Ungawanciphisa Kanjani amazinga akho e-Potassium

-Delile

• Ukubuka konke
• Ukwelashwa okunamandla kwe-hyperkalemia
• Ukwelashwa okungapheli kwe-hyperkalemia
• Izinhlobo zemithi
• Izidakamizwa
• Ama-Potassium binders
• Ukushintsha imithi
• Izinguquko zokudla
• Ukudla okudlela endlini

Ukubuka konke

I-Hyperkalemia isho ukuthi amazinga e-potassium egazini lakho aphezulu kakhulu.

I-potassium ephezulu yenzeka kakhulu kubantu abanesifo esingapheliyo sezinso (CKD). Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinso zibhekele ukususa i-potassium eyeqile namanye ama-electrolyte afana nosawoti.

Ezinye izimbangela ze-hyperkalemia zifaka:

• i-metabolic acidosis
• ukuhlukumezeka
• imithi ethile

I-Hyperkalemia imvamisa ayinazo izimpawu.

Ukuze uthole amazinga akho e-potassium, umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzo-oda ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Ngokuya ngeNational Kidney Foundation, izinga le-potassium yegazi elingaphezulu kuka-5 mmol / L likhombisa i-hyperkalemia.

I-hyperkalemia engalashwa ingabeka impilo engcupheni, okuholela ekushayweni kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile ngisho nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo.

Kubalulekile ukulandela izeluleko zomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokwehlisa amazinga akho e-potassium.

Ukwelashwa kwakho kuzoya ngokuthi:

• i-hyperkalemia yakho inzima kangakanani
• ifike ngokushesha kangakanani
• kubangelwa yini

Nazi izindlela eziningana ongawehlisa ngazo amazinga e-potassium egazi.

Ukwelashwa okunamandla kwe-hyperkalemia

I-hyperkalemia enamandla iba phakathi kwamahora ambalwa noma usuku. Kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esidinga ukwelashwa esibhedlela.

Esibhedlela, odokotela bakho nabahlengikazi bazokwenza izivivinyo, kufaka phakathi i-electrocardiogram yokuqapha inhliziyo yakho.

Ukwelashwa kwakho kuzoya ngesizathu nobukhulu be-hyperkalemia yakho. Lokhu kungafaka ukususa i-potassium egazini lakho nge-potassium binders, diuretics, noma ezimweni ezinzima, i-dialysis.

Ukwelashwa kungafaka ukufaka inhlanganisela ye-insulin efakwa emithanjeni, i-glucose, i-albuterol, ne-sodium bicarbonate. Lokhu kusiza ukuhambisa i-potassium egazini lakho iye kumaseli akho.

Ingaphinde ilaphe i-metabolic acidosis, esinye isimo esivamile esihlotshaniswa ne-CKD, esenzeka lapho kune-asidi eningi egazini lakho.

Ukwelashwa okungapheli kwe-hyperkalemia

I-hyperkalemia engapheli, ekhula ngokuhamba kwamasonto noma izinyanga, imvamisa ingaphathwa ngaphandle kwesibhedlela.

Ukwelapha i-hyperkalemia engapheli kuvame ukuhilela izinguquko ekudleni kwakho, izinguquko emithini yakho, noma ukuqala umuthi ofana ne-potassium binders.

Wena nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo nizobheka ngokucophelela amazinga e-potassium enu.

Izinhlobo zemithi

Ama-diuretics kanye ne-potassium binders yizinhlobo ezimbili ezijwayelekile zemithi ezingelapha i-hyperkalemia.

Izidakamizwa

I-diuretics yandisa ukugeleza kwamanzi, i-sodium, namanye ama-electrolyte afana ne-potassium ephuma emzimbeni. Ziyingxenye evamile yokwelashwa kokubili i-hyperkalemia ebukhali nengapheli. I-diuretics inganciphisa ukuvuvukala futhi yehlise umfutho wegazi, kepha futhi ingadala ukomisa emzimbeni neminye imiphumela emibi.

Ama-Potassium binders

Ama-potassium binders asebenza ukwelapha i-hyperkalemia ngokwandisa inani le-potassium umzimba wakho ophuma ngokuhamba kwamathumbu.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokubopha i-potassium udokotela wakho angakunikeza, njenge:

• i-sodium polystyrene sulfonate (SPS)
• i-calcium polystyrene sulfonate (CPS)
• umphathi (uVeltassa)
• i-sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma)

I-Patiromer ne-sodium zirconium cyclosilicate yizindlela ezimbili zokwelashwa ezintsha ze-hyperkalemia. Zombili lezi zingaba izinketho eziphumelelayo ikakhulukazi zabantu abanesifo senhliziyo noma isifo sikashukela, njengoba zivumela ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo kwemithi ethile engaholela kwi-hyperkalemia.

Ukushintsha imithi

Imithi ethile kwesinye isikhathi ingadala i-hyperkalemia. Imithi yomfutho wegazi ophezulu eyaziwa ngokuthi i-renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors kwesinye isikhathi ingaholela emazingeni aphezulu e-potassium.

Ezinye izidakamizwa ezihambisana ne-hyperkalemia zifaka:

• izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID)
• ama-beta-blocker omfutho wegazi ophezulu
• i-heparin, igazi elincanyana
• i-calcineurin inhibitors yokwelashwa kwe-immunosuppressive

Ukuthatha izithako ze-potassium nakho kungaholela emazingeni aphezulu e-potassium.

Kubalulekile ukukhuluma nabahlinzeki bakho bezokunakekelwa kwempilo nganoma imuphi umuthi kanye nazo zonke izithako ozithathayo ukusiza ukuthola imbangela ye-hyperkalemia yakho.

Lokhu kuzobavumela futhi ukuthi benze izincomo ezifanele zokwehlisa i-potassium yakho.

Uma i-hyperkalemia yakho ibangelwa yimithi oyiphuzayo njengamanje, umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angancoma ukuthi ushintshe noma umise lowo muthi.

Noma, bangancoma ushintsho oluthile ekudleni kwakho noma endleleni opheka ngayo. Uma izinguquko zokudla zingasizi, bangahle bakunikeze umuthi we-hyperkalemia, njengezihlanganisi ze-potassium.

Izinguquko zokudla

Ukuhlinzekwa kwakho kwezempilo kungancoma ukudla okune-potassium ephansi ukuphatha i-hyperkalemia yakho.

Kunezindlela ezimbili ezilula zokwehlisa ngokwemvelo inani le-potassium oyidlayo, okuyilezi:

• ukugwema noma ukunciphisa ukudla okuthile okuphezulu kwe-potassium
• ukubilisa ukudla okuthile ngaphambi kokuba ukudle

Ukudla okuphezulu kwe-potassium ukukhawulela noma ukugwema kufaka phakathi:

• izimpande imifino efana ne-beet nemifino ye-beet, i-taro, i-parsnips, namazambane, ama-yam, namazambane (ngaphandle kokuthi abilisiwe)
• ubhanana nojantshi
• isipinashi
• ukwatapheya
• ukuthena kanye nejusi
• omisiwe
• izinsuku
• utamatisi omiswe ngelanga noma umsulwa, noma unamathisele utamatisi
• ubhontshisi (njengobhontshisi we-adzuki, ubhontshisi wezinso, ama-chickpeas, ubhontshisi, njll.)
• bran
• amazambane amazambane
• amazambane athosiwe
• ushokoledi
• amantongomane
• iyogathi
• okufakwa esikhundleni sikasawoti

Iziphuzo eziphezulu ze-potassium ukunciphisa noma ukugwema zifaka:

• ikhofi
• ijusi yezithelo noma yemifino (ikakhulukazi izithelo zothando neziphuzo zesanqante)
• iwayini
• ubhiya
• cider
• ubisi

Ukubilisa ukudla okuthile kungehlisa inani le-potassium kukho.

Isibonelo, amazambane, ama-yam, ubhatata, nesipinashi kungabiliswa noma kubiliswe kancane bese kukhishwa amanzi. Ngemuva kwalokho, ungabalungiselela ukuthi ujwayele kangakanani ngokuwathosa, ukuwosa noma ukuwabhaka.

Ukudla okubilayo kususa i-potassium ethile. Kodwa-ke, gwema ukusebenzisa amanzi obilise kuwo ukudla, lapho kuzohlala khona i-potassium.

Udokotela wakho noma uchwepheshe wezokudla uzokuncoma ukuthi uvikele izithako zikasawoti, ezenziwe nge-potassium chloride. Lokhu kungakhuphula amazinga e-potassium egazi.

Ukudla okudlela endlini

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzosebenza nawe ukuthola ukwelashwa okufanele ukuphatha i-hyperkalemia yakho engapheli noma akusize ugweme isiqephu esibi.

Ukushintsha imithi yakho, ukuzama umuthi omusha, noma ukulandela ukudla okuphansi kwe-potassium kungasiza.