Izigaba ze-Osteoarthritis of the Knee

-Delile

• Isigaba 0
• Ukwelashwa
• Isigaba 1
• Ukwelashwa
• Isigaba 2
• Ukwelashwa
• Isigaba 3
• Ukwelashwa
• Isigaba 4
• Ukwelashwa

Sifaka imikhiqizo esicabanga ukuthi ilusizo kubafundi bethu. Uma uthenga ngezixhumanisi ezikuleli khasi, singathola ikhomishini encane. Nansi inqubo yethu.

Izigaba ze-osteoarthritis

I-Osteoarthritis (OA) ihlukaniswe izigaba ezinhlanu. Isigaba 0 sinikezwe idolo elijwayelekile, elinempilo. Isigaba esiphakeme kunazo zonke, i-4, sabelwe i-OA enzima. I-OA eye yaba le ntuthuko kungenzeka ukuthi ibangele ubuhlungu obukhulu futhi iphazamise ukunyakaza ngokuhlanganyela.

Isigaba 0

Isigaba 0 OA sihlukaniswa njengempilo “ejwayelekile” yamadolo. Ukuhlangana kwedolo akubonisi zimpawu ze-OA nemisebenzi yokuhlangana ngaphandle kokukhubazeka noma ubuhlungu.

Ukwelashwa

Akukho ukwelashwa okudingekayo esigabeni 0 OA.

Isigaba 1

Umuntu onesigaba 1 OA ukhombisa ukukhula okuncane kakhulu kwethambo. I-Bone spurs ukukhula kweboney okuvame ukukhula lapho amathambo ahlangana khona ngokuhlangana.

Umuntu onesigaba 1 se-OA ngokuvamile ngeke abuzwe ubuhlungu noma ukungaphatheki kahle ngenxa yokugqoka okuncane kakhulu ezingxenyeni zejoyini.

Ukwelashwa

Ngaphandle kwezimpawu zangaphandle ze-OA zokwelapha, odokotela abaningi ngeke badinge ukuthi welashwe kunoma yisiphi isigaba 1 OA.

Kodwa-ke, uma unesimo se-OA noma usengozini enkulu, udokotela wakho angakutusa ukuthi uthathe izithasiselo, njenge-chondroitin, noma uqale inqubo yokuzivocavoca ukuze unciphise noma yiziphi izimpawu ezincane ze-OA futhi unciphise ukuqhubeka kwesifo samathambo.

Thenga izithasiselo ze-chondroitin.

Isigaba 2

Isigaba 2 OA samadolo kubhekwa njengesigaba "esimnene" sesimo. Ama-X ray emalungeni amadolo kulesi sigaba azokwembula ukukhula okukhulu kwamathambo, kepha uqwanga ngokuvamile lusesayizi ophilile, okungukuthi isikhala esiphakathi kwamathambo sijwayelekile, futhi amathambo awahlikihlani noma akhuhlane.

Kulesi sigaba, i-synovial fluid nayo isekhona emazingeni anele ukunyakaza okujwayelekile okuhlangene.

Kodwa-ke, lesi yisigaba lapho abantu bangaqala khona ukuzwa izimpawu-zobuhlungu ngemuva kosuku olude lokuhamba noma ukugijima, ukuqina okukhulu ejoyintini lapho kungasetshenziswanga amahora amaningana, noma ubumnene lapho uguqa noma ugoba.

Ukwelashwa

Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nezimpawu onazo ze-OA. Udokotela wakho angakwazi ukuthola nokuhlonza isimo ngalesi sikhathi sokuqala. Uma kunjalo, lapho-ke ungathuthukisa uhlelo lokuvimbela isimo ukuthi singaqhubeki.

Izindlela zokwelapha ezahlukahlukene zingasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu nokungaphatheki kahle okubangelwa yileli banga eliphansi le-OA. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha ikakhulukazi azenzi i-pharmacologic, okusho ukuthi awudingi ukuthatha umuthi wokuqeda izimpawu.

Uma ukhuluphele ngokweqile, ukwehlisa isisindo ngokudla nokuzivocavoca umzimba kungakhulula izimpawu ezincane futhi kuthuthukise izinga lempilo yakho. Ngisho nabantu abangakhuluphali ngokweqile, bazohlomula ngokuzivocavoca umzimba.

Ukuqeqeshwa kwe-aerobics ephansi kanye nokuqeqeshwa kwamandla kungasiza ekuqiniseni imisipha ezungeze ilunga, okwandisa ukuzinza futhi kunciphise amathuba omonakalo owengeziwe ohlangene.

Vikela ukujoyina kwakho ekuzikhandeni ngokugwema ukuguqa ngamadolo, ukuklabalasa noma ukugxuma. Ama-brace nama-wraps angasiza ukuzinzisa idolo lakho. Ukufaka izicathulo kungakusiza ukuqondanisa kabusha umlenze wakho futhi kukhulule enye ingcindezi oyifaka ejoyintini lakho.

Thenga ama-brace brace.

Thenga ukufaka izicathulo.

Abanye abantu bangadinga imishanguzo yokuphumula kabuhlungu. Lezi zivame ukusetshenziswa ngokuhlanganyela nezindlela zokwelapha ezingezona ezemithi. Isibonelo, uma udinga ukuthatha ama-NSAID noma i-acetaminophen (njengeTylenol) yokuqeda izinhlungu, kufanele futhi uzame ukuzivocavoca umzimba, ukunciphisa umzimba, nokuvikela idolo lakho ekucindezelekeni okungadingekile.

Thenga ama-NSAID.

Ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside ngale mithi kungadala ezinye izinkinga. Ama-NSAID angadala izilonda zesisu, izinkinga zenhliziyo, kanye nokulimala kwezinso nesibindi. Ukuthatha amanani amakhulu we-acetaminophen kungadala ukulimala kwesibindi.

Isigaba 3

Isigaba 3 OA sihlukaniswa njenge- "moderation" OA. Kulesi sigaba, uqwanga phakathi kwamathambo lukhombisa ukulimala okusobala, futhi isikhala esiphakathi kwamathambo siqala ukuncipha. Abantu abanesigaba 3 OA samadolo kungenzeka bazwe ubuhlungu obujwayelekile lapho behamba, begijima, beguqa noma beguqa.

Bangaphinde babhekane nokuqina kokuhlangana ngemuva kokuhlala isikhathi eside noma lapho bevuka ekuseni. Ukuvuvukala okuhlangene kungaba khona ngemuva kwezikhathi ezinde zokunyakaza, futhi.

Ukwelashwa

Uma izindlela zokwelapha ezingezona ezemithi zingasebenzi noma zingasanikezi ukukhululeka kobuhlungu abake bakwenza, udokotela wakho angancoma isigaba semithi eyaziwa ngokuthi i-corticosteroids.

Izidakamizwa zeCorticosteroid zifaka phakathi i-cortisone, i-hormone ekhonjiswe ukuthi iqeda izinhlungu ze-OA lapho ijojowe eduze kwejoyinti elithintekile. ICortisone iyatholakala njengomuthi owenza imithi, kodwa futhi ikhiqizwa ngokwemvelo ngumzimba wakho.

Eminye imijovo ye-corticosteroid ingafakwa kathathu noma kane ngonyaka. Ezinye, njenge-triamcinolone acetonide (iZilretta), zenziwa kanye kuphela.

Imiphumela yomjovo we-corticosteroid uyaphela cishe ezinyangeni ezimbili. Kodwa-ke, wena nodokotela wakho kufanele nibheke ukusetshenziswa kwemijovo ye-corticosteroid ngokucophelela. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kungadala umonakalo ngokuhlanganyela.

Uma ama-NSAID e-counter noma i-acetaminophen engasasebenzi, umuthi wezinhlungu kadokotela, njenge-codeine ne-oxycodone, ungasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu obukhuphukile obujwayelekile esigabeni sesi-3 se-OA. Ngesikhathi esifushane, le mithi ingasetshenziselwa ukwelapha ubuhlungu obulinganiselayo nobunzima.

Kodwa-ke, imithi ye-narcotic ayinconywa ukuthi isetshenziswe isikhathi eside ngenxa yengozi yokwanda kokubekezelelana nokuncika okungenzeka. Imiphumela emibi yale mithi ifaka isicanucanu, ukulala nokukhathala.

Abantu abangaphenduli ekwelashweni okulondolozayo kokulashwa kwe-OA-physical, ukwehla kwesisindo, ukusetshenziswa kwama-NSAID kanye nama-analgesics-bangaba ngabaqokelwe okuhle be-viscosupplementation.

Ama-viscosupplements angama-injection we-intra-articular we-hyaluronic acid. Ukwelashwa okujwayelekile nge-viscosupplement kudinga imijovo eyodwa kuya kwemihlanu ye-hyaluronic acid, enikezwe isonto elilodwa lihlukene. Kunemijovo embalwa etholakala njengomjovo womthamo owodwa.

Imiphumela yomjovo we-viscosupplementation awusheshe. Eqinisweni, kungathatha amasonto ambalwa ukuthi umuzwa wokwelashwa uzwakale ngokuphelele, kepha ukukhululeka ezibonakalisweni ngokuvamile kuhlala izinyanga ezimbalwa. Akuwona wonke umuntu ophendula kule mijovo.

Isigaba 4

Isigaba 4 OA sithathwa “njengesinzima.” Abantu abasesigabeni 4 OA samadolo bathola ubuhlungu obukhulu nokungahambi kahle lapho behamba noma behambisa ilunga.

Lokho kungenxa yokuthi isikhala esihlangene phakathi kwamathambo sincishiswe ngokumangazayo-uqwanga cishe seluphele nya, kusale ilunga liqinile futhi mhlawumbe linganyakazi. I-synovial fluid yehle kakhulu, futhi ayisasizi ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana phakathi kwezingxenye ezihambayo zejoyinti.

Ukwelashwa

Ukuhlinzwa kabusha kwamathambo, noma i-osteotomy, kuyindlela eyodwa kubantu abane-OA enzima yamadolo. Phakathi nalokhu kuhlinzwa, udokotela ohlinzayo usika ithambo ngenhla noma ngaphansi kwedolo ukuze alifinyeze, alikhulise, noma ashintshe ukuqondanisa kwalo.

Lokhu kuhlinzwa kususa isisindo somzimba wakho kude namaphoyinti ethambo lapho kwenzeka khona ukukhula okukhulu kwamathambo nokulimala kwethambo. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa ezigulini ezisencane.

Ukuguqulwa kwamadolo ngokuphelele, noma i-arthroplasty, kuyisinyathelo sokugcina seziguli eziningi ezine-OA enzima yamadolo. Phakathi nale nqubo, udokotela ohlinzayo ususa ilunga elonakele bese elifaka esikhundleni sepulasitiki nensimbi.

Imiphumela emibi yalokhu kuhlinzwa ifaka ukutheleleka endaweni yokusika kanye namahlule egazi. Ukubuyiselwa emuva kule nqubo kuthatha amasonto noma izinyanga ezimbalwa futhi kudinga ukwelashwa okubanzi komzimba kanye nokusebenza.

Kungenzeka ukuthi ukufaka esikhundleni sedolo lakho lesifo samathambo ngeke kube ukuphela kwezinkinga zamadolo akho e-OA. Ungadinga ukuhlinzwa okwengeziwe noma okunye ukufaka amadolo ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakho, kepha ngamadolo amasha, kungahlala amashumi eminyaka.