I-Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia (PSVT)

-Delile

• Yiziphi izici eziyingozi ze-paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia?
• Ziyini izimpawu ze-paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia?
• I-paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia itholakala kanjani?
• Iphathwa kanjani i-paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia?
• Uyini umbono we-paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia?
• Izinhlobo: I-Q & A.
• Q:
• A:

Kuyini i-paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia?

Iziqephu zesilinganiso senhliziyo esheshayo-kunokujwayelekile zibonisa i-paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT). I-PSVT uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile. Kungenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi nakubantu abangenazo ezinye izimo zenhliziyo.

I-node yesinus yenhliziyo ijwayele ukuthumela amasiginali kagesi ukutshela imisipha yenhliziyo ukuthi izongena nini. Ku-PSVT, indlela kagesi engajwayelekile idala ukuthi inhliziyo ishaye ngokushesha kunokujwayelekile. Iziqephu zokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo zingahlala kusuka emizuzwini embalwa kuya emahoreni ambalwa. Umuntu one-PSVT angaba nesilinganiso senhliziyo esifinyelela kuma-250 beats ngomzuzu (bpm). Izinga elijwayelekile liphakathi kuka-60 no-100 bpm.

I-PSVT ingadala izimpawu ezingakhululekile, kepha akuvamile ukuthi isongele impilo. Iningi labantu alidingi ukwelashwa isikhathi eside kwe-PSVT. Kunemithi nezinqubo ezingadingeka kwezinye izimo, ikakhulukazi lapho i-PSVT iphazamisa ukusebenza kwenhliziyo.

Igama elithi "paroxysmal" lisho ukuthi kwenzeka kuphela ngezikhathi ezithile.

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi ze-paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia?

I-PSVT ithinta cishe u-1 ezinganeni ezingama-2 500. Kuyisigqi senhliziyo esingajwayelekile kakhulu ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa nasezinsaneni. I-Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW) uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-PSVT ezinganeni nasezinsaneni.

I-PSVT ivame kakhulu kubantu abadala abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala. Abantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 banamathuba amaningi okuba ne-atrial fibrillation (AFib).

Enhliziyweni ejwayelekile, indawo yesinus iqondisa amasiginali kagesi ngendlela ethile. Lokhu kulawula imvamisa yokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho. Indlela eyengeziwe, evame ukuvela ku-tachycardia engaphezulu, ingaholela ekushayeni kwenhliziyo okusheshayo kwe-PSVT.

Kunemithi ethile eyenza i-PSVT ibe namathuba amaningi. Isibonelo, uma ithathwa ngemithamo emikhulu, umuthi wenhliziyo i-digitalis (digoxin) ungaholela eziqeshini ze-PSVT. Izenzo ezilandelayo zingakhuphula nobungozi bakho bokuba nesiqephu se-PSVT:

• ukungenisa i-caffeine
• ukuphuza utshwala
• ukubhema
• ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni
• ukuthatha imithi ethile yokungezwani komzimba nokukhwehlela

Ziyini izimpawu ze-paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia?

Izimpawu ze-PSVT zifana nezimpawu zesifo sokukhathazeka futhi zingafaka:

• ukushaya kwenhliziyo
• ishayela ngokushesha
• umuzwa wokuqina noma ubuhlungu esifubeni
• ukukhathazeka
• ukuphelelwa umoya

Ezimweni ezibucayi kakhulu, i-PSVT ingadala isizungu futhi iquleke ngisho ngenxa yokugeleza kwegazi okungahambi kahle kuya ebuchosheni.

Kwesinye isikhathi, umuntu ohlangabezana nezimpawu ze-PSVT angadida isimo ngesifo senhliziyo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma kuyisiqephu sabo sokuqala sePSVT. Uma ubuhlungu besifuba sakho bukhulu kufanele uhlale uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo uyohlolwa.

I-paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia itholakala kanjani?

Uma unesiqephu sokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, udokotela wakho uzokwazi ukukala isilinganiso senhliziyo yakho. Uma iphezulu kakhulu, bangasola i-PSVT.

Ukuthola i-PSVT, udokotela wakho uzoku-oda i-electrocardiogram (EKG). Lokhu ukulandelwa kukagesi kwenhliziyo. Kungasiza ukunquma ukuthi hlobo luni lwenkinga yesigqi oludala ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho okusheshayo. I-PSVT ingenye yezimbangela eziningi zokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo ngokungavamile. Udokotela wakho uzophinde ahlele i-echocardiogram, noma i-ultrasound yenhliziyo, ukuhlola usayizi, ukunyakaza, nokwakheka kwenhliziyo yakho.

Uma unesigqi senhliziyo noma isilinganiso esingajwayelekile, udokotela wakho angakudlulisela kuchwepheshe onguchwepheshe wezinkinga zikagesi zenhliziyo. Baziwa njengama-electrophysiologists noma ama-EP cardiologists. Bangase benze isifundo se-electrophysiology (EPS). Lokhu kuzobandakanya ukufaka izintambo emthanjeni ku-groin yakho kuze kufike enhliziyweni yakho. Lokhu kuzovumela udokotela wakho ukuthi ahlole isigqi senhliziyo yakho ngokuhlola izindlela zikagesi zenhliziyo yakho.

Udokotela wakho futhi angaqapha izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho isikhathi esithile. Kulokhu, ungafaka i-Holter monitor amahora angama-24 noma ngaphezulu. Ngaleso sikhathi, uzoba nezinzwa ezinamathiselwe esifubeni sakho futhi uzogqoka ithuluzi elincane eliqopha ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho. Udokotela wakho uzohlola okuqoshiwe ukuthola ukuthi unayo yini i-PSVT noma olunye uhlobo lwesigqi esingavamile.

Iphathwa kanjani i-paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia?

Ungahle ungadingi ukwelashwa uma izimpawu zakho zincane noma uma uneziqephu zokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukwelashwa kungadingeka uma unesimo esingaphansi esidala i-PSVT noma izimpawu ezinzima kakhulu njengokuhluleka kwenhliziyo noma ukudlula.

Uma unesilinganiso sokushaya kwenhliziyo esisheshayo kodwa izimpawu zakho azinzima, udokotela wakho angakukhombisa amasu okubuyisela ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kokujwayelekile. Ibizwa ngokuthi yi-Valsalva maneuver. Kuhilela ukuvala umlomo wakho nokuncinza ikhala lakho ngenkathi uzama ukukhipha nokuxhuma sengathi uzama ukunyakaza amathumbu. Kufanele ukwenze lokhu ngenkathi uhleli futhi ugobele umzimba wakho phambili.

Ungawenza lo mkhankaso ekhaya. Kungasebenza kuze kufike kumaphesenti angama-50 wesikhathi. Ungazama futhi ukukhwehlela ngenkathi uhleli futhi ugobile phambili. Ukuchitha amanzi eqhwa ebusweni bakho kungenye inqubo yokusiza ukwehlisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho.

Ukwelashwa kwe-PSVT kufaka imithi, efana ne-flecainide noma i-propafenone, ukusiza ukulawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho. Inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi yi-radiofrequency catheter ablation iyindlela ejwayelekile yokulungisa i-PSVT unomphela. Kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo ne-EPS. Ivumela udokotela wakho ukuthi asebenzise ama-electrode ukukhubaza indlela kagesi edala i-PSVT.

Uma i-PSVT yakho ingaphenduli kwezinye izindlela zokwelashwa, udokotela wakho angafaka ngokufaka i-pacemaker esifubeni sakho ukuze alawule izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho.

Uyini umbono we-paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia?

I-PSVT ayisongeli impilo. Kodwa-ke, uma unesimo senhliziyo esiyisisekelo, i-PSVT ingandisa ingozi yakho yokuhluleka kwenhliziyo, i-angina, noma ezinye izigqi ezingavamile. Khumbula ukuthi umbono wakho uncike empilweni yakho yonke kanye nezinketho zokwelashwa ezitholakalayo.

Izinhlobo: I-Q & A.

Q:

Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia?

A:

Uhlobo lwe-PSVT umuntu analo lususelwa endleleni kagesi eyimbangela. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko. Eyodwa isuselwa ezindleleni ezimbili zikagesi ezincintisanayo. Enye isekelwe endleleni eyengeziwe exhuma i-atrium (ingxenye ephezulu yenhliziyo) ne-ventricle (ingxenye engezansi yenhliziyo).

Indlela kagesi encintisanayo yiyona etholakala kakhulu kuPSVT. Uhlobo olubangelwa indlela eyengeziwe phakathi kwe-atrium ne-ventricle engabangi kangako i-PSVT futhi ivame ukuhlotshaniswa ne-Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW).

I-PSVT ingenye yezinhlobo eziningi zamanani wenhliziyo ashesha ukwedlula ejwayelekile aziwa njenge-supraventricular tachycardias (SVT). Ngaphandle kwe-PSVT, isigqi se-SVT sihlanganisa nokushaya kwenhliziyo okuhlukahlukene okungavamile. Ezinye zazo zibandakanya i-atrial flutter, i-atrial fibrillation (AFib), ne-multifocal atrial tachycardia (MAT). Uhlobo lwe-PSVT onalo aluthinti ukwelashwa noma umbono wakho.