I-narcolepsy: kuyini, izimpawu nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu ze-narcolepsy
• Yelashwa kanjani

I-narcolepsy yisifo esingelapheki esibonakala ngezinguquko ebuthongweni, lapho umuntu ezwa khona ukulala ngokweqile emini futhi akwazi ukulala kahle nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, kufaka phakathi nengxoxo noma ngisho nokuma phakathi kwethrafikhi.

Izimbangela ze-narcolepsy zihlobene nokulahleka kwama-neuron esifundeni sobuchopho esibizwa nge-hypothalamus, esikhiqiza into ebizwa nge-hypocretin, eyi-neurotransmitter ebhekele ukulawula ukuvuka nokuvuka, okuhambelana nokuqapha, ukugcina abantu bevumile. Ngokufa kwala ma-neuron, kuncane noma akukho nhlobo ukukhiqizwa kwe-hypocretin ngakho-ke, abantu bayakwazi ukulala kalula.

Ukwelashwa kwe-narcolepsy kufanele kuboniswe yi-neurologist, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezisebenza ngqo ezinkampanini, ezilawula lesi sifo, kuvame ukukhonjiswa.

Izimpawu ze-narcolepsy

Isibonakaliso sokuqala nesisemqoka se-narcolepsy ukulala ngokweqile emini. Kodwa-ke, njengoba lesi sibonakaliso singacaciswanga, ukuxilongwa akwenziwa, okuholela enanini elincane nelincane le-hypocretin, okuholela ekuveleni kwezinye izimpawu nezimpawu, njenge:

• Izikhathi zokulala okukhulu emini, lapho umuntu ekwazi ukulala kalula noma kuphi, kungakhathalekile ukuthi wenzani;
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha, obubizwa nangokuthi i-cataplexy, lapho ngenxa yobuthakathaka bemisipha, umuntu angawa futhi angakwazi ukukhuluma noma ukunyakaza, yize azi. I-Cataplexy iyisifo esithile se-narcolepsy, kepha akuwona wonke umuntu onayo;
• Ukusangana, okungaba okuzwakala noma okubukwayo;
• Ukukhubazeka komzimba lapho evuka, lapho umuntu engakwazi ukuhamba khona imizuzu embalwa. Isikhathi esiningi, ukulala iziqephu zokukhubazeka ebuchosheni zihlala phakathi kwemizuzu engu-1 no-10;
• Ukulala okuhlukanisiwe ebusuku, okungaphazamisi isikhathi sokulala esiphelele somuntu ngosuku.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-narcolepsy kwenziwa yi-neurologist nodokotela wokulala ngokuya ngokuhlolwa kwezimpawu nezimpawu ezethulwe ngumuntu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izivivinyo ezinjenge-polysomnography kanye nokuhlolwa okuningi kwe-latency kuyenziwa ukutadisha umsebenzi wobuchopho neziqephu zokulala. Umthamo we-Hypocretin ukhonjisiwe ukuze noma yibuphi ubuhlobo nezimpawu buqinisekiswe futhi, ngakho-ke, ukuxilongwa kwe-narcolepsy kungaqinisekiswa.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-narcolepsy kumele kuboniswe yi-neurologist futhi kungenziwa ngemithi, efana ne-Provigil, Methylphenidate (Ritalin) noma i-Dexedrine, enomsebenzi wokukhuthaza ubuchopho beziguli ukuthi zihlale ziphapheme.

Amanye amakhambi we-antidepressant, njenge-Fluoxetine, iSertaline noma i-Protriptyline, angasiza ekunciphiseni iziqephu ze-cataplexy noma i-hallucination. Ikhambi leXyrem lingabuye linikezwe ezinye iziguli ukuthi lizisebenzise ebusuku.

Ukwelashwa kwemvelo kwe-narcolepsy ukuguqula indlela ophila ngayo futhi udle okunempilo, ugweme ukudla okunzima, hlela ukulala ngemuva kokudla, gwema ukuphuza iziphuzo ezidakayo noma ezinye izinto ezandisa ubuthongo.