Ukwelashwa Okusha Kwamanje kwe-COPD

-Delile

• Ama-bronchodilators asebenza isikhathi eside
• Ama-bronchodilator asebenza okwesikhashana
• Ama-inhaler we-Anticholinergic
• Inhalers yenhlanganisela
• Imithi yomlomo
• Ukuhlinzwa
• I-Bullectomy
• Ukuhlinzwa okunciphisa ivolumu ende
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-valve ye-Endobronchial
• Ukwelashwa kwesikhathi esizayo kwe-COPD
• Ukudla okudlela endlini

Isifo esingapheliyo se-pulmonary pulmonary disease (COPD) yisifo esingapheli sokuvuvukala kwamaphaphu esibangela izimpawu ezifana nokuphefumula kanzima, ukukhiqizwa komfutho okwandayo, ukuqina kwesifuba, ukuhefuzela nokukhwehlela.

Alikho ikhambi le-COPD, kepha ukwelashwa kwalesi simo kungakusiza ukuthi usilawule futhi uphile impilo ende. Okokuqala, uzodinga ukuyeka ukubhema uma ubhema. Udokotela wakho angaphinde anikeze i-bronchodilator, engahle isebenze okwesikhashana noma isebenze isikhathi eside. Le mithi yehlisa imisipha ezungeze izindlela zakho zomoya ukuze unciphise izimpawu.

Ungabona futhi ukuthuthuka ngemithi yokwengeza efana ne-inhaled steroids, i-oral steroids, nama-antibiotic, kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha zamanje nezintsha ze-COPD.

Abahogelwayo

Ama-bronchodilators asebenza isikhathi eside

Ama-bronchodilator asebenza isikhathi eside asetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwesondlo kwansuku zonke ukulawula izimpawu. Le mithi iqeda izimpawu ngokuphumula kwemisipha ezindleleni zomoya nokususa amafinyila emaphashini.

Ama-bronchodilators asebenza isikhathi eside afaka i-salmeterol, i-formoterol, i-vilanterol, ne-olodaterol.

I-Indacaterol (i-Arcapta) iyi-bronchodilator entsha esebenza isikhathi eside. Ukuphathwa Kwezokudla Nezidakamizwa (i-FDA) kwagunyazwa lo muthi ngo-2011. Welapha ukuvinjelwa komoya ongena kubangelwa yi-COPD.

I-Indacaterol ithathwa kanye ngosuku. Isebenza ngokuvuselela i-enzyme esiza amaseli emisipha emaphashini akho aphumule. Iqala ukusebenza ngokushesha, futhi imiphumela yayo ingahlala isikhathi eside.

Lesi sidakamizwa siyindlela ongayikhetha uma uhlangabezana nokuphefumula okuncane noma uvunguza namanye ama-bronchodilators asebenza isikhathi eside. Imiphumela emibi engaba khona ifaka phakathi ukukhwehlela, ukuphuma amakhala, ikhanda elibuhlungu, isicanucanu nokwethuka.

Udokotela wakho angancoma i-bronchodilator esebenza isikhathi eside uma uneCOPD ne-asthma.

Ama-bronchodilator asebenza okwesikhashana

Ama-bronchodilators asebenza okwesikhashana, kwesinye isikhathi abizwa ngokuthi ama-inhalers wokutakula, awasetshenziswa nsuku zonke. La ma-inhaler asetshenziswa lapho kudingeka futhi anikeza ukukhululeka okusheshayo lapho unenkinga yokuphefumula.

Lezi zinhlobo ze-bronchodilators zifaka i-albuterol (i-Ventolin HFA), i-metaproterenol (i-Alupent), ne-levalbuterol (i-Xopenex).

Ama-inhaler we-Anticholinergic

I-anticholinergic inhaler olunye uhlobo lwe-bronchodilator yokwelashwa kwe-COPD. Kuyasiza ukuvimbela ukuqina kwemisipha ezungeze imigwaqo yomoya, futhi.

Itholakala njenge-inhaler ye-metered-dose inhaler, futhi ifomu eliketshezi lama-nebulizers. La ma-inhaler angasebenza okwesikhashana noma asebenze isikhathi eside. Udokotela wakho angancoma i-anticholinergic uma une-COPD ne-asthma.

Ama-inhaler anticholinergic afaka phakathi i-tiotropium (Spiriva), ipratropium, i-aclidinium (Tudorza), ne-umeclidinium (etholakala ngokuhlangana).

Inhalers yenhlanganisela

Ama-steroid nawo anganciphisa ukuvuvukala komoya. Ngalesi sizathu, abanye abantu abane-COPD basebenzisa i-bronchodilator inhaler kanye ne-steroid ehogelwayo. Kodwa ukuhambisana nama-inhalers amabili kungaba yinkinga.

Amanye ama-inhalers amasha ahlanganisa imishanguzo ye-bronchodilator ne-steroid. Lezi zibizwa ngokuthi ama-inhalers okuhlanganiswa.

Ezinye izinhlobo zokuhlanganiswa kwama-inhalers zikhona, futhi. Isibonelo, abanye bahlanganisa imishanguzo yama-bronchodilator asebenza okwesikhashana nama-inhaler anticholinergic noma ama-bronchodilator asebenza isikhathi eside nama-inhaler anticholinergic.

Kukhona futhi nokwelashwa okuhogelwe kathathu kweCOPD okubizwa nge-fluticasone / umeclidinium / vilanterol (Trelegy Ellipta). Lo muthi uhlanganisa imishanguzo emithathu esebenza isikhathi eside yeCOPD.

Imithi yomlomo

I-Roflumilast (i-Daliresp) isiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala komoya kubantu abane-COPD enamandla. Lo muthi ungaphikisana nokulimala kwezicubu, kuthuthukise kancane ukusebenza kwamaphaphu.

I-Roflumilast yenzelwe abantu abanomlando wokukhula okunamandla kwe-COPD. Akufanele wonke umuntu.

Imiphumela engemihle engenzeka nge-roflumilast ifaka phakathi isifo sohudo, isicanucanu, ubuhlungu beqolo, isiyezi, ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla, nekhanda.

Ukuhlinzwa

Abanye abantu abane-COPD enamandla ekugcineni badinga ukufakelwa kwamaphaphu. Le nqubo iyadingeka lapho ubunzima bokuphefumula busongela impilo.

Ukufakelwa kwamaphaphu kususa iphaphu elonakele bese kufakwa onikelayo onempilo esikhundleni sako. Kodwa-ke, kunezinye izinhlobo zezinqubo ezenziwe ukwelapha i-COPD. Ungase ube ukhetho lokunye ukuhlinzwa.

I-Bullectomy

I-COPD ingabhubhisa amasaka omoya emaphashini akho, okuholela ekwakhiweni kwezikhala zomoya ezibizwa nge-bullae. Njengoba lezi zikhala zomoya zikhula noma zikhula, ukuphefumula kuyajula futhi kube nzima.

I-bullectomy inqubo yokuhlinza esusa izikhwama zomoya ezilimele. Kunganciphisa ukuphefumula futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kwamaphaphu.

Ukuhlinzwa okunciphisa ivolumu ende

I-COPD idala ukulimala kwamaphaphu, nakho okudlala indima ezinkingeni zokuphefumula. Ngokwe-American Lung Association, lokhu kuhlinzwa kususa cishe amaphesenti angama-30 wezicubu zamaphaphu ezilimele noma ezinezifo.

Njengoba izingxenye ezilimele zisusiwe, i-diaphragm yakho ingasebenza kahle, ikuvumele uphefumule kalula.

Ukuhlinzwa kwe-valve ye-Endobronchial

Le nqubo isetshenziselwa ukwelapha abantu abane-emphysema enamandla, uhlobo lwe-COPD.

Ngokuhlinzwa kwe-valve endobronchial, kufakwa ama-valve amancane we-Zephyr ezindleleni zomoya ukuvimba izingxenye ezilimele zamaphaphu. Lokhu kunciphisa i-hyperinflation, kuvumela izingxenye ezinempilo zamaphaphu akho ukuthi zisebenze kahle.

Ukuhlinzwa kwevalve futhi kunciphisa ingcindezi ku-diaphragm futhi kunciphisa ukuphefumula.

Ukwelashwa kwesikhathi esizayo kwe-COPD

I-COPD yisimo esithinta abantu emhlabeni jikelele. Odokotela nabacwaningi baqhubeka nokusebenza ukuthuthukisa imishanguzo nezinqubo ezintsha zokwenza ngcono ukuphefumula kwalabo abaphila nalesi sifo.

Izilingo zomtholampilo zihlola ukusebenza kwezidakamizwa ze-biologic ekwelapheni i-COPD. I-Biologics wuhlobo lwezokwelapha olukhomba umthombo wokuvuvukala.

Ezinye izivivinyo zihlolisise umuthi obizwa nge-anti-interleukin 5 (IL-5). Lesi sidakamizwa sihlose ukuvuvukala kwomoya eosinophilic. Kuphawulwe ukuthi abanye abantu abane-COPD banenani elikhulu lama-eosinophil, uhlobo oluthile lweseli elimhlophe legazi. Lesi sidakamizwa se-biologic singakhawulela noma sinciphise inani lama-eosinophil egazi, sinikeze ukukhululeka kwi-COPD.

Ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka, noma kunjalo. Njengamanje, akukho mithi ye-biologic evunyelwe ukwelashwa kwe-COPD.

Ukuhlolwa kwemitholampilo kubuye kuhlolisise ukusetshenziswa kwe-stem cell therapy ekwelapheni i-COPD. Uma kuvunywa ngokuzayo, lolu hlobo lwezokwelapha lungasetshenziselwa ukuvuselela izicubu zamaphaphu nokuguqula umonakalo wamaphaphu.

Ukudla okudlela endlini

I-COPD ingaba phakathi kokuncane kuya kokubi. Ukwelashwa kwakho kuzoya ngobukhulu bezimpawu zakho. Uma ukwelashwa kwendabuko noma kolayini wokuqala kungayithuthukisi i-COPD yakho, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Ungase ubhekele ukwelashwa okungeziwe noma ukwelashwa okusha.