Kuyini ukuqala ukuya esikhathini, izimpawu nezimbangela eziyinhloko

-Delile

• Izimpawu nezimpawu zokuqala ukuya esikhathini
• Izimbangela zokuqala ukuya esikhathini
• Izivivinyo ezidingekayo
• Ukwelashwa kokuqala ukuya esikhathini

I-Menarche ifana nokuya esikhathini kokuqala kwentombazane, okuvame ukwenzeka ebusheni, phakathi kweminyaka eyi-9 nengu-15 ubudala, kepha okungahluka ngokuya ngempilo, izici ze-hormonal, ukuba khona kokukhuluphala nomlando wokuya esikhathini kwabesifazane bomndeni owodwa. Ihlukaniswa njenge:

• Ukuya esikhathini kokuqala: lapho ivela ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-8,
• Isikhathi sokuqala ukuya esikhathini: lapho ivela ngemuva kweminyaka engu-14.

Amaphesenti angaphezu kwesigamu amantombazane aseBrazil anenkathi yokuqala aze abe neminyaka eyi-13, kanti eneminyaka engu-14 ubudala amantombazane angaphezu kwama-90% asevele esesikhathini.Kodwa-ke, lapho intombazane iya esikhathini ingakayihlanganisi iminyaka engu-8, abazali kufanele bathathe intombazane bayiyise kudokotela wezingane ukuze baphenye ngokwenzekayo, ngoba kungenzeka kube nezifo ezithintekayo.

Izimpawu nezimpawu zokuqala ukuya esikhathini

Izimpawu zokuqala nezimpawu zokuqala ukuya esikhathini ukuqala, ngaphambi kweminyaka yobudala eyi-8, ye:

• Ukopha kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane;
• Ukuvuvukala komzimba okuncane;
• Izinwele ze-pubic;
• Ukwengezwa kwamabele;
• Ukwanda okhalweni;
• Ubuhlungu esifundeni sesisu futhi
• Izimpawu zengqondo, ezinjengokudabuka, ukucasuka noma ukuzwela okukhulu.

Intombazane ingabona futhi ukukhishwa kwemfihlo emhlophe noma ephuzi esithweni sangasese ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuya esikhathini.

Izimbangela zokuqala ukuya esikhathini

Ukuya esikhathini kokuqala kufike ngaphambili nangaphambilini. Ngaphambi kweminyaka yama-1970, ukuya esikhathini kokuqala kwakuphakathi kweminyaka eyi-16-17 ubudala, kepha muva nje amantombazane aseya esikhathini ngaphambili, kusukela eminyakeni eyi-9 emazweni amaningana, futhi izimbangela azicaci ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ezinye izimbangela zokuya esikhathini okungu-1 kusenesikhathi kakhulu yilezi:

• Akunasizathu esithile (amacala angama-80%);
• Ukukhuluphala okuncane kuya kokulinganisela kwengane;
• Kukhona ukusola kokuchayeka kupulasitiki oqukethe i-bisphenol A selokhu kwazalwa;
• Ukulimala kwesistimu yezinzwa eziphakathi, njenge-meningitis, i-encephalitis, i-cerebral cyst noma ukukhubazeka, isibonelo;
• Ngemuva kwemisebe esimisweni sezinzwa esiyinhloko;
• Isifo seMcCune-Albright;
• Izilonda ze-Ovarian ezinjenge-follicular cysts noma i-neoplasia;
• Izicubu ze-adrenal ezikhiqiza i-estrogen;
• I-hypothyroidism eyinhloko enamandla.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho intombazane ichayeka kuma-hormone e-estrogen isencane, amathuba okuya esikhathini ekuqaleni angakhuphuka. Ezinye izimo lapho intombazane ingavezwa khona yi-estrogens ifaka phakathi ukuthatha iphilisi lokulawula ukubeletha ngumama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye / noma ukuncelisa ibele, nokusebenzisa amafutha okuhlukanisa izindebe ezincane, uma kwenzeka i-phimosis yabesifazane, ngokwesibonelo.

Izivivinyo ezidingekayo

Lapho intombazane iba nokuya esikhathini kokuqala ingakayihlanganisi iminyaka engu-8, udokotela wezingane angase asole noma yiluphi ushintsho empilweni yakhe, futhi ngenxa yalesi sizathu ujwayele ukuhlola umzimba wentombazane ngokubheka ukukhula kwamabele, izinwele emakhwapheni nasemgodini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela anga-oda izivivinyo ezifana ne-LH, estrogen, TSH ne-T4, iminyaka yobudala bethambo, i-pelvic kanye ne-adrenal ultrasound.

Lapho isikhathi sakho sokuqala sifika ngaphambi kokuba ube neminyaka engu-6 ubudala, ungahle futhi u-oda izivivinyo ezinjenge-magnetic resonance imaging yesistimu yezinzwa emaphakathi ukuze uhlole izinguquko ezinkulu ezingadala ukuya esikhathini kungekudala.

Ukwelashwa kokuqala ukuya esikhathini

Imiphumela eyinhloko yokuya esikhathini ekuqaleni ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo nokuziphatha; ingozi eyengeziwe yokuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi; ubude obufushane njengomuntu omdala; ukwanda kwengozi yokukhuluphala ngokweqile, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, isifo senhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi nezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza, njengomdlavuza webele, ngenxa yokusheshe utholakale kwi-hormone estrogen.

Ngakho-ke, udokotela wezingane angaphakamisa ukuthi abazali baqhubeke nokwelashwa, babambezele ukuya esikhathini kwentombazane kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-12, besebenzisa imijovo yanyanga zonke noma yekota yehomoni eyenza ukuthomba kubuyele emuva. Lapho ukuya esikhathini kokuqala kusheshe kakhulu futhi kubangelwa yisifo esithile, kufanele kulashwe, futhi ukuya esikhathini kuyanyamalala, kubuye lapho ukwelashwa kumisiwe.