Ukubuka konke kokungezwani komzimba nezinambuzane

-Delile

• Ukusabela okweqile ku-sting yezinambuzane
• Kuyini ukusabela okweqile?
• Yiziphi izinambuzane ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba?
• Kuyingozi kangakanani ukusabela okweqile?
• Umbono wesikhathi eside

Ukusabela okweqile ku-sting yezinambuzane

Iningi labantu elinyelwa yisinambuzane linokuphendula okuncane. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukubomvu okuthile, ukuvuvukala, noma ukulunywa esizeni se-sting. Lokhu kuvame ukuhamba kungakapheli amahora. Kwabanye abantu, noma kunjalo, ukulunywa yizinambuzane kungadala ukusabela okunzima noma ngisho nokufa. E-United States, phakathi kuka-90-100 ukulunywa ngonyaka kuholela ekufeni.

Kuyini ukusabela okweqile?

Amasosha omzimba wakho aphendula izinto ezingajwayelekile ezinamaseli akwazi ukuthola umhlaseli othize. Ingxenye eyodwa yalolu hlelo amasosha omzimba. Bavumela amasosha omzimba ukuthi abone izinto ezingajwayelekile, futhi adlale indima ekuwasuseni. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-antibodies, ngalinye linendima ethile. Elinye lalawa ma-subtypes, elaziwa ngokuthi i-immunoglobulin E (IgE), lihlotshaniswa nokwenziwa kokungezwani komzimba.

Uma une-allergies, amasosha akho omzimba azwela ngokweqile ezintweni ezithile. Amasosha akho omzimba enza amaphutha kulezi zinto kubahlaseli. Ngesikhathi sokuphendula lesi siginali esiyiphutha, amasosha omzimba akhiqiza amasosha omzimba e-IgE aqondene ngqo nalolo ketshezi.

Isikhathi sokuqala lapho umuntu enenkinga yokungezwani nezinto ezithile zesinambuzane elunywa, amasosha omzimba angakhiqiza inani elincane elincane lama-antibody e-IgE aqondiswe kubuthi balesi sinambuzane. Uma iphinyiwe futhi ngohlobo olufanayo lwesinambuzane, impendulo ye-IgE antibody ishesha kakhulu futhi inamandla. Le mpendulo ye-IgE iholela ekukhishweni kwe-histamine namanye amakhemikhali okuvuvukala abangela izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba.

Yiziphi izinambuzane ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba?

Kunemindeni emithathu yezinambuzane ebangela ukungezwani komzimba kakhulu. Lezi izi:

• ama-vespids (iVespidae): amajakhethi aphuzi, amampondo, iminyovu
• izinyosi (Apidae): izinyosi zezinyosi, ama-bumblebees (ngezikhathi ezithile), izinyosi ezijulukayo (okungajwayelekile)
• izintuthwane (Formicidae): izintuthwane zomlilo (ezivame ukudala i-anaphylaxis), izintuthwane zokuvuna (imbangela engavamile kakhulu ye-anaphylaxis)

Imvamisa, ukulunywa yizinambuzane ezilandelayo kungadala i-anaphylaxis:

• omiyane
• izimbungulu zombhede
• izimbungulu eziqabulayo
• Izinyamazane ziyandiza

Kuyingozi kangakanani ukusabela okweqile?

Isikhathi esiningi, ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba kumnene, kunezimpawu zasendaweni ezingafaka ukuqubuka kwesikhumba noma isifuba, ukulunywa, noma ukuvuvukala.

Ngezikhathi ezithile, noma kunjalo, i-sting sting ingaveza ukusabela okungathi sína okubizwa nge-anaphylaxis. I-Anaphylaxis yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha lapho ukuphefumula kungaba nzima khona nomfutho wegazi wehle ngokuyingozi. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa okufanelekile ngokushesha, ukufa kungumphumela ovela esiqeshini se-anaphylaxis.

Umbono wesikhathi eside

Uma uke waba nokungezwani komzimba ne-sting sting, unethuba elikhulu lokuba nempendulo efanayo noma ebucayi kakhulu uma uphinde walunywa uhlobo olufanayo lwesinambuzane. Indlela enhle yokugwema ukusabela okweqile, yiqiniso, ukugwema ukutinyelwa. Amathiphu wokugwema ukutholwa afaka:

• Susa isifuba nezidleke ekhaya lakho nasegcekeni lakho.
• Gqoka izingubo zokuzivikela uma ungaphandle.
• Gwema ukugqoka imibala egqamile namakha aqinile uma ungaphandle lapho kungahle kube nezinambuzane.
• Qaphela lapho udla ngaphandle. Izinambuzane zikhangwa iphunga lokudla.

Uma uke waba ne-allergic reaction esikhathini esedlule, kufanele ugqoke isongo lokuhlonza ukwelashwa bese uphatha i-epinephrine auto-injection kit.