Izifo Ekukhulelweni: I-Hepatitis A

-Delile

• Ziyini izimpawu nemiphumela yesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo A?
• Ubani osengozini?
• Yini ebangela i-hepatitis A?
• I-Hepatitis A nokukhulelwa
• Ukuvimbela
• Umbono

Siyini isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo A?

I-Hepatitis A yisifo sesifo esithathelanayo kakhulu esibangelwa igciwane le-hepatitis A (HAV). Kodwa-ke, ngokungafani ne-hepatitis B no-C, ayibangeli izifo ezingapheli zesibindi futhi ayivame ukubulala.

Ukutheleleka kwe-Hepatitis A kwenzeka ngemijikelezo engahleliwe. Kodwa-ke, bekulokhu kuncipha e-United States eminyakeni engama-40 edlule. Ngokusho kwe-, lokhu ngokwengxenye kungenxa yokwethulwa komuthi wokugomela i-hepatitis A ngo-1995.

Ngo-2013, kwakukhona amacala alinganiselwa ku-3 473 okutheleleka ngesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo A okubikwe e-United States. Kodwa-ke, izifo eziningi ze-hepatitis A azibonisi izimpawu, ngakho-ke inani langempela lokutheleleka kuleli lizwe kucatshangwa ukuthi liphakeme.

I-HAV isabalele kakhulu ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi ezinokukhucululwa kwendle okungafanele. Futhi, ukutheleleka kwesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo A kwenzeka ngokuvama okulinganayo kwabesifazane abakhulelwe njengakubo bonke abantu.

Ziyini izimpawu nemiphumela yesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo A?

Izimpawu zokutheleleka kwesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo A zibanzi futhi zisuka kokunye kuya kokubi kakhulu. Ngokusho kwe, iningi lezingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-6 ubudala ezine-hepatitis A azinazo izimpawu. Kodwa-ke, abantu abadala bavame ukubonisa izimpawu. Isibonelo, cishe amaphesenti angama-70 abantu abadala abane-hepatitis A baba ne-jaundice.

Yize iningi lamacala e-hepatitis A ahlala isonto elilodwa kuya kwamane, amanye amacala angahlala izinyanga ezimbalwa. Umuntu onegciwane utheleleka kakhulu ngaphambi nje kokuba izimpawu zivele futhi zihlale isikhathi sokutheleleka.

Izimpawu ezivamile zokutheleleka kwe-hepatitis A zifaka:

• ukukhathala
• isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• ubuhlungu obuzungeze iphilisi elizungeze isibindi.
• shintsha kumbala wokuhamba kwamathumbu
• ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla
• umkhuhlane osezingeni eliphansi
• umchamo omnyama
• ubuhlungu obuhlangene
• i-jaundice noma ukuphuzi kwesikhumba namehlo

Eziningi zeziguli, imiphumela yesikhathi eside yokutheleleka ayikho. Ngemuva kokuthi umuntu elulame unama-antibody e-hepatitis A ahlinzeka ngokuzivikela impilo yonke kulesi sifo. Kodwa-ke, kube nezimo ezingavamile zokubuyela emuva kwesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo A ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokutheleleka kokuqala. Cishe abantu abangama-80 ngonyaka bafa e-United States ngenxa yezifo zesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo A.

Ubani osengozini?

Abantu abanengozi enkulu yokutheleleka ngesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo A yilabo abaxhumana nabantu abanesifo. Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi zifaka:

• ukuya emazweni anezinga eliphakeme noma eliphakathi le-hepatitis A, ikakhulukazi i-Afrika, i-Asia (ngaphandle kweJapane), iMpumalanga Yurophu, iMiddle East, iNingizimu neMelika Ephakathi, iMexico, neGreenland
• ukuxhumana ngokobulili ngomlomo nomuntu onegciwane
• ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni
• ukuba nesifo esingalapheki sesibindi
• ukusebenza ne-hepatitis A endaweni yokuhlola
• ukuba nenkinga yokunqanda igazi noma ukuthola ama-clotting factor kugxila
• ukuhlala emiphakathini enamazinga aphezulu esifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo A - lokhu kusebenza ezinganeni ezisezikhungweni zokunakekela izingane
• ukuphatha ukudla
• ukunakekela abagula isikhathi eside noma abakhubazekile
• ukuba namasosha omzimba abuthakathaka ngenxa yomdlavuza, i-HIV, imithi engama-steroid engapheli, noma ukufakelwa isitho somzimba

Yini ebangela i-hepatitis A?

I-HAV ichithwa ngendle yabantu abanegciwane. Isatshalaliswa ikakhulukazi ngokuxhumana ngqo nomuntu nomuntu nokuchayeka emanzini nasekudleni okungcolile. I-Hepatitis A nayo ingadluliselwa ngokungcoliswa kwegazi okuqondile, njengokuhlanganyela inaliti nomuntu onegciwane.

Kwezinye izinhlobo eziningi zesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo lwegciwane umuntu uphatha futhi adlulise igciwane ngaphandle kokuba nezimpawu. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akulona iqiniso nge-hepatitis A.

I-Hepatitis A imvamisa ayibeki ubungozi obukhethekile kowesifazane okhulelwe noma enganeni yakhe. Ukutheleleka komama akubangeli ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa, futhi umama ngokuvamile akaludluliseli leli gciwane enganeni yakhe.

I-Hepatitis A nokukhulelwa

Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ukutheleleka kwesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo A kungahlotshaniswa nengozi ephezulu yokusebenza ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma ukutheleleka kwenzeka ngesikhathi sesithathu noma sesithathu. Ezinye izingozi ezengeziwe ezihambisana nokutheleleka kwe-hepatitis A zingafaka:

• Ukuncipha kwesibeletho ngaphambi kwesikhathi
• ukuqhuma kweplasenta
• ukuqhekeka ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwezingqimba

Kodwa-ke, ukuthola i-hepatitis A ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa akuvamile. Yize kunengozi eyandayo yezinkinga, imvamisa ayinzima. Futhi, isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo A asiboniswanga ukuthi sidala ukufa kumama noma enganeni, futhi izingane ezizalwe ngomama abane-hepatitis A azivamile ukusithola.

Ukuvimbela

I-Hepatitis A ayinawo umuthi. Ukuvimbela ukuthola i-hepatitis A, zama ukugwema imisebenzi enobungozi obukhulu. Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi ugeza izandla zakho ngemuva kokuphatha ukudla okuluhlaza nangemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese.

Umuthi wokugoma ovamile uyatholakala ku-HAV, futhi kulula ukuwuthola. Umuthi wokugoma ufakwa ngemijovo emibili. Ukudutshulwa kwesibili kunikezwa izinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kweziyi-12 ngemuva kwesokuqala.

Umbono

I-Hepatitis A ingaba nzima ukuyithola ngoba kungahle kungabikho zimpawu.Qiniseka ukuthi uhlolwa lapho uthola ukuthi ukhulelwe ukuze wazi noma yiziphi izingozi zokukhulelwa kwakho.

Ukudlulisela i-hepatitis A enganeni yakho akuvamile, kepha kungaholela ezinkingeni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Uma kutholakala ukuthi unesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo A, udokotela wakho udinga umthetho ukwazisa isiphathimandla sezempilo somphakathi wasendaweni. Lokhu kusiza ukuthola umthombo wesifo nokuvikela ukuqubuka kwesifo okuqhubekayo.

Kunezinto eziningana ongazenza ukuvimbela noma ukugwema ukutheleleka kwesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo A. Gwema imikhuba eyingozi, yenza inhlanzeko enhle, futhi uqiniseke ukuthi ukhuluma ngokugoma nodokotela wakho.