I-PANDAS: Umhlahlandlela Wabazali

-Delile

• Ziyini izimpawu?
• Kubangelwa yini?
• Ubani osengozini?
• Kutholakala kanjani?
• Yini ukwelashwa?
• Ukwelapha ukutheleleka nge-strep
• Ukwelapha izimpawu ezingokwengqondo
• Ingabe zikhona izinkinga ezingaba khona?
• Ngingalutholaphi usizo?
• Uyini umbono?

Kuyini i-PANDAS?

I-PANDAS imele ukuphazamiseka kwengane okuzenzakalelayo kwe-neuropsychiatric okuhambisana ne-streptococcus. Lesi sifo sibandakanya ushintsho oluzumayo futhi kaningi olukhulu ebuntwini, ekuziphatheni nasekunyakazeni ezinganeni kulandela ukutheleleka okubandakanya IStreptococcus pyogenes (iStreptococcal -Ainfection).

Ukutheleleka okuthelekayo kungaba mnene, kungabangeli lutho ngaphandle kokutheleleka kwesikhumba okuncane noma umphimbo obuhlungu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, zingadala i-strep kali, umkhuhlane obomvu, nezinye izifo. I-Strep itholakala ngaphakathi komphimbo naphezu kwesikhumba. Uyayithola uma umuntu onegciwane ekhwehlela noma ethimula bese uphefumulela amaconsi noma uthinte izindawo ezingcolile, bese uthinta ubuso bakho.

Iningi labantu abane-strep infection benza ukululama okugcwele. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izingane ziba nezimpawu ezingazelelwe zomzimba nezengqondo emasontweni ambalwa ngemuva kokutheleleka. Lapho seziqalile, lezi zimpawu zivame ukuba zimbi ngokushesha.

Qhubeka ufunde ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nezimpawu ze-PANDAS, ukuthi iphathwa kanjani, nokuthi ungalutholaphi usizo.

Ziyini izimpawu?

Izimpawu ze-PANDAS ziqala ngokuzumayo, cishe amasonto amane kuya kwayisithupha ngemuva kokutheleleka nge-strep. Kubandakanya isimilo esifana ne-obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) ne-Tourette syndrome. Lezi zimpawu zingaphazamisa ukufunda futhi zisheshe zenze buthakathaka. Izimpawu ziba zimbi kakhulu futhi zifinyelela phezulu kwazo ngokuvamile ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezintathu, ngokungafani nezinye izifo zengqondo ebuntwaneni ezikhula kancane kancane.

Izimpawu zengqondo zingafaka:

• imikhuba eyeqisayo, ephoqelelayo, ephindaphindayo
• ukukhathazeka ngokwehlukana, ukwesaba, nokuhlaselwa ukwethuka
• ukumemeza okungapheli, ukucasuka, nokushintsha kwemizwelo njalo
• ukuhlehla ngokomzwelo nentuthuko
• ukubona izinto ezingekho emqondweni noma ezibukwayo
• ukudana nemicabango yokuzibulala

Izimpawu zomzimba zingabandakanya:

• ama-tics nokunyakaza okungavamile
• ukuzwela ekukhanyeni, umsindo, nokuthinta
• ukuwohloka kwamakhono amancane emoto noma ukubhala ngesandla okungafanele
• ukungasebenzi kahle noma ukungakwazi ukugxila
• izinkinga zememori
• inkathazo yokulala
• ukwenqaba ukudla, okungaholela ekunciphiseni isisindo
• ubuhlungu obuhlangene
• ukuchama kaningi nokuchama embhedeni
• eduze nesimo se-catatonic

Izingane ezine-PANDAS azinazo zonke lezi zimpawu ngaso sonke isikhathi, kepha ngokuvamile zinenhlanganisela yezimpawu ezithile zomzimba nezengqondo.

Kubangelwa yini?

Isizathu esiqondile se-PANDAS yisihloko socwaningo oluqhubekayo.

Omunye umbono uphakamisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kungenxa yempendulo engafanele yomzimba ekuthelelekeni nge-strep. Ama-Strep bacteria ahle kakhulu ekufihleni amasosha omzimba. Bazifihla ngama-molecule abukeka efana nama-molecule ajwayelekile atholakala emzimbeni.

Amasosha omzimba ekugcineni abamba ama-strep bacteria bese eqala ukukhiqiza amasosha omzimba. Kodwa-ke, ukufihla kuyaqhubeka nokudida ama-antibodies. Ngenxa yalokho, amasosha omzimba ahlasela izicubu zomzimba uqobo. Ama-antibody abhekise endaweni ethile yobuchopho, i-basal ganglia, ingadala izimpawu ze-neuropsychiatric ze-PANDAS.

Isethi efanayo yezimpawu ingalethwa yizifo ezingabandakanyi ama-strep bacteria. Uma kunjalo, ibizwa nge-pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS).

Ubani osengozini?

I-PANDAS kungenzeka ukuthi ikhule ezinganeni eziphakathi kweminyaka emithathu nengu-12 ubudala ezike zathola ukutheleleka nge-strep ngaphakathi kwamasonto amane kuya kwayisithupha edlule.

Ezinye izinto ezingaba yingozi zibandakanya ukuthambekela kofuzo kanye nezifo eziphindaphindayo.

Ingane yakho inamathuba amaningi okuthola ukutheleleka nge-strep ngasekupheleni kokwindla nasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ikakhulukazi uma isendaweni eseduze namaqembu amakhulu abantu. Ukusiza ukuvimbela ukutheleleka nge-strep, fundisa ingane yakho ukuthi ingahlanganyeli ngezinto zokudla noma izingilazi zokuphuza, futhi igeze izandla kaningi. Kufanele futhi bagweme ukuthinta amehlo nobuso lapho kungenzeka.

Kutholakala kanjani?

Uma ingane yakho ikhombisa izimpawu ezingavamile ngemuva kokutheleleka kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo, yenza i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wezingane ngokushesha. Kungasiza ukugcina iphephabhuku elinemininingwane yalezi zimpawu, kufaka phakathi ukuthi zaqala nini nokuthi zikuthinta kanjani impilo yengane yakho. Letha lolu lwazi, kanye nohlu lwanoma imuphi umuthi kadokotela noma imishanguzo ongayisebenzisa ethengwa ingane yakho noma esanda kuyithatha, lapho uvakashela udokotela. Qiniseka ukuthi ubika noma yikuphi ukutheleleka noma ukugula obekuzungeza esikoleni noma ekhaya.

Ukuthola ukutheleleka kwe-strep, udokotela wezingane wakho angathatha isiko lomphimbo noma ahlole igazi. Kodwa-ke, azikho izivivinyo zaselabhorethri noma zezinzwa zokuthola i-PANDAS. Esikhundleni salokho, udokotela wakho angafuna ukwenza izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene zegazi nomchamo ukukhipha ezinye izifo zobuntwana.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-PANDAS kudinga umlando wezokwelapha ngokucophelela nokuhlolwa komzimba. Izindlela zokuxilongwa yilezi:

• ukuba phakathi kweminyaka emithathu nokuthomba
• ukuqala okungazelelwe noma ukuwohloka kwezimpawu esezivele zikhona, nezimpawu ziba nzima kakhulu ngezikhathi ezithile
• ukuba khona kokuziphatha okuphoqelela ngokweqile, ukuphazamiseka kwe-tic, noma kokubili
• ubufakazi bezinye izimpawu ze-neuropsychiatric, ezinjengokungasebenzi kahle komzimba, ukuguquka kwemizwelo, ukuhlehliswa kwentuthuko, noma ukukhathazeka
• ukutheleleka kwangaphambilini noma kwamanje kwe-strep-A, okuqinisekiswa isiko lomphimbo noma ukuhlolwa kwegazi

Yini ukwelashwa?

Ukwelapha i-PANDAS kuhilela ukubhekana nezimpawu zomzimba nezengqondo. Ukuqala, udokotela wezingane uzogxila ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi ukutheleleka nge-strep sekuphele nya. Kuzodingeka futhi usebenze nochwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo onamalayisense ojwayele i-OCD ne-PANDAS.

Ukwelapha ukutheleleka nge-strep

Izifo ezithathelwanayo ziphathwa ngama-antibiotics.Ukutheleleka okuningi kwe-strep kuphathwa ngempumelelo ngenkambo eyodwa yama-antibiotic. Amanye ama-antibiotic asetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-strep afaka:

• amokfillin
• azithromycin
• cephalosporin
• i-penicillin

Kufanele futhi ucabangele ukuthi amanye amalungu omndeni ahlolwe i-strep ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi uthwale amabhaktheriya yize ungenazo izimpawu. Ukusiza ukugwema ukutheleleka kabusha, buyisela ibhulashi lamazinyo lengane yakho khona lapho futhi lapho beqeda inkambo yabo ephelele yama-antibiotic.

Ukwelapha izimpawu ezingokwengqondo

Izimpawu zengqondo zingaqala ukuthuthuka ngama-antibiotic, kepha kusazodingeka ukuthi zilungiswe ngokuhlukile. I-OCD nezinye izimpawu zengqondo ngokuvamile ziphathwa ngokwelashwa kokuziphatha kwengqondo.

I-OCD nayo ivame ukuphendula kahle kuma-serotonin reuptake inhibitors akhethiwe, uhlobo lwe-antidepressant. Ezinye ezivamile zifaka:

• i-fluoxetine
• i-fluvoxamine
• umabhebhana
• paroxetine

Le mithi izonikezwa ngemithamo emincane ukuqala. Zingakhula kancane uma kunesidingo.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zinempikiswano futhi kufanele zinqunywe ngamacala ngamacala. Abanye odokotela bangahle banikeze ama-corticosteroids, njenge-prednisone, ukuthuthukisa izimpawu ze-OCD. Kodwa-ke, ama-steroids angenza ama-tics abe mabi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho i-steroids isebenza, ingasetshenziswa kuphela isikhathi esifushane. Ngalesi sikhathi ngesikhathi, ama-steroids awanconywa njalo ekwelapheni i-PANDAS.

Ezinye izimo ezinzima ze-PANDAS zingase zingaphenduli emithini nasekwelapheni. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kwesinye isikhathi kunconywa ukushintshaniswa kweplasma yegazi ukususa ama-antibody ayiphutha egazini labo. Udokotela wezingane wakho futhi angancoma ukwelashwa kwe-immunoglobulin ngemithambo. Le nqubo isebenzisa imikhiqizo enikelayo ye-plasma yegazi ukusiza ukukhulisa amasosha omzimba wengane yakho. Ngenkathi abanye odokotela bebika impumelelo ngalezi zindlela zokwelapha, azikho izifundo eziqinisekisa ukuthi ziyasebenza.

Ingabe zikhona izinkinga ezingaba khona?

Izimpawu ze-PANDAS zingashiya ingane yakho ingakwazi ukusebenza esikoleni noma ezimweni zenhlalo. Ukungalashwa, izimpawu ze-PANDAS zingaqhubeka ziba zimbi futhi zingaholela ekulimaleni okungapheli kwengqondo. Kwezinye izingane, i-PANDAS ingaba isimo esingapheli sokuzimela.

Ngingalutholaphi usizo?

Ukuba nengane ene-PANDAS kungaba yingcindezi enkulu ngoba kuvame ukuza ngaphandle kwesixwayiso. Ngokuhamba kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, ungaqaphela ushintsho olukhulu lokuziphatha ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo. Okunezela kule nselele ukuthi akukho sivivinyo esisodwa se-PANDAS, noma ngabe izindlela zokuxilonga zenziwe. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lezi zindlela ziyahlangabezana ngaphambi kokuthola i-PANDAS.

Uma uzizwa ukhungathekile, cabanga ngalezi zinsiza:

• IPANDAS Network inikeza imininingwane ejwayelekile, izindaba ezimayelana nocwaningo lwakamuva, kanye nohlu lodokotela namaqembu okusekela.
• I-International OCD Foundation inolwazi nge-OCD ezinganeni kanye nephepha lamaqiniso elingalandwa eliqhathanisa i-OCD ne-PANDAS ne-PANS. Lokhu kuyasiza ikakhulukazi uma udokotela wezingane wakho engajwayelene kakhulu ne-PANDAS.
• I-PANDAS Physicians Network inikeza i-PANDAS Practitioner Directory, i-database engasesheka odokotela abajwayele i-PANDAS.

Ingane yakho nayo ingadinga usizo olwengeziwe esikoleni. Khuluma nothisha noma abaphathi besikole mayelana nokuxilongwa, ukuthi kusho ukuthini, nokuthi nonke ningasebenzisana kanjani ukuze kuzuze ingane yenu.

Uyini umbono?

I-PANDAS ayizange ikhonjwe kuze kube yi-1998, ngakho-ke azikho izifundo zesikhathi eside zezingane ezine-PANDAS. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusho ukuthi ingane yakho ayikwazi ukuba ngcono.

Ezinye izingane zithuthuka ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqala ama-antibiotic, yize izimpawu zingabuya uma zithola ukutheleleka okusha kwe-strep. Iningi lilulama ngaphandle kwezimpawu zesikhathi eside. Kwabanye, kungaba yinkinga eqhubekayo edinga ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic ngezikhathi ezithile ukulawula izifo ezingadala ukuqhuma.