Kuyini ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-cholesterol ephezulu yegazi kanye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu?

-Delile

• Ukuqonda i-cholesterol ephezulu
• Yini eyenza izinga eliphezulu le-cholesterol
• Ukuthi i-cholesterol ephezulu ingaholela kanjani ekucindezelweni kwegazi
• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme ne-cholesterol kuyasebenzisana ukulimaza imithambo yegazi
• Izifundo ziveza ukubambisana okungenampilo
• Thatha izinyathelo zokulawula zombili izinto ezinobungozi
• Ukwelapha nokuphatha i-cholesterol ephezulu

Ukuba nengcuphe eyodwa yesifo senhliziyo kusho ukuthi kudingeka uqaphele. Ukuba nezindlela ezimbili udinga ukwenza izinguquko ezithile ezinkulu empilweni yakho.

Ososayensi bathole ukuthi lapho abantu benengozi engaphezu kweyodwa, njenge-cholesterol ephezulu yegazi nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, lezi zinto zisebenza ngokubambisana ukwenza ingozi yesifo senhliziyo ibe yimbi kakhulu.

Noma amazinga akho e-cholesterol nomfutho wegazi aphakanyiswe kancane, lapho zombili zikhona emzimbeni wakho, zingasebenzisana ukuze zilimaze ngokushesha imithambo yegazi nenhliziyo yakho. Uma zingalawulwa, ekugcineni zibeka inkundla yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo nokushaywa unhlangothi, kanye nezinye izinkinga njengokungasebenzi kahle kwezinso nokulahleka kombono.

Uma usuvele utholakale une-cholesterol ephezulu yegazi, bukela lezo zinombolo zomfutho wegazi njengokhozi! Lezi zinto ezimbili eziyingozi zithanda ukuzihlalela ndawonye. Kepha uma wazi ngokwenzekayo, ungayinqoba impi yokulwela impilo yakho.

Ukuqonda i-cholesterol ephezulu

Uma uthola ukuthi une-cholesterol ephezulu, kusho ukuthi izinga le-cholesterol egazini lakho liphakeme kunalokho okukholelwa ukuthi kunempilo. I-cholesterol wuhlobo lwento enamafutha umzimba wakho oyisebenzisayo ukwenza ama-hormone athile, ukhiqize uvithamini D, futhi wakhe amaseli aphilile. Sikwenza okunye emizimbeni yethu bese sikuthola ekudleni esikudlayo.

I-cholesterol eningi egazini lakho, noma kunjalo, ingakhuphula ubungozi besifo senhliziyo, isifo senhliziyo nesifo sohlangothi. Okukhathazayo ukuthi uma i-cholesterol yakho iphezulu, izinto ezinamafutha ngokweqile zizonamathela ezindongeni zemithambo yakho. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu okweqile kungadala ukwakheka okunamafutha, kufana nokungcola nokukhukhumala okungakha ngaphakathi kwepayipi lengadi.

Into enamafutha ekugcineni iba lukhuni, yakhe uhlobo loqwembe olungaguquguquki olonakalisa imithambo yegazi. Ziba lukhuni futhi zinciphise, futhi igazi lakho alisakwazi ukugeleza kuzo kalula njengakuqala.

Ingozi enkulu ukuthi imithambo yakho yegazi izoncipha kakhulu kangangokuba ihlule eligcina igazi livimbe ukugeleza kwegazi, kubangele umcimbi omkhulu wenhliziyo.

Yini eyenza izinga eliphezulu le-cholesterol

Odokotela basebenzisa izinombolo eziningana lapho benquma isimo se-cholesterol yakho. Ngokusho kweNational Heart, Lung, ne-Blood Institute, lezi yizinkombandlela zamanje:

Ingqikithi ye-cholesterol:

I-low-density lipoprotein (LDL), noma i-cholesterol "embi" - {textend} uhlobo lwe-cholesterol eyakheka emithanjeni:

I-high-density liproprotein (HDL), noma i-cholesterol "enhle" - {textend} uhlobo olusiza ukususa i-cholesterol emithanjeni:

Mayelana nokuthi yini ebangela i-cholesterol ephezulu, kunezici eziningi ezingabandakanyeka. Ukudla, isisindo, nokusebenza komzimba kungathinta amazinga e-cholesterol, kepha kanjalo nezakhi zofuzo, nobudala.

Ukuthi i-cholesterol ephezulu ingaholela kanjani ekucindezelweni kwegazi

Uma utholwe une-cholesterol ephezulu yegazi, kungenzeka ukuthi usuvele uthatha imishanguzo ukuyilawula, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi wenze ushintsho oluthile lokuphila ukusiza ukwehlisa amazinga akho e-cholesterol ngokwemvelo.

Okwamanje, kubalulekile ukubheka umfutho wegazi lakho. Abantu abaphila ne-cholesterol ephezulu yegazi bavame ukubhekana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme.

Kungani kungaba njalo? Okokuqala, ake sibheke ukuthi yini umfutho wegazi ophezulu. I-American Heart Association ithi umfutho wegazi ophakeme (noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme) kulapho “amandla egazi lakho acindezela udonga lwemithambo yegazi lakho ehlale ephakeme kakhulu.”

Cabanga ngalelo hose engadini futhi. Uma uphuzisa izitshalo zakho ezincane, ungawavula amanzi ngcindezi ephansi ukuze ungalimazi ukuqhakaza kwethenda. Uma unisela umugqa we-shrubbery, noma kunjalo, ungahle unyuse ingcindezi yamanzi ukuze wenze umsebenzi usheshe.

Manje ake ucabange ukuthi i-hose yensimu ineminyaka eminingana ubudala futhi igcwele ubuhlalu nobunzima. Kubuye kuqinise kancane ngeminyaka. Ukuthola amanzi afike ngomfutho ongathanda, kufanele unyuse umpompi phezulu. Umfutho ophakeme usiza ukuqhuma kwamanzi kuyo yonke leyo gunk engaphakathi kwepayipi lakho ukuze ukwazi ukuyisebenzisa ukunisela izitshalo zakho.

Uma unengcindezi ephezulu yegazi, inhliziyo yakho nemithambo yegazi kudlula esimweni esifanayo. Ngoba imithambo iqina noma incishisiwe - {textend} mhlawumbe ngenxa yokwakheka okukhulu kwe-cholesterol - {textend} inhliziyo yakho kufanele isebenze kanzima ukumpompa igazi ngayo.

Kufana nokuthi inhliziyo yakho kufanele ivulele umpompi wayo phezulu futhi iqhume igazi ukuze ithole umoya-mpilo owanele nezakhi zomzimba kuzo zonke izitho zomzimba eziyidingayo.

Umfutho wegazi ophakeme ne-cholesterol kuyasebenzisana ukulimaza imithambo yegazi

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, le ngcindezi ephezulu ilimaza imithambo yakho yegazi neminye imithambo yegazi. Azakhelwanga ukuphatha ukuphatha ukugeleza kwegazi okuqhubekayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, baqala ukuhlushwa izinyembezi nezinye izinhlobo zomonakalo.

Lezo zinyembezi zenza izindawo zokuphumula ezinhle ze-cholesterol eyeqile. Lokho kusho ukuthi ukulimala kwengcindezi ephezulu yegazi kudala imithambo ngaphakathi futhi imithambo yegazi kungaholela ekwakhiweni kwamapuleti nangaphezulu nomthambo omncane ngenxa ye-cholesterol ephezulu yegazi. Inhliziyo yakho nayo kufanele isebenze kanzima kakhulu ukumpompa igazi, ifake ubunzima obuningi emisipheni yenhliziyo yakho.

Lezi zimo ezimbili zifana neqembu lezigelekeqe elisebenza ndawonye ukwenza izinto zibe zimbi kakhulu enhliziyweni yakho, emithanjeni, nasempilweni yonke. Ngempela, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye ne-cholesterol kungadala izinkinga emehlweni akho, ezinso, ebuchosheni nakwezinye izitho.

Izifundo ziveza ukubambisana okungenampilo

Abacwaningi bazi okwesikhashana ukuthi i-cholesterol ephezulu yegazi ingaholela ekucindezelweni kwegazi. Ngo-2002, bahlukanisa ababambiqhaza baba ngamaqembu amathathu ngokwamazinga e-cholesterol yabo (aphansi, aphakathi nendawo, futhi aphezulu). Bese behlola umfutho wegazi ngaphansi kwezimo ezehlukene zokuphumula nokuzivocavoca umzimba.

Imiphumela, eyashicilelwa ku-, ikhombise ukuthi labo abanamazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol babenamazinga aphezulu kakhulu wegazi ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca kunalezo ezinamazinga aphansi e-cholesterol. Abaphenyi baphetha ngokuthi ngisho nokukhuphuka kancane kwamazinga e-cholesterol angathonya ukucindezelwa kwegazi. Bangeze ukuthi i-cholesterol ibonakala iphazamisa ukuthi imithambo yegazi ihlangana kanjani futhi ikhululwe kanjani, nakho okungathinta ingcindezi edingekayo yokufaka igazi ngayo.

Ucwaningo lwakamuva, olushicilelwe ku-, luthole imiphumela efanayo. Abaphenyi bahlaziye idatha evela kubahlanganyeli abangu-4,680 abaneminyaka engama-40 kuya kwengu-59 besuka ezindaweni ezi-17 ezahlukahlukene eJapan, China, United Kingdom nase-United States. Babheke umfutho wegazi, amazinga e-cholesterol, nokudla ngaphezu kwamahora angama-24 edlule. Imiphumela ikhombise ukuthi i-cholesterol yayihlobene ngqo nengcindezi yegazi yabo bonke ababambiqhaza.

Eqinisweni, kubonakala sengathi ukutholakala kwe-cholesterol ephezulu yegazi kungahle kubikezele ukutholakala kwesikhathi esizayo komfutho wegazi ophakeme. Yilokho abacwaningi abakubika ocwaningweni olwenziwe ngo-2005 kwiHypertension. Bahlaziye idatha evela emadodeni ayi-3,110 ababenayo hhayi kutholakale ukuthi unesifo somfutho wegazi ophezulu noma isifo senhliziyo ekuqaleni, futhi wabalandela cishe iminyaka eyi-14. Ngaphezudlwana kwe-1 000 kubo kwaba nomfutho wegazi ophezulu ekupheleni kocwaningo.

Imiphumela ikhombise okulandelayo:

• Abesilisa abane-cholesterol ephelele kakhulu babene-23
  amaphesenti andise ingozi yokuba nomfutho wegazi ophezulu kuqhathaniswa nalabo abane-
  cholesterol ephansi ngokuphelele.
• Abesilisa ababenamazinga aphelele esewonke
  i-cholesterol engaphansi kwe-cholesterol ye-HDL ibe nengozi engamaphesenti angama-39 yokuthuthuka
  umfutho wegazi ophezulu.
• Abesilisa ababenesilinganiso esingenampilo kakhulu senani
  I-cholesterol eya kwi-HDL cholesterol ibinengozi engaphezulu kwamaphesenti angama-54 yokukhula
  umfutho wegazi ophezulu.
• Abesilisa ababenamazinga aphakeme kakhulu we-HDL
  icholesterol yayinengozi ephansi ngamaphesenti angama-32 yokuba nomfutho wegazi ophezulu.

Abaphenyi abafanayo benza ukuhlolwa okufanayo kwabesifazane ngokulandelelwa kweminyaka engaba ngu-11, futhi bathola imiphumela efanayo. Ucwaningo lwabo lushicilelwe ku .Abesifazane abaphilile abanamazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol babesengozini enkulu yokuba nomfutho wegazi ophezulu emgwaqeni kunalabo abanamazinga aphansi e-cholesterol.

Thatha izinyathelo zokulawula zombili izinto ezinobungozi

Izindaba ezimnandi ukuthi zombili lezi zinto ezinobungozi zilawuleka kakhulu. Imithi iyatholakala esebenza ekugcineni i-cholesterol ephezulu nomfutho wegazi ophezulu ungalawulwa. Okubalulekile ukuhlala uxhumana nodokotela wakho, nokubheka izinombolo zakho ngokucophelela.

Futhi ungamukela ushintsho lwendlela yokuphila engaqinisa inhliziyo yakho nemithambo yegazi futhi ikusize umelane nanoma yimiphi imiphumela elimazayo. Zama lezi zeluleko:

• Ungabhemi noma uyeke ukubhema.
• Hlala usebenza - {textend} ukuzivocavoca okungenani imizuzu engama-30 a
  usuku, bese usebenza ukuqeqeshwa kokumelana izikhathi ezimbili ngesonto.
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo okubandakanya konke okuphelele
  okusanhlamvu, izithelo, imifino, amaprotheni anciphile, namafutha anempilo njengalawo atholakala kuwo
  inhlanzi namantongomane.
• Gwema i-cholesterol eyeqile ekudleni, okunamafutha amaningi
  ukudla, i-sodium eyeqile, noshukela oweqile.

Ukwelapha nokuphatha i-cholesterol ephezulu