Ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap: kuyini, kwenzelwa ini kanye nemiphumela

-Delile

• Yenzelwe ini
• Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlolwa
• Ukulungiselela kanjani
• Uyenza nini i-pap smear
• Pap smear ekukhulelweni
• Ukuqonda imiphumela

IPap smear, ebizwa nangokuthi ukuhlolwa kokuvikela, ukuhlolwa kwabesifazane okuboniswe kwabesifazane kusukela ekuqaleni kocansi, okuhlose ukuthola izinguquko nezifo emlomo wesibeletho, njengokuvuvukala, i-HPV nomdlavuza.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kuyashesha, kwenziwa ehhovisi likadokotela wezifo zabesifazane futhi akulimazi, kodwa-ke owesifazane angazizwa engaphatheki kahle noma ecindezelekile ngaphakathi esithweni sangasese ngenkathi udokotela ekhuhla amaseli wesibeletho.

Yenzelwe ini

I-Pap smear yenziwa ukukhomba ushintsho esibelethweni, olungafaka phakathi:

• Ukutheleleka kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane, njenge-trichomoniasis, i-candidiasis noma i-bacterial vaginosis ngo I-Gardnerella vaginalis;
• Izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi, njenge-chlamydia, i-gonorrhea, i-syphilis noma i-HPV;
• Umdlavuza wesibeletho;
• Linganisa impilo yomlomo wesibeletho nokuba khona kwama-cyb Nabothi, okuyizigaxa ezincane ezingakhiwa ngenxa yokuqoqwa koketshezi olukhishwa yizinhlayiya ezikhona emlomo wesibeletho.

I-Pap smear nayo ingenziwa ngabesifazane abangazintombi ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala engama-21, besebenzisa okokusebenza okukhethekile futhi kuphela ngokuyalelwa ngudokotela, ukuze kuhlolwe umlomo wesibeletho futhi kukhonjwe nezinguquko ezingaba khona.

Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlolwa

Ukuhlolwa kwePap kulula, kuyashesha futhi kuyenziwa ehhovisi likadokotela wabesifazane. Kodwa-ke, ukuze kwenziwe, kubalulekile ukuthi owesifazane alandele izinkombandlela ezithile, njengokuthatha ukuhlolwa ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokuya esikhathini, ukungabi nezihlambi zangasese nokusebenzisa okhilimu besisu ngaphambi kwamahora angama-48 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa futhi angayi ocansini amahora angama-48 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa ukuhlolwa.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, owesifazane usesimweni sokubeletha kanti nedivayisi yokwelashwa yokubuka umlomo wesibeletho ifakwa emgodini wesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Ngemuva kwalokho, udokotela usebenzisa i-spatula noma ibhulashi ukuqoqa isampula elincane lamaseli azothunyelwa ukuyohlolwa elabhorethri. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwenziwa ama-slide amabili ngezinto eziqoqwe ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ezithunyelwa elebhu ye-microbiology ukukhomba ukuthi kukhona yini ama-microorganisms.

Ukuhlolwa akulimazi, noma kunjalo ungazizwa ungakhululekile noma umuzwa wengcindezi ngaphakathi kwesibeletho ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, kepha ukuzwa kuzodlula ngemuva nje kokususwa kwe-spatula nedivayisi yezokwelapha.

Bona okuningi mayelana nokuthi kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlolwa kwePap.

Ukulungiselela kanjani

Ukulungiselela i-pap smear kulula futhi kufaka phakathi ukugwema ubudlelwano obuseduze nokusetshenziswa kwamakhondomu, ukugwema ukugeza ngenhlanzeko esondelene nokugwema ukusetshenziswa kwemithi noma izinto zokuvimbela inzalo ezithweni zangasese ezinsukwini ezimbili ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, owesifazane futhi kumele angayi esikhathini, ngoba ukuba khona kwegazi kungashintsha imiphumela yokuhlolwa.

Bona lapho kudingeka ezinye izivivinyo ukuhlola umlomo wesibeletho.

Uyenza nini i-pap smear

Ukuhlolwa kwePap kukhonjiswa kwabesifazane kusukela ekuqaleni kocansi kuze kube yiminyaka engama-65, kepha kubekwa phambili kwabesifazane abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-25 nengama-65 ubudala. Lokhu kuhlolwa kufanele kwenziwe minyaka yonke, kepha uma umphumela ungemuhle iminyaka emi-2 ilandelana, ukuhlolwa kungenziwa njalo eminyakeni emithathu. Lesi sincomo sikhona ngenxa yokuvela kancane komdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho, okuvumela izilonda zangaphambi komdlavuza nomdlavuza ukuthi zibonwe kusenesikhathi futhi ukwelashwa kungaqalwa ngemuva kwalokho.

Endabeni yabesifazane abaneminyaka yobudala engama-64 abangakaze benze iPap smear, isincomo ukuthi izivivinyo ezimbili kufanele zenziwe ngekhefu lonyaka owodwa kuya kwemithathu phakathi kwezivivinyo. Endabeni yabesifazane abanezilonda ezibonisa umdlavuza wesibeletho, iPap smear yenziwa njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho ubangelwa yiHuman Papillomavirus, i-HPV, okumele ihlonzwe futhi yelashwe ukuyivimba ukuthi ihlale emzimbeni futhi iholele ekuthuthukiseni umdlavuza. Funda ukuthi ungabona kanjani ukutheleleka kwe-HPV nokuthi ukwelashwa kwenziwa kanjani.

Pap smear ekukhulelweni

Ama-pap smear angenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuze kube yinyanga yesine kakhulu, okungcono kakhulu okwenziwe ekuvakasheni kokuqala kokubeletha, uma owesifazane engakwenzanga lokho muva nje. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlolwa kuphephile enganeni, njengoba kungafinyeleli ngaphakathi kwesibeletho noma embungwini.

Ukuqonda imiphumela

Imiphumela yePap smear ikhishwa ilebhu ngokuya ngezimpawu zamaseli agadiwe ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu, okungaba:

• Isigaba I: umlomo wesibeletho ujwayelekile futhi unempilo;
• Isigaba II: ukuba khona kwezinguquko ezinobungozi kumaseli, okuvame ukubangelwa ukuvuvukala kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane;
• Isigaba III: kufaka phakathi i-NIC 1, 2 noma 3 noma i-LSIL, okusho ukuthi kunezinguquko kumaseli wesibeletho kanti udokotela anganikeza ezinye izivivinyo ukuze afune imbangela yenkinga, okungaba yi-HPV;
• Isigaba IV; I-NIC 3 noma i-HSIL, ekhombisa ukuqala komdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho okungenzeka;
• Isigaba V: ukuba khona komdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho.
• Isampula engagculisi: izinto eziqoqiwe bezinganele futhi ukuhlolwa akunakwenziwa.

Ngokuya komphumela, udokotela wezifo zabesifazane uzokutshela uma kunesidingo sokwenza izivivinyo eziningi nokuthi iluphi ukwelashwa okufanele. Ezimweni zokutheleleka nge-HPV noma ushintsho kumaseli, ukuhlolwa kufanele kwenziwe kabusha ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, futhi uma kusolwa umdlavuza, kufanele kwenziwe i-colposcopy, okuwukuhlolwa okunemininingwane eminingi kwabesifazane lapho udokotela ehlola khona isitho sangasese sowesifazane, isitho sangasese sowesifazane kanye umlomo wesibeletho. Qonda ukuthi yini i-colposcopy nokuthi yenziwa kanjani.