Yini i-Insulin futhi yenzelwe ini

-Delile

• Iyini i-insulin
• Yini elawula ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin
• Lapho udinga ukuthatha i-insulin
• 1. I-insulin esebenza njenge-basal
• 2. IBolus-acting insulin

I-insulini yihomoni ekhiqizwa kumanyikwe enesibopho sokuthatha ushukela osegazini uwuyise kumaseli ukuze usetshenziswe njengomthombo wamandla ezinqubeni zokusebenza komzimba.

Isikhuthazo esikhulu sokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin wukwanda kwenani likashukela egazini ngemuva kokudla. Lapho ukukhiqizwa kwale hormone kunganele noma kungekho, njengesifo sikashukela, ushukela awunakufakwa kumaseli ngakho-ke, ugcina uqoqana egazini nasemchameni, kudale izinkinga ezifana ne-retinopathy, ukwehluleka kwezinso, ukulimala okungapholi futhi thanda nesifo sohlangothi, ngokwesibonelo.

Isifo sikashukela yisifo esiguqula inani le-insulin ekhiqizwayo, ngoba sithinta amandla amanyikwe okukhiqiza le hormone, engaba khona kusukela ekuzalweni, okuwuhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lokuqala, noma etholakala impilo yonke, okuwuhlobo lukashukela. 2. Kulezi zimo, kungadingeka ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ukulawula amazinga kashukela noma usebenzise i-insulin yokwenziwa ukulingisa isenzo salokho okufanele kukhiqizwe ngumzimba.

Qonda kangcono ngezimpawu nokuthi ungasibona kanjani isifo sikashukela.

Iyini i-insulin

I-insulini inekhono lokuthatha i-glucose esegazini, bese iyiyisa ezithweni zomzimba, njengobuchopho, isibindi, amafutha nemisipha, lapho ingasetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amandla, amaprotheni, i-cholesterol kanye ne-triglycerides emandleni umzimba, noma ukugcinwa.

Ama-pancreas akhiqiza i-insulin yezinhlobo ezimbili:

• Okuyisisekelo: yimfihlo eqhubekayo ye-insulin, ukugcina ubuncane obungaguquki usuku lonke;
• IBolus: kulapho amanyikwe ekhipha inani elikhulu ngasikhathi sinye, ngemuva kokudla ngakunye, ngaleyo ndlela evimbela ushukela osekudleni ukuthi unganqwabelani egazini.

Kungakho-ke, lapho umuntu edinga ukusebenzisa i-insulin yokwenziwa ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela, kubalulekile futhi ukusebenzisa lezi zinhlobo ezimbili: eyodwa okufanele ijojowe kanye ngosuku, bese enye ifakwa ngemuva kokudla.

Yini elawula ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin

Kukhona enye i-hormone, nayo ekhiqizwa kumanyikwe, enesenzo esiphambene ne-insulin, ebizwa nge-glucagon. Isebenza ngokukhipha i-glucose egcinwe emafutheni, esibindini nasemisipheni egazini, ukuze umzimba uyisebenzise lapho amazinga kashukela esephansi kakhulu, njengesikhathi sokuzila, isibonelo.

Isenzo salawa mahomoni ama-2, i-insulin kanye ne-glucagon, sibaluleke kakhulu ukulinganisa inani le-glucose egazini, siyivimbele ekubeni ngokweqile noma ngokushoda, njengoba zombili lezi zimo ziletha izinkinga ezimbi emzimbeni.

Lapho udinga ukuthatha i-insulin

Kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa i-insulin yokwenziwa ezimweni lapho umzimba ungakwazi khona ukukhiqiza ngamanani adingekayo, njengohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 noma uhlobo olubi lwesifo sikashukela esingu-2. Qondisisa kangcono lapho kunesidingo sokuqala ukusebenzisa i-insulin ngabanesifo sikashukela.

I-insulin yokwenziwa yemithi ilingisa uketshezi lwe-insulin lomzimba usuku lonke, kokubili okuyisisekelo kanye ne-bolus, ngakho-ke kunezinhlobo eziningana, ezahluka ngejubane ezisebenza ngalo kushukela wegazi:

1. I-insulin esebenza njenge-basal

Lokhu kungumuthi wokwenziwa olingisa i-insulin eyisisekelo ekhishwa kancane kancane ngamanyikwe usuku lonke, futhi kungaba:

• Isenzo esiphakathi noma i-NPH, njenge-Insulatard, i-Humulin N, i-Novolin N noma i-Insuman Basal: ihlala amahora afinyelela kwangu-12 emzimbeni, futhi ingasetshenziselwa ukugcina inani le-insulin emzimbeni;
• Isenzo esihamba kancane, njengeLantus, Levemir noma iTresiba: yi-insulini ekhishwa ngokuqhubekayo nangokuhamba kancane ngaphezu kwamahora angama-24, egcina isenzo esincane usuku lonke.

Ama-insulins asebenza isikhathi eside angafika emahoreni angama-42 nawo ayamakethwa, anganikeza umuntu ithuba elikhulu kakhulu, anciphise inani lokulunywa.

2. IBolus-acting insulin

Yilawo mahomoni asetshenziselwa ukufaka esikhundleni se-insulin ekhiqizwa ngemuva kokondla, ukuvimbela i-glucose ukuthi ikhuphuke ngokushesha egazini, futhi yilezi:

• I-insulin esheshayo noma ejwayelekile, njengoNovolin R noma uHumulin R: ulingisa i-insulin ekhishwa lapho sidla, ngakho-ke iqala ukusebenza ngemizuzu engama-30, isebenza cishe amahora amabili;
• I-insulin esheshayo, njengeHumalog, iNovorapid ne-Apidra: yi-insulin enesenzo esisheshayo sokuvimbela ukudla ekukhuphukeni kwamazinga kashukela ngokweqile, futhi kufanele isetshenziswe ngaphambi kokudla.

Lezi zinto zisetshenziswa ezicutshini ezinonile ngaphansi kwesikhumba ngosizo lwesirinji noma amapeni akhethekile alo msebenzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inketho ukusetshenziswa kwepompo ye-insulin, okuyithuluzi elincane elinamathiselwe emzimbeni, futhi lingahlelelwa ukukhipha i-basal noma i-bolus insulin ngokwezidingo zomuntu ngamunye.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo ze-insulin, izakhiwo zazo nokuthi uzisebenzisa kanjani.