I-Immunotherapy njengokwelashwa kwemigqa yesibili yomdlavuza ongewona omncane wamangqamuzana omzimba

-Delile

• I-Immunotherapy: Isebenza kanjani
• Izivimbeli zokuhlola ze-NSCLC
• Ungayithola nini i-immunotherapy?
• Uyithola kanjani i-immunotherapy?
• Zisebenza kahle kangakanani?
• Iyini imiphumela emibi?
• Ukudla okudlela endlini

Ngemuva kokuthi utholakale unomdlavuza ongewona omncane wamangqamuzana wamaphaphu (i-NSCLC), udokotela wakho uzokubhekela izinketho zakho zokwelashwa. Uma unomdlavuza wesigaba sokuqala, ukuhlinzeka imvamisa kuyisinqumo sokuqala. Uma umdlavuza wakho usuthuthukile, udokotela wakho uzowelapha ngokuhlinzwa, ngamakhemikhali, ngemisebe noma ngenhlanganisela yalokhu okuthathu.

I-Immunotherapy ingaba ukwelashwa komugqa wesibili kwe-NSCL. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungaba yilungu le-immunotherapy uma umuthi wokuqala owuzamayo ungasebenzi noma uyeka ukusebenza.

Kwesinye isikhathi odokotela basebenzisa i-immunotherapy njengokwelashwa komugqa wokuqala kanye neminye imishanguzo kumagciwane omdlavuza asesakazeke emzimbeni wonke.

I-Immunotherapy: Isebenza kanjani

I-Immunotherapy isebenza ngokukhuthaza amasosha omzimba wakho ukuthola nokubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Imithi ye-immunotherapy esetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-NSCLC ibizwa ngama-checkpoint inhibitors.

Amasosha akho omzimba anebutho lamangqamuzana abulalayo abizwa ngama-T cell, azingela umdlavuza namanye amangqamuzana ayingozi angaphandle futhi awabhubhise. Izindawo zokuhlola zingamaprotheni ebusweni bamaseli. Bazisa ama-T cell ukuthi ngabe iseli linobungani noma liyingozi. Izindawo zokuhlola zivikela amangqamuzana aphilile ngokuvimbela amasosha akho omzimba ekuhlaseleni.

Amaseli womdlavuza kwesinye isikhathi angasebenzisa lezi zingosi zokuzifihla kumasosha omzimba. I-Checkpoint inhibitors ivimba amaprotheni wokuhlola ukuze amaseli we-T abone amangqamuzana omdlavuza futhi awabhubhise. Ngokuyinhloko, le mithi isebenza ngokususa amabhuleki empendulweni yesistimu yomzimba yokulwa nomdlavuza.

Izivimbeli zokuhlola ze-NSCLC

Izidakamizwa ezine ze-immunotherapy ziphatha i-NSCLC:

• INivolumab (Opdivo) ne-pembrolizumab (Keytruda)
  vimba iprotheni ebizwa nge-PD-1 ebusweni bamaseli we-T. I-PD-1 ivimbela amaseli we-T
  ekuhlaselweni umdlavuza. Ukuvimba i-PD-1 kuvumela amasosha omzimba ukuba azingele
  futhi kubhubhise amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
• I-Atezolizumab (Tecentriq) ne-durvalumab
  (Imfinzi) uvimba enye iphrotheni ebizwa nge-PD-L1 ebusweni bamangqamuzana e-tumor futhi
  amaseli omzimba. Ukuvimbela le phrotheni kudedela ukuphendula komzimba
  umdlavuza.

Ungayithola nini i-immunotherapy?

Odokotela basebenzisa i-Opdivo, Keytruda, neTecentriq njengokwelashwa komugqa wesibili. Ungathola eyodwa yalezi zidakamizwa uma umdlavuza wakho usuqale ukukhula futhi ngemuva kokwelapha ngamakhemikhali noma okunye ukwelashwa. I-Keytruda iphinda inikezwe njengokwelashwa komugqa wokuqala kwe-NSCLC esezingeni eliphansi, kanye ne-chemotherapy.

Imfinzi ingeyabantu abane-stage 3 NSCLC abangakwazi ukuhlinzwa, kodwa umdlavuza wabo ungakabi kubi kakhulu ngemuva kokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali nemisebe. Kuyasiza ukunqanda umdlavuza ukuthi ungakhuli isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka.

Uyithola kanjani i-immunotherapy?

Izidakamizwa ze-Immunotherapy zilethwa njengokumnika ngomthambo engalweni yakho. Uzothola le mithi kanye njalo emavikini amabili kuya kwamathathu.

Zisebenza kahle kangakanani?

Abanye abantu babhekane nemiphumela emibi evela emithini ye-immunotherapy. Ukwelashwa kunciphise izicubu zabo, futhi kumise umdlavuza ukuthi ungakhuli izinyanga eziningi.

Kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu ophendula kulokhu kwelashwa. Umdlavuza ungahle ume isikhashana, bese uyabuya. Abaphenyi bazama ukufunda ukuthi imaphi umdlavuza aphendula kangcono ekwelashweni komzimba, ngakho-ke bangakhomba le ndlela yokwelashwa kubantu abazozuza kakhulu kuyo.

Iyini imiphumela emibi?

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile evela emithini ye-immunotherapy ifaka:

• ukukhathala
• ukukhwehlela
• isicanucanu
• ukulunywa
• ukuqubuka
• ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla
• ukuqunjelwa
• isifo sohudo
• ubuhlungu obuhlangene

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ayivamile. Ngoba le mithi yandisa ukuphendula komzimba, amasosha omzimba angaqala ukuhlasela ezinye izitho ezinjengamaphaphu, izinso, noma isibindi. Lokhu kungaba kubi.

Ukudla okudlela endlini

I-NSCLC imvamisa ayitholakali kuze kube yilapho seyedlule, okwenza kube nzima ukuyelapha ngokuhlinzwa, ngamakhemikhali nangemisebe. I-Immunotherapy ikwenze ngcono ukwelashwa kwalo mdlavuza.

Izidakamizwa ze-Checkpoint inhibitor zisiza ukunciphisa ukukhula kwe-NSCLC okusakazekile. Le mithi ayisebenzi kuwo wonke umuntu, kepha ingasiza abanye abantu abane-NSCLC esekude ukungena ekuxolelweni futhi baphile isikhathi eside.

Abaphenyi bacwaninga imishanguzo emisha ye-immunotherapy ezivivinyweni zokwelashwa. Ithemba ukuthi imithi emisha noma inhlanganisela entsha yale mithi enamakhemikhali noma i-radiation ingakhuphula ukusinda nakakhulu.

Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi umuthi we-immunotherapy ukufanele yini. Thola ukuthi le mithi ingayithuthukisa kanjani imishanguzo yakho yokwelashwa komdlavuza, nokuthi imiphi imiphumela engemihle engayidala.