I-myocarditis

-Delile

• Yini i-myocarditis?
• Yini ebangela i-myocarditis?
• Amagciwane
• Amagciwane
• Isikhunta
• Izimuncagazi
• Izifo ezizimele
• Ziyini izimpawu?
• Kutholakala kanjani?
• Izinkinga ze-myocarditis
• Yelashwa kanjani i-myocarditis?
• Kungavinjelwa?
• Uyini umbono?

Yini i-myocarditis?

I-Myocarditis yisifo esikhonjiswe ukuvuvukala kwemisipha yenhliziyo eyaziwa njenge-myocardium - ungqimba lwemisipha yodonga lwenhliziyo. Lo msipha unesibopho sokuthola inkontileka nokuphumuza ukupompa igazi ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwenhliziyo nakuwo wonke umzimba.

Lapho lo msipha uvuvuka, ikhono lawo lokumpompa igazi liqala ukusebenza kancane. Lokhu kudala izinkinga njengokushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma ukuphefumula kanzima. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungadala amahlule egazi aholele ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi, kulimale inhliziyo ngokuhluleka kwenhliziyo, noma ukufa.

Imvamisa, ukuvuvukala kuyimpendulo yomzimba kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesilonda noma ukutheleleka. Cabanga lapho usika umunwe wakho: ngesikhathi esifushane, izicubu ezizungeze ukusika ziyavuvukala bese zibomvu, okuyizimpawu zakudala zokuvuvukala. Amasosha omzimba asemzimbeni wakho akhiqiza amaseli akhethekile okuphuthuma lapho kunesilonda khona nokulungiswa.

Kepha kwesinye isikhathi amasosha omzimba noma enye imbangela yokuvuvukala iholela ku-myocarditis.

Yini ebangela i-myocarditis?

Ezimweni eziningi, imbangela ngqo ye-myocarditis ayitholakali. Lapho kutholakala imbangela ye-myocarditis, imvamisa ukutheleleka okuye kwangena emisipheni yenhliziyo, njengokutheleleka ngegciwane (okuvame kakhulu) noma ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya, okuyisinanakazana, noma kwefungal.

Njengoba ukutheleleka kuzama ukubamba, amasosha omzimba ayalwa, azame ukuqeda lesi sifo. Lokhu kubangela impendulo yokuvuvukala enganciphisa izicubu zomzimba zenhliziyo. Ezinye izifo ezizimele, njenge-lupus (SLE), zingadala ukuthi amasosha omzimba aphendukele enhliziyweni, okuholele ekuvukeleni nasekulimaleni kwe-myocardial.

Kaningi kunzima ukucacisa kahle ukuthi yini ebanga i-myocarditis, kodwa izigameko ezingaba khona zifaka izimbangela ezilandelayo.

Amagciwane

Ngokusho kweMyocarditis Foundation, amagciwane angenye yezimbangela ezivame kakhulu ze-myocarditis esithathelwanayo. Amagciwane avame kakhulu ukudala i-myocarditis ahlanganisa iqembu le-Coxsackievirus B (i-enterovirus), i-Human Herpes Virus 6, ne-Parvovirus B19 (edala isifo sesihlanu).

Amanye amathuba afaka ama-echoviruses (aziwa ngokubangela ukutheleleka kwamathumbu), igciwane le-Epstein-Barr (elibangela i-mononucleosis esithathelwanayo), kanye negciwane leRubella (kubangela isimungumungwane saseJalimane).

Amagciwane

I-myocarditis nayo ingavela ku ukutheleleka nge-Staphylococcus aureus noma Corynebacterium diptheriae. I-Staphylococcus aureus yigciwane elingadala i-impetigo futhi libe uhlobo lokumelana nemethicillin (MRSA). I-Corynebacterium diptheriae yigciwane lelo kubangela i-diphtheria, ukutheleleka okunamandla okuqeda amalaka namaseli womphimbo.

Isikhunta

Ukutheleleka kwemvubelo, isikhunta, nezinye izikhunta kwesinye isikhathi kungadala i-myocarditis.

Izimuncagazi

Izimuncagazi yizilwanyana ezincane eziphila ngezinye izinto ukuze ziphile. Zingadala ne-myocarditis. Lokhu akuvamile e-United States kepha kuvame ukubonakala eMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu (lapho amagciwane I-Trypanosoma cruzi kubangela isimo esaziwa njengesifo se-Chagas).

Izifo ezizimele

Izifo ezizimele ezenza ukuvuvukala kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, njenge-rheumatoid arthritis noma i-SLE, kwesinye isikhathi zingadala ne-myocarditis.

Ziyini izimpawu?

Into eyingozi mayelana ne-myocarditis ukuthi ingathinta noma ngubani, yenzeke kunoma yimuphi unyaka, futhi ingaqhubeka ngaphandle kokubonisa izimpawu. Uma izimpawu zikhula, zivame ukufana nalezi zimpawu umuntu angahlangabezana nazo nomkhuhlane, njenge:

• ukukhathala
• ukuphelelwa umoya
• imfiva
• ubuhlungu obuhlangene
• ukuvuvukala komkhawulo ongaphansi
• umuzwa we-achy esifubeni

Izikhathi eziningi, i-myocarditis ingahle yehle yodwa ngaphandle kokwelashwa, kufana nokusikwa emunweni wakho ekugcineni kuyaphola. Ngisho namanye amacala aqhubeka isikhathi eside kungenzeka angalokothi adale izimpawu ezingazelelwe zokuhluleka kwenhliziyo.

Kepha, ngasese, zingadala ukulimala kwemisipha yenhliziyo lapho izimpawu zokuhluleka kwenhliziyo zivela kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kwezinye izimo, inhliziyo ingashesha ukuveza ubunzima bayo, inezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba, ukuphefumula okuncane, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo.

Kutholakala kanjani?

Yize i-myocarditis ingaba nzima ukuxilonga, udokotela wakho angasebenzisa izivivinyo eziningana ukunciphisa umthombo wezimpawu zakho. Lezi zivivinyo zifaka:

• ukuhlolwa kwegazi: ukuhlola izimpawu zokutheleleka noma imithombo yokuvuvukala
• X-ray esifubeni: ukukhombisa ukwakheka kwesifuba nezimpawu ezingaba khona zokwehluleka kwenhliziyo
• i-electrocardiogram (ECG): ukuthola amanani wenhliziyo angajwayelekile kanye nezigqi ezingakhombisa imisipha yenhliziyo eyonakele
• bhequza (i-ultrasound imaging yenhliziyo): ukusiza ukuthola izingqinamba zesakhiwo noma zomsebenzi enhliziyweni nasemikhunjini eseduze
• i-myocardial biopsy (izibonelo zesisindo semisipha yenhliziyo): kwezinye izimo, kungenziwa ngesikhathi se-catheterization yenhliziyo ukuvumela udokotela ukuthi ahlole ucezu oluncane lwezicubu zomzimba ezisuka enhliziyweni

Izinkinga ze-myocarditis

I-myocarditis ingadala umonakalo omkhulu enhliziyweni. Impendulo yamasosha omzimba, ngenxa yegciwane noma okunye ukutheleleka okubangela i-myocarditis, kungadala ukulimala okuphawulekayo njengoba kungenza amakhemikhali athile noma izifo ezizimele ezingadala i-myocarditis. Lokhu kungagcina kuholele ekwehlulekeni kwenhliziyo ekugcineni nasekufeni. Lawa macala ayivelakancane, njengoba iziguli eziningi ezine-myocarditis ziyalulama futhi ziqhubeke nomsebenzi wenhliziyo onempilo.

Ezinye izinkinga zifaka phakathi izinkinga ngesigqi senhliziyo noma isilinganiso, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, nokushaya uhlangothi. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukufakelwa inhliziyo okuphuthumayo kungadingeka.

I-Myocarditis ibuye ixhunyaniswe nokufa okungazelelwe, kuze kufike kumaphesenti ayi-9 okuhlolwa kwesidumbu kwabantu abadala okuveza ukuvuvukala kwemisipha yenhliziyo. Le nombolo yeqa yaya emaphesentini ayi-12 yokuhlolwa kwesidumbu sabantu abadala abakhombisa ukuvuvukala kwemisipha yenhliziyo.

Yelashwa kanjani i-myocarditis?

Ukwelashwa kwe-myocarditis kungafaka:

• ukwelashwa kwe-corticosteroid (ukusiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala)
• imishanguzo yenhliziyo, efana ne-beta-blocker, i-ACE inhibitor, noma i-ARB
• izinguquko zokuziphatha, njengokuphumula, ukuvinjelwa koketshezi, kanye nokudla okunosawoti omncane
• ukwelashwa komchamo wokwelapha uketshezi oluningi
• ukwelashwa kwama-antibiotic

Ukwelashwa kuncike emthonjeni nasekuqineni kokuvuvukala kwe-myocardial. Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kuthuthuka ngezinyathelo ezifanele, futhi uzolulama ngokuphelele.

Uma i-myocarditis yakho iqhubeka, udokotela wakho angakunikeza i-corticosteroid ukusiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala. Kungenzeka futhi bancome ukuphumula, ukuvinjelwa koketshezi, kanye nokudla okunosawoti omncane. Imithi elwa namagciwane ingasiza ekwelapheni ukutheleleka uma une-bacterium myocarditis. Ukwelashwa kwe-diuretic kungabekwa ukususa uketshezi oluningi emzimbeni. Udokotela wakho angakunikeza nemithi esiza inhliziyo ukuthi isebenze kalula.

Cishe zonke lezi zindlela zokwelapha zisebenza ukwehlisa umthwalo osenhliziyweni ukuze zikwazi ukuzelapha.

Uma inhliziyo ihluleka, ezinye izinqubo ezihlasela kakhulu zingenziwa esibhedlela. Ukufakwa kwe-pacemaker kanye / noma i-defibrillator kungadingeka. Lapho inhliziyo yonakele ngokweqile, odokotela bangancoma ukufakelwa inhliziyo.

Kungavinjelwa?

Azikho izinyathelo zokuvimbela i-myocarditis, kepha ukugwema ukutheleleka okunzima kungasiza. Ezinye zezindlela eziphakanyisiwe zokwenza lokho zifaka:

• ukwenza ucansi oluphephile
• ukuhlala usesikhathini ngemigomo
• inhlanzeko efanele
• ukugwema imikhaza

Uyini umbono?

Umbono we-myocarditis ikakhulukazi omuhle. Ithuba lokuthi liphindaphindeke kucatshangwa ukuthi lingaba amaphesenti ayi-10 kuye kwangama-15, ngokusho kweMyocarditis Foundation. Iningi labantu abane-myocarditis bayalulama futhi abanayo imiphumela emibi yesikhathi eside ezinhliziyweni zabo.

Kusenokuningi okumele kufundwe nge-myocarditis. Odokotela bakholelwa ukuthi i-myocarditis ayizuzwa njengefa futhi abakatholi zakhi zofuzo ezibonisa ukuthi kunjalo.