I-Oximetry: kuyini namanani we-saturation ajwayelekile

-Delile

• 1. I-Pulse oximetry (engahlaseli)
• 2.Igesi ye-Oximetry / yegazi (engenayo)
• Amanani okugcwala ajwayelekile
• Nakekela umphumela onembe kakhudlwana

I-Oximetry yisivivinyo esivumela ukuthi ulinganise ukusuthiswa komoya-mpilo wegazi, lelo iphesenti le-oxygen elithuthwa egazini. Lokhu kuhlolwa, okungenziwa esibhedlela noma ekhaya nge-pulse oximeter, kubalulekile lapho izifo eziphazamisa noma eziphazamisa ukusebenza kwamaphaphu, izifo zenhliziyo noma izifo zemizwa, ngokwesibonelo.

Ngokuvamile, i-oximetry engaphezulu kwama-90% ikhombisa ukwakheka kahle kwegazi okuhle, kepha-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthi udokotela ahlole icala ngalinye. Izinga eliphansi le-oxygenation legazi lingakhombisa isidingo sokwelashwa esibhedlela nge-oxygen, futhi lingakhombisa isimo esisongela impilo uma singalungiswa kahle. Qonda ukuthi yini imiphumela yokushoda komoya-mpilo egazini.

Kunezindlela ezimbili zokukala ukugcwaliswa komoya-mpilo:

1. I-Pulse oximetry (engahlaseli)

Le yindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu yokukala ukugcwala komoya-mpilo, njengoba kuyindlela engeyona eyeyokuhlasela ekala inani lomoya-mpilo ngethuluzi elincane, elibizwa nge-pulse oximeter, elithintana nesikhumba, imvamisa emaphethelweni umunwe.

Inzuzo enkulu yalesi silinganiso ukuthi akudingekile ukuqoqa igazi, ukugwema ukulunywa. Ngokungeziwe ku-oximetry, le divayisi ingakwazi futhi ukukala enye idatha ebalulekile, efana nenani lokushaya kwenhliziyo nesilinganiso sokuphefumula, ngokwesibonelo.

• Isebenza kanjani: i-oximeter ye-pulse inenzwa yokukhanya ethatha inani le-oxygen elidlula egazini ngaphansi kwendawo lapho kwenziwa khona ukuhlolwa futhi, ngemizuzwana embalwa, ikhombisa inani. Lezi zinzwa zithatha izilinganiso ezisheshayo, ezijwayelekile futhi zenzelwe ukuthi zisetshenziswe eminweni, ezinzwaneni noma endlebeni.

I-pulse oximetry isetshenziswa kakhulu odokotela nabanye ochwepheshe bezempilo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komtholampilo, ikakhulukazi ezimweni zezifo ezidala ubunzima ekuphefumuleni, njengephaphu, inhliziyo kanye nezifo zemizwa, noma ngesikhathi sokubulawa izinzwa, kepha ingasetshenziswa ukuqapha isimo sempilo uma kwenzeka yokutheleleka nge-coronavirus. I-oximeter nayo ingathengwa ezitolo zezokwelapha noma zezibhedlela.

2.Igesi ye-Oximetry / yegazi (engenayo)

Ngokungafani ne-pulse oximetry, i-arterial gas gas analysis iyindlela yokuhlasela yokukala isilinganiso somoya-mpilo egazini, njengoba kwenziwa ngokuqoqelwa kwegazi esirinji, futhi kulokhu kudingeka induku yenaliti. Ngalesi sizathu, lolu hlobo lokuhlolwa aluvamile kakhulu kune-pulse oximetry.

Inzuzo yamagesi emithambo yegazi yisilinganiso esinembe kakhudlwana samazinga wokugcwaliswa komoya-mpilo egazini, ngaphezu kokukwazi ukuhlinzeka ngezinye izinyathelo ezibalulekile, njengezinga lesikhutha, i-pH noma inani lama-asidi ne-bicarbonate egazini, isibonelo.

• Isebenza kanjani: kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuqoqwa kwegazi okulandelanayo bese lesi sampuli sithathwa ukuthi sikalwe entweni ethile elabhorethri. Imithambo yegazi esetshenziselwa kakhulu lolu hlobo lokulinganisa ingumthambo we-radial, esihlakaleni, noma sowesifazane, emgodini, kepha eminye ingasetshenziswa.

Lolu hlobo lwesilinganiso luvame ukusetshenziswa kuphela ezimweni lapho isiguli sidinga ukubhekwa ngokuqhubekayo noma ngokunembe kakhudlwana, okuvame kakhulu ezimeni ezinjengokuhlinzwa okukhulu, isifo senhliziyo esibi, i-arrhythmias, ukutheleleka okujwayelekile, ushintsho olungazelelwe ekucindezelweni kwegazi noma izimo zokwehluleka ukuphefumula, isibonelo. Funda ukuthi kuyini ukwehluleka kokuphefumula nokuthi kunganciphisa kanjani i-oxygenation yegazi.

Amanani okugcwala ajwayelekile

Umuntu ophilile, onomoya owanele womzimba, uvamise ukuba nokugcwala komoya-mpilo ngaphezu kwama-95%, noma kunjalo, kujwayelekile ukuthi ezimeni ezimnene, ezifana nemikhuhlane noma umkhuhlane, ukusuthisa kuphakathi kuka-90 no-95%, ngaphandle kwesizathu sokukhathazeka.

Lapho ukugcwala kufinyelela amanani angaphansi kwama-90%, kungakhombisa ukuncipha kokutholakala komoya-mpilo emzimbeni ngenxa yokuba khona kwesifo esithile esibi kakhulu esikwazi ukwehlisa ukusebenza kahle kokuhwebelana kwegesi phakathi kwamaphaphu negazi, njengesifuba somoya, i-pneumonia, i-emphysema, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo noma izifo zemizwa ngisho nenkinga yeCovid-19, isibonelo.

Kumagesi egazi emithanjeni, ngaphezu kwesilinganiso sokugcwaliswa komoya-mpilo, ingcindezi yengcindezi ye-oxygen (Po2) nayo iyahlolwa, okumele ibe phakathi kuka-80 no-100 mmHg.

Nakekela umphumela onembe kakhudlwana

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi amadivayisi alinganisa ukusuthiswa komoya-mpilo alinganiswe njalo, ukugwema imiphumela eshintshiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho usebenzisa i-oximeter ye-pulse, ezinye izinyathelo zokugwema ukushintsha ukuhlolwa zifaka:

• Gwema ukusebenzisa koqweqwe lwawo noma izinzipho zamanga, njengoba ziguqula ukudlula kwenzwa yokukhanya;
• Gcina isandla sikhululekile futhi singaphansi kwezinga lenhliziyo;
• Vikela ifoni endaweni ekhanyayo kakhulu noma enelanga;
• Qiniseka ukuthi idivayisi imi kahle.

Ngaphambi kokwenza ukuhlolwa, udokotela kufanele futhi aphenye ezinye izifo ezinjenge-anemia noma ukungahambi kahle kwegazi, okungaphazamisa ukukalwa kwe-oxygenation yegazi.