Otitis media: kuyini, izimpawu eziyinhloko nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Ungayibona kanjani i-otitis enganeni
• Yelashwa kanjani
• Izinketho zokwelashwa ekhaya
• Izinhlobo ze-otitis media

I-Otitis media ukuvuvukala kwendlebe, okungenzeka ngenxa yokuba khona kwamagciwane noma amabhaktheriya, yize kunezinye izimbangela ezingavamile kakhulu njengokutheleleka kwefungal, ukuhlukumezeka noma ukungezwani komzimba.

I-Otitis ivame kakhulu ezinganeni, noma kunjalo kungenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, futhi ibangele izimpawu ezinjengezindlebe, ukuphuma okuphuzi noma okumhlophe, ukulahleka kokuzwa, umkhuhlane kanye nokucasuka.

Ukwelashwa kwayo kuvame ukwenziwa ngemithi yokuqeda izimpawu, njengeDipyrone noma i-Ibuprofen, futhi uma kunezimpawu zokutheleleka ngamagciwane, imvamisa nge-pus, udokotela angancoma ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

I-Otitis media, noma yangaphakathi, ukuvuvukala okuvame ukuvela ngemuva kokuhlaselwa okubandayo noma kwesinus. Lokhu kuvuvukala kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni nasezinganeni, kepha kungenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, futhi kutholakala ngokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha nge-otoscope, ekhombisa ubukhona bokuqongelela uketshezi nezinye izinguquko endlebeni. Izimpawu yilezi:

• ukutholakala kwemfihlo noma ukuqoqwa koketshezi,
• ukuncipha kokuzwa,
• imfiva,
• ukucasuka,
• ububomvu nokugcwala kwe-eardrum;

Imbangela enkulu ye-otitis ukuba khona kwama-virus, njenge-Influenza, igciwane lokuphefumula le-syncytial noma i-rhinovirus, noma amabhaktheriya, S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae noma M. catarrhalis. Ezinye izimbangela ezijwayelekile zifaka ukungezwani komzimba, i-reflux, noma izinguquko ze-anatomical.

Ungayibona kanjani i-otitis enganeni

I-Otitis ezinganeni kungaba nzima kakhulu ukuyibona, njengoba bengakwazi ukuveza izimpawu kahle. Izimpawu nezimpawu ezingakhombisa i-otitis enganeni ubunzima bokuncelisa, ukukhala okungapheli, ukucasuka, umkhuhlane noma ukuthinta indlebe kaningi, ikakhulukazi uma kuke kwaba nomkhuhlane wangaphambilini.

Lapho kukhona lezi zimpawu, kubalulekile ukuthi ufune usizo kudokotela wezingane ukuze uhlolwe, ikakhulukazi uma kunezimpawu zephunga elibi endlebeni noma ebukhoneni, njengoba zikhombisa ubukhali. Thola eminye imininingwane, nodokotela wezingane, ngezimbangela eziyinhloko nokuthi ungabubona kanjani ubuhlungu bendlebe enganeni.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kuvame ukwenziwa ngokusho kwembangela, ngakho-ke, kungabandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwama-analgesics kanye nama-anti-inflammatories, ngaphezu kwama-decongestants nama-antihistamine ukuzama ukunciphisa ubuhlungu, ukuminyana kwamakhala, nezinye izimpawu ezibandayo.

Ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic kungadingeka futhi, izinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kweziyi-10, njenge-Amoxicillin, ngokwesibonelo, esivame ukusetshenziswa lapho izimpawu ziqhubeka noma ngabe sekuqale ukwelashwa ngeminye imishanguzo, uma kukhona izinguquko ekuhloleni ulwelwesi lwe-tympanic uma i-eardrum igcwele noma uma izimpawu zikhulu kakhulu.

Ngokuya ngohlobo nobukhulu be-otitis, ukwelashwa kungadinga nokuhlinzwa ukuze kukhishwe uketshezi endlebeni, noma i-tympanoplasty, uma kwenzeka kugobeka i-eardrum.

Izinketho zokwelashwa ekhaya

Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa okukhonjiswe ngudokotela, futhi ungalokothi ubeke okunye esikhundleni salokhu, ezinye izinyathelo zingathathwa ekhaya ukusheshisa ukululama nokususa izimpawu, njenge:

• Phuza uketshezi oluningi, ukugcina kunamanzi usuku lonke;
• Hlala ekhaya, ukugwema ukuzivocavoca noma imisebenzi ekhathazayo;
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo nokulinganisela, ngokudla okunothe ngezithelo, imifino, okusanhlamvu nembewu, njengoba kunothile ku-omega-3 nezinye izakhi zomzimba ezisiza ekululameni okungcono ekuvukeleni;
• Yenza ukucindezela okufudumele esifundeni esingaphandle sendlebe, kungasiza ekudambiseni izinhlungu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, awusoze waconsa noma imuphi umkhiqizo endlebeni, ngaphandle kwaleyo ekhonjiswe ngudokotela, ngoba lokhu kungadala ukuvuvukala futhi kuphazamise ukululama.

Izinhlobo ze-otitis media

I-Otitis media nayo ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, ezahluka ngokuya ngezimpawu nezimpawu, ubude besikhathi kanye nenani leziqephu zokuvuvukala. Okuyinhloko kufaka:

• Imidiya ye-otitis media: kuyindlela ejwayelekile kunazo zonke, ngokuqala ngokushesha kwezimpawu nezimpawu, njengobuhlungu bendlebe nomkhuhlane, okubangelwa ukutheleleka okunamandla kwendlebe ephakathi;
• Imithombo yezindaba yama-otitis evamile: yi-acute otitis media ephinda iziqephu ezingaphezu kwezingu-3 ezinyangeni eziyisithupha noma iziqephu ezi-4 ezinyangeni eziyi-12, imvamisa, ngenxa yegciwane elifanayo eliphindaphindayo noma lokutheleleka okusha;
• Imithombo ye-Serous otitis: okubizwa nangokuthi i-otitis media nge-effusion, ukubakhona koketshezi endlebeni ephakathi, okungahlala amasonto ambalwa kuya ezinyangeni, ngaphandle kokubangela izimpawu noma izimpawu zokutheleleka;
• I-suppurative chronic otitis media: ibonakala ngokutholakala kwemfihlo eqhubekayo noma ephindaphindayo, kanye nokugcwala kolwelwesi lwe-tympanic.

Ukwehlukanisa phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ze-otitis, udokotela uvame ukwenza ukuhlolwa komtholampilo, ngokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, ukubonwa kwendlebe nge-otoscope, ngaphezu kokuhlolwa kwezimpawu nezimpawu.