Isifo Sokucindezeleka Sokuphefumula Neonatal

-Delile

• Yini ebangela i-neonatal respiratory stress syndrome?
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni we-neonatal respiratory stress syndrome?
• Ziyini izimpawu zesifo sokucindezeleka sokuphefumula kwezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa?
• Sitholakala kanjani isifo se-neonatal respiratory stress syndrome?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-neonatal respiratory stress syndrome?
• Ngingayivimba kanjani i-neonatal respiratory stress syndrome?
• Yiziphi izinkinga ezihambisana ne-neonatal respiratory stress syndrome?
• Uyini umbono wesikhathi eside?

Iyini i-neonatal respiratory stress syndrome?

Ukukhulelwa isikhathi esigcwele kuthatha amasonto angama-40. Lokhu kunikeza umbungu isikhathi sokukhula. Emavikini angama-40, izitho zivame ukukhula ngokuphelele. Uma ingane izalwa kusenesikhathi, amaphaphu kungenzeka angakhuli ngokugcwele, futhi kungenzeka angasebenzi kahle. Amaphaphu aphilile abalulekile empilweni yonke.

Isifo sokucindezeleka sokuphefumula seNeonatal, noma i-RDS esanda kuzalwa, kungenzeka uma amaphaphu engakakhuli ngokuphelele. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ezinganeni ezingaphambi kwesikhathi. Izinsana ezine-RDS ezisanda kuzalwa zinenkinga yokuphefumula kahle.

I-RDS yeNonatal yaziwa nangokuthi isifo se-hyaline ulwelwesi kanye nesifo sokuphefumula kwengane.

Yini ebangela i-neonatal respiratory stress syndrome?

I-Surfactant yinto eyenza amaphaphu ukuthi akhule futhi enze isivumelwano. Futhi kugcina izikhwama zomoya ezincane emaphashini, ezaziwa ngokuthi i-alveoli, zivulekile. Izinsana ezisengaphambi kwesikhathi azinayo i-surfactant. Lokhu kungadala izinkinga zamaphaphu nenkinga yokuphefumula.

I-RDS nayo ingenzeka ngenxa yenkinga yentuthuko exhumene nofuzo.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni we-neonatal respiratory stress syndrome?

Umsebenzi wamaphaphu nowamaphaphu ukhula esibelethweni. Lapho kuzalwa usana ngaphambi kwesikhathi, inkulu ingozi yokuba ne-RDS. Izinsana ezizalwe ngaphambi kwamasonto angama-28 ukukhulelwa zisengozini enkulu. Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi zifaka:

• ingane yakini ene-RDS
• ukukhulelwa okuningi (amawele, amawele amathathu)
• ukugeleza kwegazi okungakhubazekile kuya enganeni ngesikhathi sokubeletha
• ukulethwa ngokuhlinzwa
• isifo sikashukela somama

Ziyini izimpawu zesifo sokucindezeleka sokuphefumula kwezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa?

Usana ngokujwayelekile luzokhombisa izimpawu ze-RDS ngemuva nje kokuzalwa. Kodwa-ke, kwesinye isikhathi izimpawu ziyakhula phakathi kwamahora angama-24 okuqala emva kokuzalwa. Izimpawu okufanele zibhekwe zifaka:

• Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esikhunjeni
• ukuqhuma kwamakhala
• ukuphefumula okusheshayo noma okungajulile
• kunciphise ukuphuma komchamo
• ukububula ngenkathi ephefumula

Sitholakala kanjani isifo se-neonatal respiratory stress syndrome?

Uma udokotela esola i-RDS, bazo-oda ukuhlolwa kwelebhu ukukhipha ukutheleleka okungadala izinkinga zokuphefumula. Bazophinde ba-ode i-X-ray yesifuba ukuhlola amaphaphu. Ukuhlaziywa kwegesi yegazi kuzohlola amazinga e-oxygen egazini.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-neonatal respiratory stress syndrome?

Lapho usana luzalwa lunemixhaso ye-RDS futhi izimpawu zibonakala ngokushesha, ingane ivame ukungeniswa egunjini lokunakekelwa kwabagula kakhulu (i-NICU).

Izindlela zokwelapha ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-RDS yilezi:

• ukwelashwa okushintshanayo
• umshini wokuphefumula noma umshini womfutho oqhubekayo womoya (NCPAP)
• ukwelashwa komoya-mpilo

Ukwelashwa kokushintshwa okungajwayelekile kunikeza usana i-surfactant abangenayo. Ukwelashwa kuletha ukwelashwa ngeshubhu lokuphefumula. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi ingena emaphashini. Ngemuva kokuthola i-surfactant, udokotela uzoxhuma usana kumshini wokuphefumula. Lokhu kunikeza ukusekelwa okungeziwe kokuphefumula. Bangadinga le nqubo izikhathi eziningana, kuya ngobukhulu besimo.

Usana lungathola ukwelashwa okuphefumula lodwa ukuze lusekele ukuphefumula. Umshini wokuphefumula uhilela ukubeka ithubhu phansi kupayipi lomoya. Umshini wokuphefumula ube usuphefumulela usana. Inketho yokuxhasa ukuphefumula engathathi hlangothi umshini wamakhala oqhubekayo oqondile womoya (NCPAP). Lokhu kulawula umoya-mpilo ngamakhala ngesifonyo esincane.

Ukwelashwa kwe-oxygen kuletha umoya-mpilo ezithweni zomntwana ngamaphaphu. Ngaphandle komoya-mpilo owenele, izitho azisebenzi kahle. Umshini wokuphefumula noma i-NCPAP ingalawula umoya-mpilo. Ezimweni ezimnene kakhulu, umoya-mpilo unganikezwa ngaphandle komshini wokuphefumula noma umshini we-CPAP wamakhala.

Ngingayivimba kanjani i-neonatal respiratory stress syndrome?

Ukuvimbela ukulethwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwehlisa ubungozi be-RDS yezinsana. Ukunciphisa ubungozi bokulethwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, thola ukunakekelwa okungaguquguquki kokubeletha phakathi nakho konke ukukhulelwa futhi ugweme ukubhema, izidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni, notshwala.

Uma ukulethwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungenzeka, umama angathola i-corticosteroids. Le mithi igqugquzela ukukhula kwamaphaphu ngokushesha nokukhiqiza i-surfactant, ebaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwamaphaphu embungu.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezihambisana ne-neonatal respiratory stress syndrome?

I-RDS yeNonatal ingase ibe yimbi kakhulu ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala zempilo yengane. Ama-RDS angabulala. Kungase kube nezinkinga zesikhathi eside ngenxa yokuthola i-oxygen eningi kakhulu noma ngenxa yokuthi izitho zazingenayo i-oxygen. Izinkinga zingafaka:

• ukwakhiwa komoya esikhwameni esizungeze inhliziyo, noma emaphashini
• ukukhubazeka ngokwengqondo
• ubumpumputhe
• amahlule egazi
• ukuphuma ebuchosheni noma emaphashini
• i-bronchopulmonary dysplasia (isifo sokuphefumula)
• ukuwa kwamaphaphu (pneumothorax)
• ukutheleleka ngegazi
• ukwehluleka kwezinso (kuma-RDS abucayi)

Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngengozi yezinkinga. Zincike ebukhulwini be-RDS yengane yakho. Ingane ngayinye ihlukile. Lezi yizinkinga nje ezingenzeka; kungenzeka zingenzeki nhlobo. Udokotela wakho angakuxhumanisa neqembu lokusekela noma umeluleki. Lokhu kungasiza ekucindezelekeni okungokomzwelo kokubhekana nosana oluzalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Uyini umbono wesikhathi eside?

INatalatal RDS ingaba yisikhathi esiyinselele kubazali. Khuluma nodokotela wezingane noma udokotela osanda kuzalwa ukuthola izeluleko ngezinsizakusebenza zokukusiza ukuphatha iminyaka embalwa ezayo yempilo yengane yakho. Ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo, kufaka phakathi izivivinyo zamehlo nezokuzwa kanye nokwelashwa ngokomzimba noma kokukhuluma, kungadingeka esikhathini esizayo. Funa ukwesekwa nokukhuthazwa emaqenjini okweseka ukukusiza ubhekane nengcindezi engokomzwelo.