Ichthyosis: kuyini, izimpawu eziyinhloko kanye nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa
• Izinhlobo ze-ichthyosis
• 1. Ifa ichthyosis
• 2. I-ichthyosis etholakele
• Yelashwa kanjani
• Izinkinga ezingenzeka

Ichthyosis yigama elinikezwe isethi yezimo ezidala ushintsho kusendlalelo esikha phezulu kwesikhumba, i-epidermis, sisishiye sinezicucu ezincane ezomile futhi ezibabazayo, okwenza isikhumba sibonakale njengesikali senhlanzi.

Kunezinhlobo okungenani ezingama-20 ezahlukahlukene ze-ichthyosis ezingazuzwa njengefa, okungukuthi, zidluliselwe zisuka kubazali ziye ezinganeni, kepha kunezinhlobo ezingabonakala kuphela lapho usumdala.

Amabala e-ichthyosis avela ikakhulukazi esifundeni sesiqu, imilenze noma izinyawo, ngakho-ke, uma kukhona ukusola, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxhumana nodokotela wesikhumba, ongaqinisekisa ukuxilongwa futhi akhombise indlela engcono kakhulu yokwelashwa. Yize i-ichthyosis ingenakwelapheka, ukunakekelwa okuqondiswe odokotela kungasiza kakhulu ekunciphiseni ukungakhululeki okubangelwa izinguquko esikhunjeni.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu ze-ichthyosis zingahluka ngokuya ngohlobo oluthile lomuntu ngamunye, noma kunjalo, uhlobo oluvame kakhulu yi- "ichthyosis vulgaris" okuholela ekubonakaleni kwezimpawu ezinjenge:

• Isikhumba esomile ngokuxebuka okukhulu;
• Isikhumba esifana nezikali;
• Ubukhona bemigqa eminingi esikhunjeni sezintende nezinyawo;

Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuvela ngemuva nje kokuzalwa noma phakathi nonyaka wokuqala wokuphila futhi kujwayelekile ukuthi isikhumba some ngokuya sikhula.

Izinguquko zesikhumba nazo zingabhebhetheka uma kubanda kakhulu noma isimo sezulu sishisa kakhulu, singabi njalo ezindaweni ezinomswakama nezishisayo.

Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa

Isikhathi esiningi, ukuxilongwa kwe-ichthyosis kusolwa ngudokotela wezingane phakathi nonyaka wokuqala wokuphila kwengane, kepha-ke, lapho i-ichthyosis ivela ngesikhathi somuntu omdala, ukuxilongwa kudinga ukwenziwa ngudokotela wesikhumba, ngoba kubalulekile ukuhlola ezinye izinkinga isikhumba esingadala izimpawu ezifanayo, njengochoko noma i-xerosis enesikhumba.

Izinhlobo ze-ichthyosis

Kunamaqembu amabili amakhulu e-ichthyosis: ifa le-ichthyosis, elivela eminyakeni yokuqala yokuphila kwengane futhi elidlula lisuka kubazali liye ezinganeni, futhi lithole ichthyosis, okungukuthi, lelo livela kuyo yonke impilo, ikakhulukazi lapho usumdala.

1. Ifa ichthyosis

Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ze-ichthyosis eyifa zifaka:

• Ichthyosis vulgaris: uhlobo oluvame kakhulu futhi luvela ngonyaka wokuqala wokuzalwa wengane;
• I-Bullous ichthyosis: kulolu hlobo, ngaphezu kwesikhumba esomile kakhulu, kungahle kube namabhamuza agcwele iziphuzo ezingatheleleka futhi zikhiphe iphunga elibi;
• I-Harlequin ichthyosis: luhlobo olubi kakhulu lwe-ichthyosis oludala ukoma okukhulu okungalula isikhumba kuphendule izindebe nezinkophe ngaphakathi. Imvamisa, izingane ezinalolu hlobo lwe-ichthyosis kufanele zingeniswe e-ICU ngemuva nje kokuzalwa;
• I-ichthyosis exhumene ne-chromosome: ivela kuphela kubafana ngemuva nje kokuzalwa, okwenza ukuthi isikhumba sivele ngezikali ezandleni, ezinyaweni, entanyeni, esiqwini noma esinqeni;

Imvamisa, ichthyosis yefa nayo ibonakala ihlotshaniswa nesinye isifo, njengeSjögren-Larsson syndrome, ngokwesibonelo.

2. I-ichthyosis etholakele

I-ichthyosis etholakele iyona evame ukuvela ebudaleni futhi imvamisa ihlotshaniswa nezinye izinkinga zempilo ezifana ne-hypothyroidism, isifo sezinso, i-sarcoidosis, i-Hodgkin's lymphoma noma ukutheleleka nge-HIV.

Yelashwa kanjani

Akukho muthi okwaziyo ukwelapha i-ichthyosis, noma kunjalo, kuyakhipha futhi ukufuthwa kwansuku zonke kwesikhumba kungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ukuzama ukulwa nokuphazamiseka okubangelwa yilesi simo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wesikhumba ukuze uthole ukuthi yikuphi ukunakekelwa okungasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukubukeka kwesikhumba. Kodwa-ke, ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile okunconyelwe kakhulu kufaka:

• Faka ukhilimu opholile esikhunjeni, njengeBioderma Atoderm noma iNoreva Xerodiane Plus, emizuzwini emithathu yokuqala ngemuva kokugeza;
• Gwema ukugeza ngamanzi ashisayo, ngoba lokhu kuyomisa isikhumba;
• Sebenzisa insipho ene-pH engathathi hlangothi ukugwema ukoma ngokweqile kwesikhumba;
• Hlanganisa izinwele ezimanzi ukususa izikali ekhanda;
• Faka okhilimu bokukhipha i-Lanolin noma i-Lactic acid ukususa izingqimba zesikhumba ezomile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, udokotela wesikhumba angaphinde ancome ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic okhilimu, i-corticosteroids noma imithi ene-vitamin A ukunciphisa ubungozi bokutheleleka kwesikhumba nokuvimbela ukubonakala kwesikali.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka

Izinkinga eziyinhloko ze-ichthyosis zivela ngenxa yokoma ngokweqile kwesikhumba futhi zifaka:

• Izifo: isikhumba asikwazi ukuvikela ngokwanele kuma-bacterium, isikhunta noma ezinye izinto ezincane futhi, ngakho-ke, kunengozi enkulu yokutheleleka;
• Kunzima ukuphefumula: ukuqina kwesikhumba kungavimbela ukunyakaza kokuphefumula, okuholele ebunzimeni bokuphefumula ngisho nokuboshwa kokuphefumula enganeni esanda kuzalwa;
• Ukwanda okweqile kokushisa komzimba:ngenxa yokwanda kobukhulu besikhumba, umzimba unenkinga enkulu ekukhipheni ukushisa, futhi ungashisa ngokweqile.

Lezi zinkinga zingadala ezinye izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane ongaphezu kuka-38º C, ukukhathala ngokweqile, ukuphefumula kanzima, ukudideka noma ukuhlanza, isibonelo. Kulezi zimo, kufanele uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo ukuyokhomba inkinga bese uqala ukwelashwa okufanele.

Ukugwema izingqinamba ze-ichthyosis kubalulekile ukugcina ukwelashwa okufanele nokugcina isikhumba sinamanzi kahle, ukusebenzisa okhilimu abane-emollient, njenge-Bioderma Atoderm noma iNoreva Xerodiane Plus, nsuku zonke ngemuva kokugeza.