Impilo Yengqondo Nokuncika Kwe-Opioid: Kuxhunyaniswa Kanjani?

-Delile

• Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo nama-opioid
• Ama-opioid nokudangala
• Yini ebangela ukuxhumana?
• Izingozi zokusetshenziswa kwe-opioid
• Ungakugwema kanjani ukuncika
• Nakekela impilo yakho yengqondo
• Landela izinkomba
• Bheka izimpawu zokuncika
• Ukudla okudlela endlini

Ama-opioid ayisigaba sokudambisa izinhlungu okunamandla kakhulu. Kubandakanya izidakamizwa ezifana ne-OxyContin (i-oxycodone), i-morphine, ne-Vicodin (i-hydrocodone ne-acetaminophen). Ngo-2017, odokotela base-United States babhala okuningi kunale mithi.

Odokotela ngokujwayelekile banikeza ama-opioid ukudambisa izinhlungu ngemuva kokuhlinzwa noma ukulimala. Ngenkathi le mithi ingukuqeda izinhlungu okusebenzayo, ibuye ibe nomlutha kakhulu.

Abantu abanesimo sempilo yengqondo njengokucindezeleka noma ukukhathazeka maningi amathuba okuthola imiyalo ye-opioid. Basengozini enkulu yokuthola ukuncika kule mithi.

Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo nama-opioid

Ukusetshenziswa kwama-opioid kuvame kakhulu kubantu abanezinkinga zempilo yengqondo. Cishe amaphesenti ayi-16 amaMelika anezinkinga zempilo yengqondo, kepha athola ngaphezu kwengxenye yayo yonke imiyalo ye-opioid.

Abantu abanezinkinga zemizwelo nokukhathazeka banamathuba aphindwe kabili okusebenzisa lezi zidakamizwa kunabantu abangenazo izinkinga zempilo yengqondo. Futhi zingaphezu kokusebenzisa kabi ama-opioid.

Ukuba nesifo sempilo yengqondo kwandisa amathuba okuhlala kuma-opioid isikhathi eside. Abantu abadala abanenkinga yemizwelo banamathuba aphindwe kabili okuthatha le mithi isikhathi eside kunaleyo engenayo inkinga yezempilo yengqondo.

Ama-opioid nokudangala

Ubudlelwano obubuyisanayo bukhona futhi. Ubufakazi bubonisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-opioid kungasiza ezinkingeni zempilo yengqondo.

Ucwaningo lwango-2016 kuma-Annals of Family Medicine luthole ukuthi cishe amaphesenti ayi-10 wabantu abebekhipha ama-opioid baba nengcindezi ngemuva kwenyanga bedle imishanguzo. Lapho basebenzisa ama-opioid isikhathi eside, baba sengozini enkulu yokuthola ukucindezeleka.

Yini ebangela ukuxhumana?

Kunezizathu ezimbalwa ezingaba khona zokuxhumana phakathi kwempilo yengqondo nokuncika kwe-opioid:

• Ubuhlungu buyisifo esivamile kubantu abanezinkinga zempilo yengqondo.
• Abantu abanokudangala nezinye izinkinga zempilo yengqondo bangasebenzisa ama-opioid ukuzelapha futhi babalekele izinkinga zabo.
• Ama-opioid kungenzeka angasebenzi kahle kubantu abanezifo zengqondo, okuholele ekutheni kube nesidingo semithamo emikhulu ekhulayo.
• Abantu abanesifo sengqondo bangaba nezakhi zofuzo ezandisa ingozi yokuba umlutha.
• Ukuhlukumezeka njengokuhlukunyezwa ngokomzimba noma ngokomzwelo kungaba nomthelela ekuguleni kwengqondo nasekugqilazweni yizidakamizwa.

Izingozi zokusetshenziswa kwe-opioid

Ngenkathi ama-opioid esebenza ngempumelelo ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu, angaholela ekuthembekeni ngokomzimba nokulutha. Ukuncika kusho ukuthi udinga umuthi ukuze usebenze kahle. Umlutha kulapho uqhubeka nokusebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa, noma ngabe sidala imiphumela emibi.

Ama-opioid akholelwa ukuthi ashintsha amakhemikhali obuchopho ngendlela ekwenza ukuthi udinge lezi zidakamizwa ngokwengeziwe ukuze uthole umphumela ofanayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuthatha imithamo ekhula ngokwengeziwe kuholela ekuthembekeni. Ukuzama ukuphuma kuma-opioid kungadala izimpawu zokuhoxa njengokujuluka, ukuqwasha, isicanucanu nokuhlanza.

Abantu abathatha ama-opioid amaningi bangagcina bengeqise ngokweqile.Nsuku zonke, abantu abangaphezu kwe-130 babulawa ukweqisa izidakamizwa e-opioid e-United States. Ngo-2017, bangaphezu kuka-47,000 abantu baseMelika ababulawa ukweqisa ngokweqile, ngokusho kweNational Institute on Drug Abuse. Ukuba nokugula ngengqondo kukhuphula izingqinamba zakho zokweqisa ngokweqile.

Ungakugwema kanjani ukuncika

Uma uhlala nokudangala, ukukhathazeka, noma esinye isimo sempilo yengqondo, nazi izinto ezimbalwa ongazenza ukuze ugweme ukuthembela kuma-opioid.

Nakekela impilo yakho yengqondo

Gwema ukusebenzisa ama-opioid njengokwelashwa kwezempilo yengqondo. Esikhundleni salokho, bheka udokotela wezifo zengqondo, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo, noma omunye uchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo ukuze axoxe ngolunye uhlobo lokwelashwa olungakusebenzela. Ukwelashwa kungabandakanya imishanguzo elwa nokudangala, ukwelulekwa ngokwengqondo, nokwesekwa emphakathini.

Landela izinkomba

Uma udinga ukuthatha ama-opioid ngemuva kokuhlinzwa noma ukulimala, sebenzisa kuphela inani elibekwe udokotela wakho. Uma usuqedile umthamo noma awusenabo ubuhlungu, yeka ukuthatha imithi. Ukuhlala kule mithi isikhathi esingaphansi kwamasonto amabili kukwenza ube mancane amathuba okuthi uncike kuyo.

Bheka izimpawu zokuncika

Uma uthatha imithamo emikhulu ye-opioid ukuthola umphumela oyifunayo, ungahle uncike. Ukushiya lesi sidakamizwa kuzoholela ezimpawu zokuhoxa njengokucasuka, ukukhathazeka, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo nokuqhaqhazela. Bona udokotela wakho noma uchwepheshe wezidakamizwa ukuze akusize uyeke ukusebenzisa le mithi.

Ukudla okudlela endlini

Ama-opioid aqeda izinhlungu ngempumelelo kakhulu. Zingaba usizo ekwelapheni ubuhlungu besikhashana, njengangemva kokuhlinzwa noma ukulimala. Kodwa-ke zingaholela ekuthembekeni noma ekuluthekeni lapho zisetshenziswa isikhathi eside.

Abantu abanokudangala nezinye izinkinga zempilo yengqondo maningi amathuba okuthi bathembele kuma-opioid. Ukusebenzisa ama-opioid nakho kungakhuphula ubungozi bokuba nenkinga yempilo yengqondo.

Uma unenkinga yezempilo yengqondo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha ama-opioid. Xoxa ngezingozi, bese ubuza ukuthi ngabe zikhona yini ezinye izindlela ongasizakala ngazo ongazizama.