ISchistosomiasis

ISchistosomiasis ukutheleleka okunohlobo lwegciwane lesifo segazi elibizwa ngokuthi ama-schistosomes.

Ungathola ukutheleleka nge-schistosoma ngokuxhumana namanzi angcolile. Lesi silokazane sibhukuda ngokukhululekile emizimbeni evulekile yamanzi amasha.

Lapho lesi silokazane sihlangana nabantu, sizigaxa esikhunjeni bese sikhula siye kwesinye isigaba. Bese, iya emaphashini nasesibindi, lapho ikhula iye esimweni somsundu esidala.

Isibungu esidala bese siya engxenyeni yomzimba esiyithandayo, kuya ngohlobo lwaso. Lezi zindawo zifaka phakathi:

• Isinye
• I-Rectum
• Amathumbu
• Isibindi
• Imithambo ethwala igazi lisuka emathunjini liyise esibindini
• Ubende
• Amaphaphu

ISchistosomiasis ayivamisile ukubonwa e-United States ngaphandle kwabahambi ababuyayo noma abantu bakwamanye amazwe abanesifo manje abahlala e-US. Kuvamile ezindaweni eziningi ezishisayo nezishisayo emhlabeni wonke.

Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka ngezinhlobo zesibungu kanye nesigaba sokutheleleka.

• Amagciwane amaningi angadala umkhuhlane, amakhaza, ama-lymph node avuvukile, nokuvuvukala kwesibindi nobende.
• Lapho isibungu singena kuqala esikhunjeni, singadala ukulunywa nokuqubuka (swimmer's itch). Kulesi simo, i-schistosome ibhujiswa ngaphakathi kwesikhumba.
• Izimpawu zamathumbu zifaka phakathi ubuhlungu besisu nohudo (okungaba negazi).
• Izimpawu zomchamo zingabandakanya ukuchama kaningi, ukuchama okubuhlungu, negazi emchameni.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokuhlola. Ukuhlolwa okungenziwa kufaka phakathi:

• Ukuhlolwa kwama-antibody ukuhlola izimpawu zokutheleleka
• Isicubu sezicubu
• Qedela ukubalwa kwegazi (CBC) ukuhlola izimpawu zokushoda kwegazi
• Ukubalwa kwe-Eosinophil ukukala inani lamaseli amhlophe athile egazi
• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwezinso
• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi
• Ukuhlolwa kwendle ukufuna amaqanda ezinambuzane
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo ukubheka amaqanda ezinambuzane

Lokhu kutheleleka kuvame ukwelashwa nge-praziquantel noma i-oxamniquine. Lokhu kuvame ukunikezwa kanye nama-corticosteroids. Uma ukutheleleka kunzima noma kuhilela ubuchopho, ama-corticosteroids anganikezwa kuqala.

Ukwelashwa ngaphambi kokulimala okukhulu noma izinkinga ezinzima kwenzeka kaningi kuveza imiphumela emihle.

Lezi zinkinga zingenzeka:

• Umdlavuza wesinye
• Ukwehluleka kwezinso okungamahlalakhona
• Ukulimala kwesibindi okungapheli kanye nobende obukhulisiwe
• Colon (amathumbu amakhulu) ukuvuvukala
• Ukuvaleka kwezinso nesinye
• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme emithanjeni yamaphaphu (umfutho wegazi ophakeme wamaphaphu)
• Ukutheleleka okuphindaphindiwe kwegazi, uma amagciwane engena egazini ngokusebenzisa ikholoni ecasukile
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo emaceleni angakwesokudla
• Ukuquleka

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma uba nezimpawu ze-schistosomiasis, ikakhulukazi uma une:

• Uhanjiswe endaweni eshisayo noma efudumele lapho isifo saziwa khona
• Uvezwe emzimbeni wamanzi ongcolile noma okungenzeka angcolisiwe

Landela lezi zinyathelo ukugwema ukuthola lesi sifo:

• Gwema ukubhukuda noma ukugeza emanzini angcolile noma okungenzeka angcoliswe.
• Gwema imizimba yamanzi uma ungazi ukuthi aphephile yini.

Iminenke ingasingatha lesi silokazane. Ukususa iminenke emizimbeni yamanzi asetshenziswa ngabantu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukutheleleka.

Bilharzia; Umkhuhlane weKatayama; Ukuluma kokubhukuda; Ukuqhuma kwegazi; Umkhuhlane womnenke

• Ukulunywa ukubhukuda
• Amasosha omzimba

UBogitsh BJ, uCarter CE, u-Oeltmann TN. Kuqubuka igazi. Ku: Bogitsh BJ, Carter CE, Oeltmann TN, eds. I-Parasitology Yabantu. Umhlaka 5. ILondon, e-UK: I-Elsevier Academic Press; 2019: isahluko 11.

UCarvalho EM, uLima AAM. ISchistosomiasis (bilharziasis). Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-25. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 355.