Ingabe Amaphilisi Wokulawulwa Komuthi Ophansi Akulungele Wena?

-Delile

• Asebenza kanjani amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo
• Inhlanganisela yamaphilisi wokulawula ukubeletha ephansi
• Imiphumela yamaphilisi wokulawula ukubeletha wezinga eliphansi
• Amaphilisi okulawula ukuzalwa anezinga eliphansi kuphela
• Imiphumela yamaphayiphu amancane wedosi ephansi
• Izici zobungozi okufanele uzicabangele
• Ukudla okudlela endlini

Ukubuka konke

Amaphilisi okulawula inzalo abe yindlela ehamba phambili yokuvimbela ukukhulelwa e-United States selokhu avunywa yi-U.S.Ukuphathwa Kwezokudla Nezidakamizwa (i-FDA) ngo-1960. Ziyasebenza, zifinyeleleka kalula, futhi azibizi.

Amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha ngokuvamile abhekwa njengaphephile kwabesifazane abaningi. Ngenkathi benezingozi ezithile, amaphilisi amasha wokulawula ukubeletha amasha anganciphisa lezo zingozi.

Amaphilisi amaningi okulawula ukubeletha namuhla abhekwa njengomthamo ophansi. Lokhu kufaka kokubili amaphilisi okuhlanganiswa (i-estrogen ne-progestin) kanye ne-minipill (i-progestin kuphela).

Amaphilisi anomthamo ophansi aqukethe ama-micrograms ayi-10 kuya kwangama-30 (mcg) we-hormone estrogen. Amaphilisi ane-10 mcg ye-estrogen kuphela ahlukaniswa njenge-ultra-low-dose. I-Estrogen isemaphilisi amaningi okulawula ukubeletha, futhi ixhunyaniswe nengozi eyengeziwe yezinkinga zempilo, njengamahlule egazi nokushaywa unhlangothi.

Okuhlukile yi-minipill. Itholakala kumthamo owodwa kuphela oqukethe i-35 mcg ye-progestin.

Amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha angewona umthamo ophansi angaqukatha kufika ku-50 noma i-mcg ye-estrogen. Lezi zivame ukusetshenziswa namuhla, njengoba amanani aphansi ayatholakala. Ngokuqhathanisa, iphilisi lokuqala ukungena emakethe laliqukethe.

Asebenza kanjani amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo

Ama-hormone estrogen ne-progesterone akhombisa umzimba wakho ukuthi ukhiqize amaqanda futhi ulungiselele ukukhulelwa.

Uma isidoda singavundisi iqanda, amazinga ala mahomoni awela kakhulu. Ngokuphendula, isibeletho sakho sichitha ulwelwesi olwakhile. Lolu lindi luchithwa ngesikhathi sakho.

Amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha aqukethe inhlanganisela ye-estrogen yokwenziwa ne-progesterone yokwenziwa noma i-progesterone yokwenziwa yodwa. Le nguqulo eyenziwe ngabantu ye-progesterone yaziwa nangokuthi i-progestin.

I-Estrogen ne-progestin zisebenza ngezindlela ezahlukene ukuvimbela ukukhulelwa. Zombili zisebenza ukuvimbela indlala yamapayipi ekukhiqizeni ama-hormone abangela ukuvuthwa kweqanda.

Iprogestin ibuye iqine isikhwehlela sakho somlomo wesibeletho, okwenza kube nzima ukuthi isidoda sifinyelele kunoma yimaphi amaqanda akhishiwe. Iprogestin inciphisa ulwelwesi lwesibeletho futhi. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuthi iqanda lifakwe lapho uma isidoda silifaka.

Inhlanganisela yamaphilisi wokulawula ukubeletha ephansi

Inhlanganisela yamaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha aqukethe i-estrogen ne-progestin. Uma zithathwa ngendlela efanele, amaphilisi okuhlanganiswa kokulawula ukubeletha asebenza ngamaphesenti angama-99.7 ekuvikeleni ukukhulelwa okungafuneki. Ngokusetshenziswa okujwayelekile, njengokulahlekelwa imithamo embalwa, isilinganiso sokwehluleka simayelana.

Imikhiqizo ejwayelekile yamaphilisi wokulawulwa kokubeletha aphansi afaka:

• I-apri (desogestrel ne-ethinyl estradiol)
• I-Aviane (levonorgestrel ne-ethinyl estradiol)
• I-Levlen 21 (levonorgestrel ne-ethinyl estradiol)
• I-Levora (i-levonorgestrel ne-ethinyl estradiol)
• I-Lo Loestrin Fe (i-norethindrone acetate ne-ethinyl estradiol)
• I-Lo / Ovral (i-norgestrel ne-ethinyl estradiol)
• I-Ortho-Novum (norethindrone ne-ethinyl estradiol)
• I-Yasmin (i-drospirenone ne-ethinyl estradiol)
• I-Yaz (drospirenone ne-ethinyl estradiol)

ILo Loestrin Fe empeleni ibhekwa njengephilisi elinomthamo ophansi kakhulu, njengoba liqukethe kuphela i-10 mcg ye-estrogen.

Imiphumela yamaphilisi wokulawula ukubeletha wezinga eliphansi

Kunezinzuzo eziningi zokuthatha iphilisi lenhlanganisela yedosi ephansi:

• Izikhathi zakho kungenzeka ukuthi zivame kakhulu.
• Izikhathi zakho zingase zibe lula.
• Noma yikuphi ukunyakaza kokuya esikhathini okungahle kube nzima kakhulu.
• Ungahle ungabi nesifo esibi sangaphambi kokuya esikhathini (PMS).
• Kungenzeka ukuthi ungeze ukuvikelwa ezifweni ezivuvukala okhalweni (PID).
• Ungaba nengozi encishisiwe yama-ovarian cysts, umdlavuza we-ovari, nomdlavuza we-endometrium.

Kunezinkinga ezithile zokuthatha iphilisi lokuhlanganisa eliphansi, noma kunjalo. Lokhu kungafaka:

• ingozi eyengeziwe yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo
• ingozi eyengeziwe yokushaywa unhlangothi
• ingozi eyengeziwe yamahlule egazi
• ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa ubisi, yingakho odokotela bengalincomi leli philisi uma uncelisa

Eminye imiphumela emibi ingafaka:

• isicanucanu
• ukuhlanza
• ikhanda
• amabele amathenda
• ukushintsha kwesisindo
• ukudana
• ukukhathazeka

Amaphilisi okulawula ukuzalwa anezinga eliphansi kuphela

Iphilisi le-progestin kuphela livame ukubizwa nge- “minipill.” Lolu hlobo lokulawulwa kokubeletha lusebenza ngamaphesenti angama-99.7 uma luthathwe kahle. Izinga elijwayelekile lokuhluleka limayelana.

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo noma ungayithathi i-minipill ngasikhathi sinye usuku ngalunye, ithuba lakho lokukhulelwa likhulu kunalokho obekungaba khona uma usebenzisa amaphilisi okuhlanganisa omthamo ophansi. Lapho amapayipi amancane engathathwanga kahle, ukusebenza kwawo kuba phansi kakhulu.

Yize ama-minipill ekhiqiza imiphumela emibi, ikakhulukazi ukuphuma kwegazi noma ukubona phakathi kwezikhathi, imiphumela emibi ivame ukuthuthuka noma inyamalale ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa. Ama-minipill nawo anganciphisa ubude besikhathi sakho.

Imikhiqizo ejwayelekile yamaphilisi wokulawula ukubeletha we-progestin kuphela aphansi afaka:

• UCamila
• U-Errin
• UHeather
• Jolivette
• I-Micronor
• Nora-BE

La maphilisi aqukethe uhlobo lwe-progesterone olubizwa nge-norethindrone.

Imiphumela yamaphayiphu amancane wedosi ephansi

Amaphilisi e-progestin kuphela angaba yindlela enhle uma unezinto ezinobungozi ezikuvimbela ekuthatheni i-estrogen, njengokubhema noma umlando wesifo senhliziyo.

Kunezinye izinzuzo zamaphilisi we-progestin-dose ephansi kuphela:

• Ungabathatha uma uncelisa.
• Zinciphisa ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza we-endometrium noma i-PID.
• Ungaba nezikhathi ezimbalwa.
• Ungahle uzizwe ucindezelwa kancane.

Ububi bamaphilisi we-progestin-dose ephansi kuphela angafaka:

• ukubona phakathi kwezikhathi
• izinkathi ezingajwayelekile ngokwengeziwe

Eminye imiphumela emibi ifaka phakathi:

• ukuqunjelwa
• ukuzuza kwesisindo
• amabele abuhlungu
• ikhanda
• ukudana
• ama-cysts ama-ovari

Ucwaningo lwabesifazane abacishe babe ngu-1 000 e-New York University Langone Medical Center luthole ukuthi abesifazane abaphuza amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha abanomthamo ophansi banamathuba amaningi okuzwa ubuhlungu nokungakhululeki ngesikhathi socansi kunabesifazane abaphuza amaphilisi ajwayelekile okulawula ukubeletha.

Izici zobungozi okufanele uzicabangele

Akufanele uthathe noma imaphi amaphilisi okulawula inzalo uma:

• abakhulelwe
• bangaphezu kuka-35 futhi bayabhema
• unomlando wesifo senhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, noma amahlule egazi
• Njengamanje unomlando womdlavuza webele noma unawo
• unezimpawu zekhanda eline-aura
• ube nomfutho wegazi ophezulu, noma ngabe ulawulwa yimithi

Ukudla okudlela endlini

Uma uthatha amaphilisi akho okulawula ukubeletha ngasikhathi sinye nsuku zonke, iphilisi lokulawula ukubeletha eliphansi noma le-progestin kuphela lingakulungela.

Odokotela abaningi bancoma amaphilisi e-progestin kuphela uma uncelisa. I-minipill ivame ukusetshenziswa kuleli cala ngoba iqukethe i-progestin kuphela.

Uma ungakhuthele kangako ngokuphuza amaphilisi akho ngasikhathi sinye nsuku zonke, ungathola ukuthi okunye okukhethwa kukho okufana nokufakwa kokuvimbela inzalo, umjovo, noma amadivayisi we-intrauterine kuyindlela engcono.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngomlando wakho wezempilo kanye nezinhloso zakho zokulawula ukuzalwa. Ngokubambisana, ningakhetha inketho engcono kakhulu yokulawula ukubeletha.