I-Arnold-Chiari syndrome: kuyini, izinhlobo, izimpawu nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Yelashwa kanjani

I-Arnold-Chiari syndrome iyinkinga engavamile yezakhi zofuzo lapho uhlelo oluphakathi lwezinzwa luyekethiswa khona futhi lungaholela ebunzimeni bokulinganisela, ukulahleka kokuhlanganiswa kwezimoto nezinkinga zokubuka.

Lokhu kungalungi kuvame kakhulu kwabesifazane futhi kuvame ukwenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhula kombungu, lapho, ngesizathu esingaziwa, i-cerebellum, okuyingxenye yobuchopho obhekene nokulingana, ikhula ngokungafanele. Ngokuya ngokuthuthuka kwe-cerebellum, i-Arnold-Chiari syndrome ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezine:

• I-Chiari I: Luhlobo oluvame kakhulu futhi olubhekwe kakhulu ezinganeni futhi lwenzeka lapho i-cerebellum ifinyelela ku-orifice ezansi kogebhezi, olubizwa nge-foramen magnum, lapho kufanele khona kudlule kuphela umgogodla kuphela;
• UChiari II: Kwenzeka lapho ngaphezu kwe-cerebellum, i-brainstem nayo ifinyelela ku-foramen magnum. Lolu hlobo lwe-malformation luvame ukubonakala ezinganeni ezine-spina bifida, okuhambelana nokwehluleka kokukhula komgogodla kanye nezakhiwo eziwuvikelayo. Funda nge-spina bifida;
• UChiari III: Kwenzeka lapho isiqu se-cerebellum nobuchopho, ngaphezu kokunwebeka ku-foramen magnum, kufinyelela emthonjeni womgogodla, lokhu kungalungi kuyinkinga enkulu kakhulu, yize kuyivelakancane;
• UChiari IV: Lolu hlobo nalo aluvamile futhi aluhambisani nempilo futhi lwenzeka lapho kungekho ntuthuko noma lapho kunokuthuthuka okungaphelele kwe-cerebellum.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngokususelwa ezivivinyweni ze-imaging, ezinjenge-magnetic resonance imaging noma i-computed tomography, kanye nezivivinyo ze-neurological, lapho udokotela enza izivivinyo zokuhlola amandla womuntu namandla wezinzwa, ngaphezu kokulinganisela.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Ezinye izingane ezizalwa zinale malformation kungenzeka zingakhombisi izimpawu noma zivele lapho zifinyelela ebusheni noma ebudaleni, zivame kakhulu kusukela eminyakeni engama-30. Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngezinga lokukhubazeka kwesistimu yezinzwa, futhi kungaba:

• Ubuhlungu bomlomo wesibeletho;
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha;
• Kunzima ukulinganisela;
• Shintsha ekuxhumaneni;
• Ukulahlekelwa umuzwa nokuba ndikindiki;
• Ukuguqulwa okubonakalayo;
• Isiyezi;
• Ukunyuka kwenhliziyo.

Lokhu kungalungi kuvame ukwenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhula kombungu, kepha kungenzeka, kuyaqabukela, empilweni yabantu abadala ngenxa yezimo ezinganciphisa inani le-cerebrospinal fluid, njengokutheleleka, ukushaywa ekhanda noma ukuvezwa kwezinto ezinobuthi .

Ukuxilongwa ngudokotela wezifo zemizwa okususelwa kuzimpawu ezibikwe ngumuntu, izivivinyo zemizwa, ezivumela ukuhlolwa kwezimo, ukulinganisela nokuxhumanisa, kanye nokuhlaziywa kwe-computed tomography noma i-magnetic resonance imaging.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngokuya ngezimpawu nobukhulu bazo futhi kuhlose ukunciphisa izimpawu nokuvikela ukuqhubeka kwesifo. Uma kungekho zimpawu, imvamisa asikho isidingo sokwelashwa. Kwezinye izimo, noma kunjalo, ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yokuqeda izinhlungu kunganconywa yisazi sezinzwa, njenge-Ibuprofen, isibonelo.

Lapho izimpawu zivela futhi zinzima kakhulu, ziphazamisa izinga lomuntu lokuphila, udokotela wezinzwa angancoma inqubo yokuhlinzwa, eyenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile, ukuze kunciphise intambo yomgogodla futhi kuvumele ukusakazwa koketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal fluid. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-physiotherapy noma ukwelashwa emsebenzini kunganconywa yi-neurologist ukwenza ngcono ukuhlangana kwezimoto, ukukhuluma nokuxhumana.