I-Meningococcemia: Izimbangela, Izimpawu, nokuningi

-Delile

• Yini ebangela i-meningococcemia?
• Ngubani okungenzeka athuthukise i-meningococcemia?
• Ziyini izimpawu ze-meningococcemia?
• I-meningococcemia itholakala kanjani?
• Yelashwa kanjani i-meningococcemia?
• Yiziphi izinkinga ezihambisana ne-meningococcemia?
• Ungayivimbela kanjani i-meningococcemia?

Kuyini i-meningococcemia?

I-Meningococcemia yisifo esingajwayelekile esidalwa yi I-Neisseria meningitidis amagciwane. Lolu uhlobo olufanayo lwama-bacteria olungadala i-meningitis.

Lapho amabhaktheriya engenela ulwelwesi olumboza ubuchopho nomgogodla, lubizwa ngokuthi i-meningitis. Lapho ukutheleleka kuhlala egazini kodwa kungathinti ubuchopho noma umgogodla, kubizwa ngokuthi i-meningococcemia.

Kungenzeka futhi ukuba ne-meningitis kanye ne-meningococcemia ngasikhathi sinye. Kulokhu, amabhaktheriya avela egazini kuqala bese edlulela ebuchosheni.

I-Neisseria meningitidis amabhaktheriya ajwayelekile emkhakheni ophezulu wokuphefumula futhi awubangeli ukugula. Yize noma ngubani angathola i-meningococcemia, kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni, ezinganeni nasebancane.

Ukutheleleka nge I-Neisseria meningitidis, noma ngabe iba yi-meningitis noma i-meningococcemia, kubhekwa njengesimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha futhi kudinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Yini ebangela i-meningococcemia?

I-Neisseria meningitidis, amabhaktheriya abangela i-meningococcemia, angaphila ngokungenangozi endaweni yakho yokuphefumula engenhla. Ukumane uvezwe kuleli gciwane akwanele ukudala izifo. Abantu abangafika emaphesentini ayi-10 bangaphatha la magciwane. Bangaphansi kwephesenti elilodwa labo bathwali abagulayo.

Umuntu onaleli gciwane angasabalalisa amabhaktheriya ngokukhwehlela nangokuthimula.

Ngubani okungenzeka athuthukise i-meningococcemia?

Cishe uhhafu wenani eliphelele lamacala ezifo ze-meningococcal zenzeka ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-4 ubudala. Leli nani lifaka phakathi i-meningitis ne-meningococcemia.

Uma usanda kuthuthela esimweni sokuhlala seqembu, esifana nendawo yokulala, maningi amathuba okuthi usithuthukise lesi simo. Uma uhlela ukungena esimeni esinjalo sokuphila, udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi ugonyelwe lesi simo.

Usengozini futhi uma uhlala noma usondelene kakhulu nomuntu onalesi sifo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho uma kunjalo. Bangakhetha ukukunikeza ama-antibiotic we-prophylactic, noma wokuvimbela.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-meningococcemia?

Ungaba nezimpawu ezimbalwa ekuqaleni. Izimpawu zokuqala ezijwayelekile zifaka:

• imfiva
• ikhanda
• ukuqubuka okuqukethe izindawo ezincane
• isicanucanu
• ukucasuka
• ukukhathazeka

Njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, ungaqala ukuba nezimpawu ezinkulu, kufaka phakathi:

• amahlule egazi
• amabala wokopha ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho
• ukukhathala
• ukushaqeka

Izimpawu ze-meningococcemia zingafana nezinye zezimo, kufaka phakathi i-Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF), i-toxic shock syndrome (TSS), ne-rheumatic fever (RF). Funda ngezimpawu ze-meningitis.

I-meningococcemia itholakala kanjani?

I-Meningococcemia ivame ukutholakala ngokuhlolwa kwegazi. Udokotela wakho uzothatha isampula yegazi lakho abese enza isiko legazi ukunquma ukuthi akhona yini amabhaktheriya.

Udokotela wakho angenza isiko esebenzisa uketshezi oluvela emgogodleni wakho esikhundleni segazi lakho. Kulokhu, ukuhlolwa kubizwa ngokuthi yisiko le-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Udokotela wakho uzothola i-CSF ngompompi womgogodla, noma ukubhoboza i-lumbar.

Ezinye izivivinyo udokotela wakho angazenza zifaka:

• isikhumba se-lesion biopsy
• isiko lomchamo
• ukuhlolwa kwegazi
• ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (CBC)

Yelashwa kanjani i-meningococcemia?

I-Meningococcemia kufanele yelashwe ngokushesha. Uzongeniswa esibhedlela futhi mhlawumbe ugcinwe egumbini elingalodwa ukuze unqande amagciwane ekusakazekeni.

Uzonikezwa ama-antibiotic ngomthambo ukuze uqale ukulwa nokutheleleka. Ungase futhi uthole uketshezi olufakwa emithanjeni (IV).

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zincike ezimpawu osuzenzile. Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula, uzothola i-oxygen. Uma umfutho wegazi lakho uba phansi kakhulu, ngokunokwenzeka uzothola imishanguzo. I-Fludrocortisone ne-midodrine yimithi emibili esetshenziselwa ukwelapha umfutho wegazi ophansi.

I-Meningococcemia ingaholela ekuphazamisekeni kokopha. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, udokotela wakho angakunika ukwelashwa okubuyisela iplatelet.

Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho futhi angafisa ukunikeza oxhumana nabo abaseduze be-prophylactic antibiotic, noma ngabe bengakhombisi zimpawu. Lokhu kungabavimbela ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo. Ama-antibiotic anqunyiwe angafaka i-rifampin (i-Rifadin), i-ciprofloxacin (i-Cipro), noma i-ceftriaxone (i-Rocephin).

Yiziphi izinkinga ezihambisana ne-meningococcemia?

I-Meningococcemia ingathinta amandla wegazi lakho lokujiya, okuholela ekuphazamisekeni kokopha.

Futhi kwesinye isikhathi kungenzeka nge-meningitis. Izinkinga ezihambisana ne-meningitis zibandakanya ukulahleka kwezindlebe, ukulimala kwengqondo, nesifo sokulimala. Kwezinye izimo, i-meningitis ingaba yingozi.

Ungayivimbela kanjani i-meningococcemia?

Ukwenza inhlanzeko enempilo kunganciphisa ubungozi bokutheleleka. Lokhu kubandakanya ukugeza izandla kahle nokumboza umlomo wakho namakhala lapho uthimula futhi ukhwehlela.

Ungasiza futhi ekunciphiseni ubungozi bokutheleleka ngokugwema abantu abakhwehlela, abathimulayo, noma abakhombisa ezinye izimpawu zokugula. Futhi, ungabelani ngezinto zakho siqu nabantu abagulayo. Lokhu kusho ukungabelani nganoma yini ehlangana nomlomo ngaphandle kokuthi igeziwe ngemuva kokugcina ukusetshenziswa kwayo.

Uma uvezwe kumuntu othelelekile, udokotela wakho angancoma ama-antibiotic wokuvikela. Lokhu kuzonciphisa amathuba akho okuthola lesi sifo.

Udokotela wakho angancoma ukuthi uthole umgomo. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zokugoma ezitholakala e-United States. Ukugonywa kunconywa kulabo abasengozini enkulu yokutheleleka, njengentsha, abafundi basekolishi, noma abantu abase bezongena esimeni sokuphila seqembu okokuqala ngqa. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nezindlela ongakhetha ukugoma ngazo.