Ukwenza Izinqumo Zokusekela Impilo

-Delile

• Kuyini ukusekelwa kwempilo?
• Izinhlobo zokusekelwa kwempilo
• Imishini yokuphefumula
• Ukuvuselelwa kweCardiopulmonary (CPR)
• Ukwehliswa kwesibindi
• Ukudla okunomsoco
• Idivayisi yokusiza ye-ventricular engakwesokunxele (i-LVAD)
• Ulwelwesi lwe-extracorporeal oxygenation (ECMO)
• Ukuqala ukwesekwa kwempilo
• Ukumisa ukwesekwa kwempilo
• Imiphumela yezibalo
• Ukuthatha

Kuyini ukusekelwa kwempilo?

Igama elithi "ukwesekwa ngempilo" libhekisa kunoma iyiphi inhlanganisela yemishini nemithi egcina umzimba womuntu uphila lapho izitho zawo zingayeka ukusebenza.

Imvamisa abantu basebenzisa amagama athi life support ukubhekisa kumshini wokungenisa umoya osiza ukuphefumula noma ngabe ulimele kakhulu noma ugula amaphaphu akho ukuthi aqhubeke nokusebenza.

Enye imbangela yesidingo somshini wokuphefumula ukulimala ebuchosheni okungavumeli umuntu ukuthi avikele umoya wakhe noma aqale ukuphefumula ngempumelelo.

Ukusekelwa kwempilo yikhona okunikeza odokotela amandla okwenza ukuhlinza okunzima. Kungangeza nempilo kubantu abasalulama ekulimaleni okubuhlungu. Ukusekelwa kwempilo nakho kungaba yinto ehlala njalo yokuthi abanye abantu bahlale bephila.

Kunabantu abaningi abanemishini yokuphefumula ephathekayo futhi abaqhubeka nokuphila impilo ejwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, abantu abasebenzisa ithuluzi lokusekela impilo abalulami njalo. Bangase bangaphinde bathole amandla okuphefumula nokusebenza bodwa.

Uma umuntu osebenzisa umshini wokuphefumula esesimeni eside sokuquleka, lokhu kungabeka amalungu omndeni esimweni esinzima sokukhetha ukuthi lowo amthandayo kufanele aqhubeke nokuhlala esimweni sokungazi ngosizo lomshini.

Izinhlobo zokusekelwa kwempilo

Imishini yokuphefumula

Lapho izimpawu zenyumoniya, i-COPD, i-edema, noma ezinye izimo zamaphaphu zikwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula wedwa, isisombululo sesikhashana ukusebenzisa umshini wokuphefumula. Kubizwa nangokuthi umshini wokuphefumula.

Umshini wokuphefumula uthatha umsebenzi wokunikeza ukuphefumula nokusiza ngokushintshaniswa kwegesi ngenkathi wonke umzimba wakho uthola ikhefu futhi ungasebenza ekwelapheni.

Ama-respirator asetshenziswa nasezigabeni zakamuva zezimo zezempilo ezingamahlalakhona, njengesifo sikaLou Gehrig noma ukulimala komgogodla.

Abantu abaningi abadinga ukusebenzisa umshini wokuphefumula baba ngcono futhi bangaphila ngaphandle kwawo. Kwezinye izimo, ukwesekwa kwempilo kuba yisidingo saphakade sokugcina umuntu ephila.

Ukuvuselelwa kweCardiopulmonary (CPR)

I-CPR iyindlela eyisisekelo yosizo lokuqala yokonga impilo yomuntu lapho eyeka ukuphefumula. Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo, ukuminza nokucwila umoya yizona zimo lapho umuntu omiswe ukuphefumula angahlengwa khona nge-CPR.

Uma udinga i-CPR, umuntu onikeza i-CPR ucindezela phansi esifubeni sakho ukugcina igazi lakho lishaya ngenhliziyo yakho ngenkathi uqulekile. Ngemuva kwe-CPR ephumelele, udokotela noma ophendulayo kuqala uzohlola ukuthi ngabe ezinye izinhlobo zezindlela zokusekela impilo noma ukwelashwa ziyadingeka.

Ukwehliswa kwesibindi

I-defibrillator ingumshini osebenzisa ukushaya ngamandla okubukhali kagesi ukushintsha isigqi senhliziyo yakho. Lo mshini ungasetshenziswa ngemuva komcimbi wenhliziyo, njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma i-arrhythmia.

I-defibrillator ingenza inhliziyo yakho ishaye ngokujwayelekile naphezu kwesimo sempilo esingaphansi esingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu.

Ukudla okunomsoco

Eyaziwa nangokuthi "ukusuthisa ngamashubhu," umsoco wokufakelwa uthatha indawo yesenzo sokudla nokuphuza ngeshubhu efaka ngqo umsoco emzimbeni wakho.

Lokhu akukhona ngempela ukusekelwa kwempilo, njengoba kunabantu abanezinkinga zokugaya noma zokondla abaphilile ngenye indlela abangathembela ekondlekeni okufakelwayo.

Kodwa-ke, umsoco wokufakelwa imvamisa uyingxenye yohlelo lokusekelwa kwempilo lapho umuntu equlekile noma engakwazi ukuhlala ngaphandle kosizo lokuphefumula.

Ukudla okunomsoco kungasiza ekugcineni impilo ekugcineni kwezimo ezithile zokugcina.

Idivayisi yokusiza ye-ventricular engakwesokunxele (i-LVAD)

I-LVAD isetshenziswa ezimweni zokwehluleka kwenhliziyo. Kuwumshini osebenzayo osiza i-ventricle yangakwesokunxele ekupompeleni igazi emzimbeni.

Kwesinye isikhathi i-LVAD iyadingeka lapho umuntu elindele ukufakelwa inhliziyo. Ayithathi indawo yenhliziyo. Kusiza nje ukupompa kwenhliziyo.

Ama-LVAD angaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu, ngakho-ke umuntu osohlwini lokufakelwa kwenhliziyo angakhetha ukungafakwa okukodwa ngemuva kokuhlola isikhathi sabo sokulinda kanye nobungozi nodokotela wabo.

Ulwelwesi lwe-extracorporeal oxygenation (ECMO)

I-ECMO ibizwa nangokuthi ukwesekwa kwempilo yangaphandle (ECLS). Lokhu kungenxa yekhono lomshini lokwenza umsebenzi wamaphaphu (i-veno-venous ECMO) noma kokubili inhliziyo namaphaphu (i-veno-arterial ECMO).

Isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezingathuthukile kahle ezinhlelweni zenhliziyo nemithambo yokuphefumula ngenxa yokuphazamiseka okukhulu. Izingane kanye nabantu abadala nabo bangadinga i-ECMO.

I-ECMO imvamisa ukwelashwa okusetshenziswe ngemuva kokuthi ezinye izindlela zehlulekile, kepha kungasebenza impela. Njengoba inhliziyo namaphaphu omuntu kuqina, umshini ungabuyiselwa phansi ukuvumela umzimba womuntu ukuthi uthathe izintambo.

Kwezinye izimo, i-ECMO ingasetshenziswa ekuqaleni ekwelashweni ukuvimbela ukulimala kwamaphaphu kusuka kuzilungiselelo eziphezulu zomoya.

Ukuqala ukwesekwa kwempilo

Odokotela baqala ukwesekwa ngempilo uma kusobala ukuthi umzimba wakho udinga usizo ukusekela impilo yakho eyisisekelo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi:

• ukwehluleka komzimba
• ukulahleka kwegazi
• ukutheleleka osekuba yimbudumbudu

Uma ushiye imiyalo ebhaliwe ongafuni ukuyifaka ekusekelweni kwempilo, udokotela ngeke aqale inqubo. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezijwayelekile zemiyalo:

• ungavuseleli (DNR)
• vumela ukufa kwemvelo (FUTHI)

Nge-DNR, ngeke uvuselelwe noma unikezwe ishubhu lokuphefumula uma kwenzeka uyeka ukuphefumula noma uhlangabezane nokuboshwa kwenhliziyo.

Ngo-AND, udokotela uzovumela imvelo ukuthi iqhubeke noma ngabe udinga ukungenelela kwezokwelapha ukuze uhlale uphila. Yonke imizamo izokwenziwa ukukugcina ukhululekile futhi ungenazinhlungu, noma kunjalo.

Ukumisa ukwesekwa kwempilo

Ngobuchwepheshe bokusekela impilo, sinamandla okugcina abantu bephila isikhathi eside kakhulu kunangaphambili. Kepha kunezimo lapho izinqumo ezinzima ngokusekelwa kwempilo zingaphumula kubathandekayo bomuntu.

Lapho umsebenzi wobuchopho womuntu usuma, alikho ithuba lokululama. Ezimweni lapho kungatholakali khona umsebenzi wobuchopho, udokotela angancoma ukucisha umshini wokuphefumula nokuyeka ukudla okunomsoco.

Udokotela uzoqhuba izivivinyo eziningana ukuze aqiniseke ngokuphelele ukuthi alikho ithuba lokululama ngaphambi kokwenza lesi sincomo.

Ngemuva kokucisha ukwesekwa kwempilo, umuntu ofile ebuchosheni uzofa kungakapheli mizuzu, ngoba ngeke akwazi ukuziphefumulela.

Uma umuntu esesimweni semifino unomphela kepha engafanga ebuchosheni, impilo yakhe kungenzeka ukuthi iqukethe uketshezi nokondleka. Uma lokhu kumiswa, kungathatha noma yikuphi kusuka emahoreni ambalwa kuya ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ukuthi izitho zomuntu ezibalulekile zivale ngokuphelele.

Uma ucabanga ukuthi ungakucima yini ukwesekwa kwempilo, ziningi izinto ezidlalayo. Ungafisa ukucabanga ngalokho umuntu abeyofuna. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukwahlulela okufakwa esikhundleni.

Enye indlela ukubheka ukuthi yini esebenzela isithandwa sakho bese uzama ukuthatha isinqumo ngokusekelwe kulokho.

Akunandaba, lezi zinqumo zingezomuntu uqobo. Zizohluka futhi ngokuya ngesimo sempilo salowo okukhulunywa ngaye.

Imiphumela yezibalo

Awekho ngempela amamethrikhi athembekile ephesenti labantu abaphila ngemuva kokuxhaswa noma ukuhoxiswa kwempilo.

Izimbangela eziyisisekelo zokuthi kungani abantu beqhubeka nokuxhaswa ngempilo kanye neminyaka abakuyo lapho kudingeka ukwesekwa kwempilo kwenza kube nzima ukubala imiphumela.

Kepha siyazi ukuthi izimo ezithile ezicashile zinemiphumela emihle yesikhathi eside noma ngabe umuntu esethole ukwesekwa ngempilo.

Izibalo ziphakamisa ukuthi abantu abadinga i-CPR ngemuva kokuboshwa inhliziyo bangalulama ngokugcwele. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma i-CPR abayitholayo inikezwa kahle futhi ngokushesha.

Ngemuva kwesikhathi esichithwe kumshini ophefumula ngomshini, ukuqagela isikhathi sokuphila kuba nzima ukusiqonda. Uma ukuphefumula ngomshini njengengxenye yesimo sokuphela kwesikhathi eside, amathuba akho okusinda ngaphandle kwawo aqala ukwehla.

Abantu bayasinda ekuthatheni umshini wokuphefumula ngaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela. Kwenzekani ngemuva kwalokho kuyehluka ngokuya ngokuxilongwa.

Eqinisweni, ocwaningweni olutholakele luphethe ngokuthi kudingeka izifundo eziningi ngemiphumela yesikhathi eside yabantu abebenomshini wokuphefumula ngomshini.

Ukuthatha

Akekho ofuna ukuzizwa sengathi "konke kukubo" njengoba benza isinqumo ngokusekelwa kwempilo kothandekayo. Kungenye yezimo ezinzima kakhulu nezingokomzwelo ongazithola ukuzo.

Khumbula ukuthi akusona isinqumo sokususa ukwesekwa kwempilo okuzobangela ukuthi othandekayo wakho adlule emhlabeni; yisimo sezempilo esiyisisekelo. Leso simo asibangelwa nguwe noma isinqumo sakho.

Ukukhuluma namanye amalungu omndeni, umfundisi wasesibhedlela, noma umelaphi kubaluleke kakhulu ngezikhathi zosizi nokwenza izinqumo ezicindezelayo. Ungacindezelwa ukuthi uthathe isinqumo mayelana nokusekelwa ngempilo wena noma umuntu okwenzela lokho ngeke akhululeke.