IMyelomeningocele: kuyini, izimpawu, izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Yini ebangela i-myelomeningocele
• Yelashwa kanjani
• Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlinzwa
• Kungenzeka yini ukuhlinzwa esibelethweni?
• I-Physiotherapy ye-myelomeningocele
• Lapho ubuyela kudokotela

IMyelomeningocele uhlobo olubi kakhulu lwe-spina bifida, lapho amathambo omgogodla womntwana engakhuli kahle ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, okwenza ukuthi kuvele isikhwama ngemuva esiqukethe umgogodla, izinzwa nolwelwesi lwe-cerebrospinal.

Ngokuvamile, ukubukeka kwesikhwama se-myelomeningocele kuvame kakhulu ezansi ngemuva, kepha kungavela noma kuphi emgogodleni, okwenza ingane ilahlekelwe ukuzwela nokusebenza kwezitho ezingezansi kwendawo lapho kuguquke khona.

IMyelomeningocele ayinalo ikhambi ngoba, yize kungenzeka ukunciphisa isikhwama ngokuhlinzwa, izilonda ezibangelwa inkinga azikwazi ukuhlehliswa ngokuphelele.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Uphawu olukhulu lwe-myelomeningocele ukubonakala kwesikhwama emhlane wengane, noma kunjalo, ezinye izimpawu zifaka:

• Ubunzima noma ukungabikho kokuhamba emilenzeni;
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha;
• Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwela ekushiseni noma emakhazeni;
• Ukungavumelani kwe-Urinary ne-fecal;
• Ukukhubazeka emilenzeni noma ezinyaweni.

Imvamisa, ukuxilongwa kwe-myelomeningocele kwenziwa ngqo lapho ezalwa ngokubheka isikhwama emhlane wengane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela uvame ukucela izivivinyo ze-neurological ukuze ahlole noma yikuphi ukubandakanyeka kwemizwa.

Yini ebangela i-myelomeningocele

Imbangela ye-myelomeningocele ayikakasekelwa kahle, kepha kukholakala ukuthi ingumphumela wezici zofuzo nezemvelo, futhi imvamisa ihlobene nomlando wokukhubazeka komgogodla emndenini noma ekushodeni kwe-folic acid.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abesifazane abasebenzisa imishanguzo ethile ye-anticonvulsant ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, noma abanesifo sikashukela, ngokwesibonelo, banamathuba amaningi okuba ne-myelomeningocele.

Ukuvikela i-myelomeningocele, kubalulekile ukuthi abesifazane abakhulelwe bangeze i-folic acid ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngoba ngaphezu kokugwema i-myelomeningocele, ivimbela ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye ne-pre-eclampsia, ngokwesibonelo. Bona ukuthi ukwengezwa kwe-folic acid kufanele kwenziwe kanjani ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-myelomeningocele kuvame ukuqala phakathi kwamahora okuqala angama-48 ngemuva kokuzalwa ngokuhlinzwa ukulungisa ukuguqulwa emgogodleni futhi kuvimbele ukuqala kwezifo noma izilonda ezintsha emgogodleni, kunciphise uhlobo lwe-sequelae.

Yize ukwelashwa kwe-myelomeningocele ngokuhlinzwa kusebenza ekwelapheni ukulimala kwengane emgogodleni, akukwazi ukwelapha i-sequelae ingane ebinayo selokhu yazalwa. Okusho ukuthi, uma ingane izalwe ikhubazekile noma ingasebenzi, ngokwesibonelo, ngeke iselapheke, kepha izovimbela ukubonakala kwe-sequelae entsha engavela ekuvezeni umgogodla.

Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlinzwa

Ukuhlinzwa ukwelapha i-myelomeningocele kuvame ukwenziwa esibhedlela ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile futhi, kufanele, kwenziwe iqembu eliqukethe i-neurosurgeon kanye nodokotela ohlinzayo wepulasitiki. Lokho kungenxa yokuthi imvamisa ilandela isinyathelo ngasinye:

1. Umgogodla uvaliwe yi-neurosurgeon;
2. Imisipha yangemuva ivalwa ngudokotela ohlinzayo weplastiki kanye ne-neurosurgeon;
3. Isikhumba sivalwe ngudokotela ohlinzayo oseplastiki.

Imvamisa, njengoba kunesikhumba esincane esitholakala endaweni ye-myelomeningocele, udokotela ohlinzayo udinga ukususa ucezu lwesikhumba kwenye ingxenye yomhlane noma phansi wengane, ukwenza ingcaphuno nokuvala imbobo ngemuva.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, iningi lezingane ezine-myelomeningocele nazo zingakha i-hydrocephalus, okuyinkinga ebangela ukuqoqana okweqile koketshezi ngaphakathi kogebhezi, ngakho-ke, kungadingeka ukuthi kwenziwe ukuhlinzwa okusha ngemuva konyaka wokuqala wokuphila ukubeka uhlelo olusizayo ukukhipha uketshezi kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi i-hydrocephalus iphathwa kanjani.

Kungenzeka yini ukuhlinzwa esibelethweni?

Yize kungavamile, kwezinye izibhedlela, kunenketho yokuhlinzwa ukuze kuqedwe i-myelomeningocele ngaphambi kokuphela kokukhulelwa, kusengaphakathi kwesibeletho sowesifazane okhulelwe.

Lokhu kuhlinzwa kungenziwa cishe emasontweni angama-24, kepha kuyinqubo ebucayi kakhulu okufanele yenziwe kuphela ngudokotela ohlinzayo oqeqeshiwe, ogcina enze ukuhlinza kubize kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, imiphumela yokuhlinzwa esibelethweni ibonakala ingcono, ngoba mancane amathuba okuthi kulimale umgogodla omusha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

I-Physiotherapy ye-myelomeningocele

I-Physiotherapy ye-myelomeningocele kufanele yenziwe ngesikhathi sokukhula kanye nenqubo yokukhula kwengane ukugcina ukuphakama kwamalunga nokugwema ukubuthwa kwemisipha.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwelashwa ngokomzimba futhi kuyindlela enhle yokukhuthaza izingane ukuthi zibhekane nemikhawulo yazo, njengasendabeni yokukhubazeka, ukuzivumela ukuthi ziphile impilo ezimele, ngokusebenzisa izinduku noma isihlalo esinamasondo, isibonelo.

Lapho ubuyela kudokotela

Ngemuva kokuphuma kwengane esibhedlela kubalulekile ukuthi uye kudokotela lapho izimpawu ezinjengalezi:

• Imfiva engaphezu kuka-38ºC;
• Ukungabi nesifiso sokudlala nokunganaki;
• Ukubomvu endaweni yokuhlinzwa;
• Ukwehla kwamandla emilenzeni engathintekile;
• Ukuhlanza njalo;
• Indawo ethambile ekhanyayo.

Lezi zimpawu zingakhombisa izinkinga ezinkulu, njengokutheleleka noma i-hydrocephalus, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuya egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha okukhulu.