Yini ama-xanthomas, izinhlobo eziyinhloko nokuthi ungaphatha kanjani

-Delile

• Izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-xanthoma
• Kuyini i-xanthelasma?
• Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa
• Yelashwa kanjani
• Ukwelashwa kwe-xanthoma esiswini

IXanthoma ifana nokuvela kwezilonda ezincane ekukhululekeni okuphezulu esikhunjeni, okwenziwe ngamafutha angavela kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba, kepha ikakhulu ezintanjeni, esikhunjeni, ezandleni, ezinyaweni, ezinqeni nasemadolweni.

Ukubukeka kwe-xanthoma kuvame kakhulu kubantu abane-cholesterol ephezulu kakhulu noma i-triglycerides, yize ingabonakala nakubantu abangenalo ushintsho lwe-cholesterol.

Ukuba khona kwe-xanthoma ngokuvamile kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi kunenqwaba ye-cholesterol ejikelezayo, edale ukuthi ama-macrophage, angamaseli omzimba omzimba, ahlanganise amangqamuzana amafutha, aguqulwe abe ama-macrophage anamagwebu futhi afakwe ezicutshini. Ngakho-ke, i-xanthoma ayisona isifo, kodwa uphawu oluhambisana nokukhubazeka kokugcwala kwamafutha namaprotheni athwala i-cholesterol emzimbeni.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-xanthoma

Ukwakheka kwe-xanthoma kuvame ukwenzeka kubantu abanemikhuba engemihle yokuphila, okungukuthi, abanokudla okunothe ngamafutha futhi abahlala phansi, okuthanda ukuqoqwa kwe-cholesterol ne-triglycerides. Kodwa-ke, i-xanthoma nayo ingenzeka njengomphumela wezinye izifo, njengesifo sikashukela esibolile, isifo sokuqina kwesibindi noma ukwehluleka kwesibindi.

Ngokuya ngezici zawo nendawo, ama-xanthomas angahlukaniswa abe:

• Xanthelasmas: yiluhlobo lwe-xanthoma olusendaweni yejwabu leso, olumaqweqwe aphuzi futhi athambile, imvamisa kubantu abanomlando we-cholesterol ephezulu;
• Ama-xanthomas aqhumayo: yiyona ndlela ejwayelekile kakhulu ye-xanthoma futhi ihlotshaniswa ne-triglycerides eyandisiwe, lapho kuvela khona izigaxa ezincane eziphuzi, ikakhulukazi emathangeni, emilenzeni, ezinqeni nasezingalweni. Imvamisa ziyathuthuka lapho i-triglycerides ijwayelekile;
• Ama-xanthomas anesibindiamaqhubu aphuzi atholakala endololwaneni nasezithendeni zabantu abane-cholesterol ephezulu;
• Tendon xanthoma: yidiphozi eyenzeka ematendeni, ikakhulukazi kuthenda yama-achilles, esithendeni, noma eminweni, futhi kuvame ukwenzeka kubantu abane-cholesterol ephezulu;
• Xanthomas Flat: ziyacabaleka futhi zivela kaningi emaphethweni e-palpate, ebusweni, esiqwini kanye nasezibazini.

Kukhona nolunye uhlobo lwe-xanthoma, okuyi-gastric xanthoma, lapho izilonda ezinamafutha zakhiwa esiswini futhi ngokuvamile ezingazibangeli izimpawu, ezitholakala kuma-endoscopies noma ekuhlinzweni esiswini ngezinye izizathu. Lolu hlobo lwe-xanthoma aluvamile, futhi imbangela yalo ayaziwa kahle.

Kuyini i-xanthelasma?

I-Xanthelasma uhlobo lwe-xanthoma lapho kutholakala khona izingcwecwe ezicwebezelayo, eziphuzi nezilonda emehlweni, ikakhulukazi emajwazini amehlo, imvamisa ngendlela ehambisanayo. Ukuba khona kwe-xanthelasma akuthathelani, ngoba kuyimpendulo yomzimba enanini elikhulu lokujikeleza kwe-cholesterol, futhi kuvame kakhulu kubantu abadala abanokuphazamiseka kokugaya amafutha.

Yize ingabangeli ubungozi, i-xanthelasma ingadala ukungaphatheki kahle kumuntu ngenxa yokubonakala kwezilonda, ngakho-ke bacela ukususwa kwe-xanthelasma, okwenziwa ngokuhlinzwa noma ngamasu aqeda i-xanthelasma, njenge-acid, lasers noma i-electrocoagulation, isibonelo.

Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa

Ukuxilongwa kwe-xanthoma kungumtholampilo, okungukuthi, kwenziwa ngudokotela wesikhumba noma udokotela ojwayelekile ngokuhlola izici ze-xanthomas. Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungakhonjiswa futhi ukuhlola inani le-cholesterol nokusabalalisa i-triglycerides.

Yelashwa kanjani

Uma umuntu one-xanthomas ene-cholesterol eyeqile noma i-triglycerides etholakele ekuhlolweni kwegazi, udokotela uzokhombisa ukwelashwa ukulawula la mazinga, ngezidakamizwa ezibizwa ngemithi ye-hypolipidemic, njenge-Simvastatin, i-Atorvastatin, ne-fibrate, njenge-Fenofibrate noma i-Bezafibrato, isibonelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinqubo zokususa amadiphozi amafutha zingenziwa, okumele zenziwe ngudokotela wesikhumba, onjenge:

• Ukuhlinzwa kokususwa nokuvalwa ngemithungo: kuyindlela ephephe kunazo zonke, ephumelela kunazo zonke, ingenziwa emtholampilo wabalalayo, inezindleko eziphansi futhi ikhiqiza imiphumela emihle kakhulu;
• I-cauterization yamakhemikhali: ifaneleka kakhulu izilonda ezincane nezikha phezulu. Kwenziwa ngokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezinobuthi ezifana ne-trichloroacetic acid noma inhlanganisela yama-acid;
• Ukwelashwa nge-Laser: ngokusebenzisa i-ultra pulsed carbon dioxide noma i-pulsed laser;
• I-Cryosurgery: ukusebenzisa i-liquid nitrogen noma i-carbon dioxide snow;

Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi ukwelashwa nokulawulwa kwezinye izifo ezihambisana nezinguquko ekwenziweni komzimba nokwakheka kwama-xanthomas, njengesifo sikashukela, umdlavuza wesibindi, i-hypothyroidism noma izifo zezinso.

Ukwelashwa kwe-xanthoma esiswini

I-gastric xanthoma noma i-gastric xanthelasma izikhwama eziphuzi ze-cholesterol noma i-lipids, ezinama-contour angajwayelekile, angalinganisa u-1 kuye ku-2 mm, osesiswini. Ukwelapha lolu hlobo lwe-xanthoma kuyadingeka ukuthi kwenziwe izivivinyo ze-endoscopy kanye ne-biopsy, futhi uma izimpawu zomdlavuza wesisu zikhishwa ngaphandle, imvamisa kuyisimo esibi, futhi lokho kuziphatha kufanele kube ukubuka, okungukuthi, kufanele kuhlolwe njalo. bona ukuvela kwenkinga.

Kodwa-ke, uma kunengozi yokwakheka komdlavuza noma izimpawu zokuwohloka kwe-xanthoma, udokotela uzokwazi ukuqondisa ukususwa kwayo, inqubo eyenziwe nge-endoscopy.