I-diabetes neuropathy: kuyini, izimpawu nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• 1. I-peripheral neuropathy
• 2. I-Autonomic neuropathy
• 3. I-proximal neuropathy
• 4. I-Focal neuropathy
• Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa
• Yelashwa kanjani
• Ungayivimbela kanjani i-neuropathy

I-diabetes neuropathy ingenye yezinkinga eziyinhloko zesifo sikashukela, esibonakala ngokuwohloka okuqhubekayo kwemizwa, okunganciphisa ukuzwela noma kubangele ukuvela kobuhlungu ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zomzimba, kuvame kakhulu emaphethelweni njengezandla noma izinyawo.

Ngokuvamile, i-neuropathy yesifo sikashukela ivame kakhulu kubantu abangaselaphi ngokwanele isifo sikashukela, imvamisa ngamazinga aphezulu kashukela egazi, abangela ukulimala kwezinzwa okuqhubekayo.

Ukuthuthuka kwe-peripheral neuropathy kungahamba kancane, kungabikho zimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala, kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ubuhlungu, ukudonsa, ukuzwa okuvuthayo noma ukulahleka kwemizwa esifundeni esithintekile kungavela.

I-diabetes neuropathy ayinalo ikhambi, kepha ukuvela kwayo kungalawulwa ngokusetshenziswa kwemithi yokwehlisa amazinga kashukela egazini nokuqeda ubuhlungu be-neuropathic. Thola okuningi mayelana nokuthi ubuhlungu be-neuropathic buphathwa kanjani.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

I-diabetes neuropathy ikhula kancane futhi ingabonwa kuze kuvele izimpawu ezinzima kakhulu. Izimpawu ziyahluka ngohlobo lwe-neuropathy:

1. I-peripheral neuropathy

I-peripheral neuropathy ibonakala ngokubandakanyeka kwemizwa yezinzwa, okuluhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-neuropathy yesifo sikashukela. Imvamisa iqala ezinyaweni nasemilenzeni, ilandelwe izandla nezingalo. Izimpawu zivame ukuba zimbi ebusuku futhi zifaka:

• Ukuba ndikindiki noma ukuncinza eminweni noma ezinzwaneni;
• Ikhono elehlisiwe lokuzwa ubuhlungu noma ushintsho ekushiseni;
• Umuzwa ovuthayo;
• Ubuhlungu noma amajaqamba;
• Ukuzwela okukhulu ukuthinta;
• Ukulahlekelwa ukuthinta;
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha;
• Ukulahleka kwengqondo, ikakhulukazi esithendeni se-Achilles;
• Ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi;
• Ukulahleka kokuhlanganiswa kwezimoto;
• Ukukhubazeka nobuhlungu obuhlangene.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-peripheral neuropathy ingadala izinkinga ezinyaweni ezinzima, njengonyawo lwesifo sikashukela, olubonakala ngezilonda noma izifo. Ukuqonda kangcono ukuthi luyini unyawo lwesifo sikashukela nokuthi uluphatha kanjani.

2. I-Autonomic neuropathy

I-Autonomic neuropathy ithinta uhlelo lwe-autonomic nervous olulawula izitho ezahlukahlukene ezisebenza ngaphandle kwentando, njengenhliziyo, isinye, isisu, amathumbu, izitho zocansi namehlo.

Izimpawu ze-neuropathy zincike endaweni ethintekile futhi zibandakanya:

• Ukungabikho kwezimpawu ze-hypoglycemia, njengokudideka, isiyezi, indlala, ukuthuthumela noma ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwezimoto;
• Ukuqunjelwa noma uhudo;
• Ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ukuhlanza, ukugaya ubunzima noma ubunzima bokugwinya;
• Ukoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane;
• Ukungasebenzi kwe-Erectile;
• Ukwandiswa noma ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwezithukuthuku;
• Nciphisa umfutho wegazi ongadala isiyezi lapho umile;
• Ukuzwa kwenhliziyo egijimayo, noma umile;
• Izinkinga zesinye esinjengokudinga ukuchama kaningi noma ukuba nesidingo esiphuthumayo sokuchama, ukungasebenzi komchamo noma ukutheleleka kaningi komchamo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-autonomic neuropathy ingadala ubunzima ekulungisweni okubonakalayo kokukhanya endaweni emnyama.

3. I-proximal neuropathy

I-proximal neuropathy, ebizwa nangokuthi i-amyotrophy yesifo sikashukela noma i-radiculopathy, ivame kakhulu kubantu asebekhulile futhi ingathinta izinzwa emathangeni, ezinqeni, ezinqeni noma emilenzeni, ngaphezu kwesisu nasesifubeni.

Izimpawu zivame ukwenzeka ngakolunye uhlangothi lomzimba, kepha zingasakazeka ziye kolunye uhlangothi futhi zifaka:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu esinqeni nasethangeni noma ezinqeni;
• Isisu esibuhlungu;
• Ubuthakathaka emisipheni yamathanga;
• Kunzima ukuvuka endaweni yokuhlala;
• Ukuvuvukala kwesisu;
• Ukwehla kwesisindo.

Abantu abane-neuropathy eseduze nabo bangase babe nonyawo olwehlisiwe noma lwe-flabby, sengathi unyawo lukhululekile, okungadala ubunzima bokuhamba noma ukuwa.

4. I-Focal neuropathy

I-Focal neuropathy, ebizwa nangokuthi i-mononeuropathy, ibonakala ngokubandakanyeka kwemizwa ethile ezandleni, ezinyaweni, emilenzeni, esiqwini noma ekhanda.

Izimpawu zincike kunzwa ethintekile futhi zibandakanya:

• Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa endaweni ye-nerve ethintekile;
• Ukulimala noma ukuba ndikindiki ezandleni noma eminweni ngenxa yokucindezelwa kwemizwa ye-ulnar;
• Ubuthakathaka esandleni esithintekile, okungenza kube nzima ukubamba izinto;
• Ubuhlungu ngaphandle komlenze noma ubuthakathaka kuzwane lwakho olukhulu, ngenxa yokucindezelwa kwemizwa ye-peroneal;
• Ukukhubazeka kolunye uhlangothi lobuso, okubizwa ngokuthi ukukhubazeka kukaBell;
• Izinkinga zombono ezifana nobunzima ukugxila entweni noma ukubona kabili;
• Ubuhlungu ngemuva kweso;

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izimpawu, ezinjengobuhlungu, ukuba ndikindiki, ukuhayiza noma ukuzwa ukushisa esithupheni, umunwe wenkomba nomunwe ophakathi, kungenzeka ngenxa yokucindezelwa kwemizwa yangaphakathi, edlula esihlakaleni futhi ivule izandla, iveza umhubhe we-carpal isifo. Funda kabanzi mayelana neCarpal Tunnel Syndrome.

Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa

Ukuxilongwa kwe-neuropathy yesifo sikashukela kwenziwa i-endocrinologist futhi kusekelwe kwizimpawu nezimpawu ezethulwayo kanye nomlando wesifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela kufanele enze ukuhlolwa komzimba ukuze ahlole amandla nomsipha wethoni, avivinye i-tendon reflex futhi ahlaziye ukuzwela kokuthinta nokushintsha kokushisa, njengokubanda nokushisa.

Udokotela futhi angenza noma a-ode izivivinyo ezithile ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, njengokuhlolwa kokuqhutshwa kwezinzwa, okulinganisa ukuthi izinzwa ezingalweni nasemilenzeni ziwenza ngokushesha kangakanani amasiginali kagesi, i-electroneuromyography, elinganisa ukukhishwa kukagesi okukhiqizwa emisipheni, noma ukuzimela. test, okungenziwa ukunquma izinguquko kumfutho wegazi ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-neuropathy yesifo sikashukela kufanele kuqondiswe yi-endocrinologist futhi kuvame ukwenziwa ukudambisa izimpawu, ukugwema izinkinga kanye nokubambezela ukuqhubeka kwesifo.

Ukwelashwa kwe-neuropathy yesifo sikashukela kufaka nemithi efana nale:

• Ama-Antidiabetics, njengemijovo ye-insulin noma ukuthatha ama-antidiabetics omlomo ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini;
• Ama-anticonvulsants, njenge-pregabalin noma i-gabapentin ukudambisa izinhlungu;
• Izidambisi, njenge-amitriptyline, imipramine, i-duloxetine noma i-venlafaxine esiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu obumaphakathi kuya kokulingene;
• Ama-analgesics we-opioid kuthathwe ngomlomo, njenge-tramadol, morphine, i-oxycodone noma i-methadone, noma i-patch, njenge-transdermal fentanyl noma i-transdermal buprenorphine.

Kwezinye izimo, i-antidepressant ingasetshenziswa ngokubambisana ne-anticonvulsant noma le mithi ingasetshenziswa ngokunciphisa izinhlungu ukusiza ukulawula izinhlungu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekwelapheni izinkinga ze-neuropathy yesifo sikashukela, ukunakekelwa kochwepheshe abehlukene kungadingeka, njenge-urologist ukuphatha izinkinga zomgudu womchamo, ngemithi elawula ukusebenza kwesinye noma amakhambi wokungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile, ngokwesibonelo, noma i-cardiologist yokulawula umfutho wegazi futhi uvikele isifo sokushaywa yisifo sikashukela. Thola ukuthi siyini isifo sikashukela nesifo sikashukela nokuthi ungaselapha kanjani.

Ungayivimbela kanjani i-neuropathy

I-diabetes neuropathy ingavinjelwa uma amazinga eglucose egazi elawulwa ngokuqinile. Ukwenza lokhu, ezinye izinyathelo zifaka:

• Ukulandelwa njalo kwezokwelapha;
• Bheka amazinga kashukela egazini ekhaya ngama-glucometers, ngokusho kweseluleko sezokwelapha;
• Ukuthatha imithi noma ukujova i-insulin, njengoba kushiwo ngudokotela;
• Prakthiza imisebenzi yomzimba njalo njengokuhamba okulula, ukubhukuda noma i-aerobics yamanzi, isibonelo.

Kufanele futhi udle ukudla okunomsoco okubandakanya imicu emihle, amaprotheni namafutha, futhi uvikele ukudla okunoshukela omningi njengamakhukhi, iziphuzo ezibandayo noma amakhekhe. Bheka ukuthi ungasidla kanjani isifo sikashukela.