IListeria nokukhulelwa

-Delile

• Kungani iListeria Ibaluleke Kakhulu Kubesifazane Abakhulelwe?
• Ziyini Izimpawu zeListeria?
• Izimbangela zeListeriosis
• Ingabe ngisengozini?
• Listeria Ihlonza Kanjani?
• Yiziphi izinkinga zeListeria ekukhulelweni?
• Ukwelashwa kweListeria ekukhulelweni
• Uyini umbono?
• Ngabe iListeria Ekukhulelweni Ingavinjelwa?

Yini iListeria?

IListeria monocytogenes (Listeria) luhlobo lwebhaktheriya lolwenta sifo lesibitwa ngekutsi yi-listeriosis. Igciwane litholakala ku:

• umhlabathi
• uthuli
• amanzi
• ukudla okusetshenzisiwe
• inyama eluhlaza
• indle yezilwane

Izimo eziningi ze-listeriosis zibangelwa ukudla ukudla okungcoliswe yigciwane. I-Listeriosis ibanga ukugula okuncane kubantu abaningi. Kodwa-ke, kungaholela ekuguleni okubi kakhulu ezinganeni ezingakazalwa noma ezisanda kuzalwa lapho umama etheleleka ngenkathi ekhulelwe. Ukutheleleka kombungu kungadala ukukhulelwa kwesisu noma ukuzala ingane ifile. Ukutheleleka kosana olusanda kuzalwa kungaholela ekuhlaselweni inyumoniya nasekufeni. Ngalesi sizathu, ukuvimbela i-listeriosis ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kubaluleke kakhulu.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele bagweme izinhlobo ezithile zokudla, njengezinja ezishisayo, inyama yokulethwa, noshizi othambile ukuze behlise ubungozi babo. Ukuqonda ukuthi ukudla kwakho kulungiswa kanjani futhi ulandela imihlahlandlela yokuphepha kokudla nakho kungasiza ekuvimbeleni lesi sifo.

Kungani iListeria Ibaluleke Kakhulu Kubesifazane Abakhulelwe?

Kubantu abadala abaphilile abangakhulelwe, ukudla ukudla okungcoliswe yiListeria imvamisa akuholeli ezinkingeni. I-Listeriosis ayivamile kubantu abadala abangakhulelwe abaphilile, kepha ukutheleleka kufinyelela kaningi kuma-20 kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, ngokusho kwe- I-Obstetrics ne-Gynecology. Iningi labesifazane abakhulelwe abanazo izimpawu noma izinkinga ezivela ekuthelelekeni. Noma kunjalo, umbungu uthinteka kakhulu kulolu hlobo lwegciwane. Ukutheleleka kungasakazeka kuye ngaphesheya kwe-placenta. Ukutheleleka ngeListeria - okwaziwa njenge-listeriosis - kubi kakhulu futhi kuvame ukubulala ingane.

Ziyini Izimpawu zeListeria?

Izimpawu zingaqala noma yikuphi kusuka ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya ezinyangeni ezimbili ngemuva kokuchayeka kubhaktheriya. Abantu abadala abaphilile abangakhulelwe ngokuvamile abakhombisi zimpawu nhlobo.

Izimpawu kwabesifazane abakhulelwe zingafana nezimpawu zomkhuhlane noma amakhaza. Zingafaka:

• imfiva
• ikhanda
• ubuhlungu bemisipha
• Ukugodola
• isicanucanu
• ukuhlanza
• intamo elukhuni
• ukudideka

Qiniseka ukuthi uthinta umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma ukhulelwe futhi uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu. Kwesinye isikhathi owesifazane okhulelwe one-listeriosis ngeke azizwe egula kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, usengaludlulisa usana enganeni yakhe engakazalwa engazi.

Izimbangela zeListeriosis

I-Listeriosis yisifo esithathwa ngokudla ukudla okungcoliswe yigciwane IListeria monocytogenes. Amagciwane atholakala kakhulu emanzini, enhlabathini nasezilwaneni. Imifino ingangcoliswa inhlabathi. Ingatholakala futhi enyameni engaphekiwe nemikhiqizo yobisi engaphekiwe ngoba izilwane zivame ukuthwala amabhaktheriya, yize zingaguli kuwo. IListeria ibulawa ngokupheka nokugcotshwa (inqubo yokufudumeza uketshezi ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu ukubulala amagciwane).

Leli gciwane alijwayelekile ngoba likhula kahle ezingeni lokushisa elifanayo nelesiqandisi sakho. Abantu bavame ukubamba i-listeriosis ngokudla lokhu kudla okungcolisiwe okulandelayo:

• inyama esekulungele ukudliwa, inhlanzi nezinkukhu
• ubisi olungasetshenziswanga
• imikhiqizo eshizi ethambile
• izithelo nemifino engcoliswe ngumhlabathi noma kumquba osetshenziswa njengomanyolo
• ukudla okuhlanganiswe ngaphansi kwezimo ezingahlanzekile

Ingabe ngisengozini?

Abesifazane abanezimo ezithile basengozini ethe xaxa yokutheleleka. Lokhu kufaka phakathi imibandela elandelayo:

• isifo sikashukela
• ukusetshenziswa kwe-steroid
• ukutheleleka ngegciwane lesandulela ngculazi (i-HIV)
• amasosha omzimba ayekethisayo
• yingaboy
• ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yokuzivikela emzimbeni
• umdlavuza
• ukuphuza ngokweqile

Izimo eziningi ze-listeriosis zenzeka kwabesifazane abakhulelwe abanempilo. Abesifazane abakhulelwe baseSpain nabo basengozini enkulu - cishe amathuba okutheleleka kunabantu abaningi.

Listeria Ihlonza Kanjani?

Udokotela uzosola i-listeriosis uma ukhulelwe futhi unemfiva noma izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane. IListeria kunzima ukuyixilonga. Udokotela wakho uzozama ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa ngokwenza isiko legazi ukuhlola ubukhona begciwane. Bangakubuza imibuzo mayelana nezimpawu zakho nokuthi yini oyidlile muva nje.

Amasiko angathatha izinsuku ezimbili ukukhula. Ngoba kubi kakhulu enganeni, udokotela wakho angaqala ukwelashwa i-listeriosis ngisho nangaphambi kokuba athole imiphumela.

Yiziphi izinkinga zeListeria ekukhulelweni?

Uma ukhulelwe futhi une-listeriosis, usengozini enkulu yoku:

• ukukhulelwa kwesisu
• ukuzala ingane ishonile
• ukulethwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi
• ukuletha usana olunesisindo esiphansi sokuzalwa
• ukufa embungwini

Kwezinye izimo, ukutheleleka kungaholela ezinkingeni kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, kufaka phakathi:

• i-bacterial meningitis (ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi oluzungeze ubuchopho)
• septicemia (ukutheleleka ngegazi)

Ukutheleleka ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa kungadala okulandelayo:

• inyumoniya
• septicemia
• meningitis yebhaktheriya
• ukufa

Ukwelashwa kweListeria ekukhulelweni

IListeria ilashwa ngama-antibiotic. Odokotela bavame ukunquma i-penicillin. Uma uxabana ne-penicillin, i-trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole ingasetshenziswa esikhundleni salokho.

Ama-antibiotic afanayo anikezwa izingane ezizalwe zine-listeriosis

Uyini umbono?

Ukutheleleka kweListeria kuvame ukuba nzima ezinganeni. Iphatha isilinganiso sokufa samaphesenti angama-20 kuye kwangama-30 ngokuya nge- in I-Obstetrics ne-Gynecology. Ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi ngama-antibiotic kusiza ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwengane nezinye izinkinga ezinzima. Akuzona zonke izingane ezinonina abathelelekile abazoba nezinkinga.

Ngabe iListeria Ekukhulelweni Ingavinjelwa?

Isihluthulelo sokuvimbela ukutheleleka nge-listeria ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ukulandela imihlahlandlela enconywe yi-CDC. Inhlangano incoma ukuthi akufanele udle ukudla okunobungozi obukhulu bokungcola kweListeria lapho ukhulelwe.

Gwema lokhu kudla okulandelayo:

• izinja ezishisayo, inyama yasemini, noma ukusika okubandayo kuphakelwe kubanda noma kufudunyezwe kube ngaphansi kuka-165˚F. Ukudla ezindaweni zokudlela ezinikezela ngama-sandwich enyama akunconywa.
• Inyama efrijini iyasakazeka
• inyama ephekwe “okungajwayelekile”
• umkhiqizo ongavuthiwe ongakagezwa kahle
• ubisi oluhlaza (olungasetshenziswanga)
• ukudla kwasolwandle okubhemayo
• ushizi othambile ongasetshenziswanga, njenge-feta ne-Brie ushizi. Ushizi onzima onjenge-cheddar kanye noshizi we-semisoft onjenge-mozzarella KULUNGILE ukuwadla, kanye nokusakazeka okunamathiselwe okufana noshizi kakhilimu.

Kubalulekile futhi ukwenza iziqondiso zokuphepha kokudla nokuphatha. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Geza izithelo nemifino kahle emanzini ahlanzekile, noma ngabe isikhumba siyohlanzwa.
• Khuhla umkhiqizo oqinile njengamakhabe namakhukhamba ngebhulashi elihlanzekile.
• Funda amalebula ezithako.
• Hlola izinsuku zokuphelelwa yisikhathi.
• Geza izandla zakho njalo.
• Gcina izindawo zokulungiselela ekhishini lakho zihlanzekile.
• Gcina isiqandisi sakho ku-40˚F noma ngezansi.
• Hlanza isiqandisi sakho njalo.
• Pheka ukudla kumazinga okushisa afanele. Kufanele uthenge ama-thermometer okudla ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi ukudla kuphekiwe noma kufudunyezwa okungenani kube ngu-160˚F.
• Ifriji noma iqhwa ukudla okonakalayo noma okulungisiwe nokudla okusele kungakapheli amahora amabili wokulungiselela; ngaphandle kwalokho, balahle.

UMnyango Wezolimo wase-United States (i-USDA) kanye ne-Food and Drug Administration (i-FDA) nabo benza ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile nokuqapha imithombo yokudla engaba khona yokungcola. Bazokhumbula noma iyiphi inkukhu, ingulube, nemikhiqizo yasolwandle elungisiwe e-United States uma kukhona ukukhathazeka ngokungcoliswa.

Ekugcineni, igciwane leListeria livame kakhulu kangangokuba ukuvezwa akukwazi ukuvinjelwa njalo. Abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele babize udokotela wabo uma benezinye zezimpawu ezivamile.