Kuyini i-Phlebitis?

-Delile

• Izinhlobo ze-phlebitis
• Izimpawu ze-phlebitis
• Izinkinga zesimo
• Yini ebangela i-phlebitis
• Ngubani osengozini
• Ukuhlonza i-phlebitis
• Ukwelapha isimo
• Ukuvimbela i-phlebitis
• Umbono

Ukubuka konke

I-phlebitis ukuvuvukala komthambo. Imithambo yimithambo yegazi emzimbeni wakho ethwala igazi elivela ezithweni zakho nasemalungeni abuyele enhliziyweni yakho.

Uma ihlule legazi lidala ukuvuvukala, libizwa ngokuthi i-thrombophlebitis. Lapho ihlule legazi lisemthanjeni ojulile, libizwa ngokuthi i-deep vein thrombophlebitis, noma i-deep vein thrombosis (DVT).

Izinhlobo ze-phlebitis

I-phlebitis ingaba phezulu noma ijule.

I-phlebitis engaphezulu ibhekisa ekuvuvukeni komthambo eduze kwesikhumba sakho. Lolu hlobo lwe-phlebitis lungadinga ukwelashwa, kepha ngokuvamile alubi sína. I-phlebitis engaphezulu ingabangelwa i-clot yegazi noma okuthile okubangela ukucasuka, njenge-catheter ye-intravenous (IV).

I-phlebitis ejulile isho ukuvuvukala kwemithambo ejulile, emikhulu, njengaleyo etholakala emilenzeni yakho. I-phlebitis ejulile kungenzeka ukuthi ibangelwe yi-clot yegazi, engaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu, esongela impilo. Kubalulekile ukwazi izinto ezinobungozi nezimpawu ze-DVT ukuze ukwazi ukuthola ukunakwa ngokushesha kudokotela wakho.

Izimpawu ze-phlebitis

Izimpawu ze-phlebitis zithinta ingalo noma umlenze lapho kutholakala khona umthambo ovuthayo. Lezi zimpawu zifaka:

• ububomvu
• ukuvuvukala
• imfudumalo
• "ukusakaza" okubomvu okubonakalayo engalweni noma emlenzeni
• ububele
• intambo noma isakhiwo esifana nentambo ongasizwa ngesikhumba

Ungase futhi uqaphele ubuhlungu enkonyane noma ethangeni lakho uma i-phlebitis yakho ibangelwa i-DVT. Ubuhlungu bungabonakala kakhulu lapho uhamba noma uguqula unyawo lwakho.

Kuphela kulabo abahlakulela izimpawu zesipiliyoni se-DVT. Lesi yisizathu sokuthi ama-DVT kungenzeka angatholakali kuze kuvele inkinga enkulu, efana ne-pulmonary embolism (PE).

Izinkinga zesimo

I-thrombophlebitis engaphezulu ngokuvamile ayibangeli izinkinga ezinkulu. Kepha kungaholela ekuthelelekeni kwesikhumba esiseduze, amanxeba esikhunjeni, kanye nokutheleleka kwegazi. Uma i-clot emthanjeni ongaphezulu ibanzi ngokwanele futhi ifaka indawo lapho kuhlangana khona umthambo ongaphezulu kanye nomthambo ojulile, i-DVT ingavela.

Kwesinye isikhathi abantu abazi ukuthi bane-DVT baze babhekane nenkinga esongela impilo. Inkinga ejwayelekile futhi ebucayi ye-DVT yi-PE. I-PE yenzeka lapho ucezu lwegazi eliqhekezayo luqhamuka futhi luye emaphashini, lapho livimba khona ukuhamba kwegazi.

Izimpawu ze-PE zifaka:

• ukuphefumula okungaqondakali
• ubuhlungu besifuba
• ekhwehlela igazi
• ubuhlungu ngokuphefumula okujulile
• ukuphefumula okusheshayo
• uzizwe unekhanda elincane noma udlula
• ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo

Shayela abezimo eziphuthumayo zasendaweni yakho uma ucabanga ukuthi ungahle ubhekane ne-PE. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Yini ebangela i-phlebitis

I-phlebitis ibangelwa ukulimala noma ukucasuka ulwelwesi lomthambo wegazi. Endabeni ye-phlebitis engaphezulu, lokhu kungabangelwa:

• ukubekwa kwepayipi le-IV
• ukuphathwa kwemithi ecasulayo emithanjeni yakho
• iqhwa elincane
• ukutheleleka

Endabeni ye-DVT, izimbangela zingafaka:

• ukucasuka noma ukulimala komthambo ojulile ngenxa yokuhlukumezeka njengokuhlinzwa, ithambo eliphukile, ukulimala kanzima, noma i-DVT yangaphambilini
• ukuhamba kancane kwegazi ngenxa yokuntuleka kokunyakaza, okungenzeka uma ulele embhedeni ululama ekuhlinzweni noma ekuhambeni isikhathi eside
• igazi elingahle likhukhumale kunokujwayelekile, okungaba ngenxa yemithi, umdlavuza, ukuphazamiseka kwezicubu, noma izimo zokuvala igazi ezizuzwe njengefa

Ngubani osengozini

Ukwazi ukuthi unezinto ezinobungozi zokuthuthukisa i-DVT kubalulekile ekuzivikeleni nasekuthuthukiseni uhlelo nodokotela wakho. Izici zobungozi ze-DVT zifaka phakathi:

• umlando we-DVT
• ukuphazamiseka kwegazi, njenge-factor V Leiden
• ukwelashwa kwama-hormone noma amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha
• isikhathi eside sokungasebenzi, okungalandela ukuhlinzwa
• ukuhlala isikhathi eside, njengesikhathi sokuhamba
• izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza nokwelashwa komdlavuza
• ukukhulelwa
• ukukhuluphala ngokweqile noma ukukhuluphala
• ukubhema
• ukusebenzisa kabi utshwala
• ukuba ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-60

Ukuhlonza i-phlebitis

I-phlebitis ingatholakala ngokuya ngezimpawu zakho kanye nokuhlolwa ngudokotela wakho. Ungahle ungadingi noma yiziphi izivivinyo ezikhethekile. Uma kusolwa ukuthi i-clot yegazi iyimbangela ye-phlebitis yakho, udokotela wakho angenza izivivinyo eziningi ngaphezu kokuthatha umlando wakho wezokwelapha nokukuhlola, noma kunjalo.

Udokotela wakho angalawula i-ultrasound yesitho sakho esithintekile. I-ultrasound isebenzisa amaza omsindo ukukhombisa ukugeleza kwegazi ngemithambo yakho nemithambo yegazi. Udokotela wakho angafuna futhi ukuhlola izinga lakho le-d-dimer. Lokhu ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuhlola into ekhishwe emzimbeni wakho lapho i-clot incibilika.

Uma i-ultrasound inganikeli impendulo ecacile, udokotela wakho futhi angenza i-venography, i-CT scan, noma i-MRI scan ukuze abheke ubukhona begazi.

Uma kutholakala iqhwa, udokotela wakho angafuna ukuthatha amasampuli egazi ukuhlola ukukhubazeka kokuvala igazi okungadala i-DVT.

Ukwelapha isimo

Ukwelashwa kwe-phlebitis engaphezulu kungafaka ukususwa kwe-catheter ye-IV, ukucindezela okufudumele, noma ama-antibiotic uma kusolwa ukutheleleka.

Ukwelapha i-DVT, kungadingeka ukuthi uthathe ama-anticoagulants, okwenza kube nzima ngegazi lakho ukuminyana.

Uma i-DVT inkulu kakhulu futhi idala izinkinga ezinkulu ngokubuyiswa kwegazi emlenzeni, ungaba umuntu ozobhekela inqubo ebizwa nge-thrombectomy. Kule nqubo, udokotela ohlinzayo ufaka ucingo ne-catheter emthanjeni othintekile futhi asuse ihlwili, alichithe ngemithi ehlukanisa iqhwa, njengezicubu ze-plasminogen activators, noma enze inhlanganisela yakho kokubili.

Ukufakwa kwesihlungi komunye wemithambo yegazi yakho emikhulu, i-vena cava, kunganconywa uma une-DVT futhi usengozini enkulu ye-embolism ye-pulmonary kodwa awukwazi ukuthatha izinciphisi zegazi. Lesi sihlungi ngeke sivimbele amahlule egazi ukuthi akheke, kepha sizovimbela izingcezu zehlwili ekuhambeni liye emaphashini akho.

Eziningi zalezi zihlungi ziyasuswa ngoba izihlungi ezingapheli zidala izinkinga ngemuva kokuba sezikhona unyaka owodwa noma emibili. Lezi zinkinga zifaka:

• ukutheleleka
• ukulimala okusongela impilo ku-vena cava
• ukwandiswa kwemithambo yegazi ezungeze isihlungi, esivumela amahlule ukuba adlule ngesihlungi angene emaphashini
• ivalela phezulu, ivule, futhi idlule isihlungi ngaphakathi kwe-vena cava, okugcina okungaphuma kuye emaphashini

Ukunciphisa izinto ezinobungozi ekuthuthukiseni ama-DVT wesikhathi esizayo nakho kuzoba yingxenye ebalulekile yokwelashwa.

Ukuvimbela i-phlebitis

Uma usengozini yokuthuthukisa i-DVT, kunezindlela eziningi ongazithatha ukuze unqande i-clot yegazi ekwakheni. Amanye amasu wokuvikela abalulekile afaka:

• ukuxoxa ngezinto zakho eziyingozi nodokotela wakho, ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kwenqubo yokuhlinzwa
• ukuvuka nokuhamba ngokushesha okukhulu ngemuva kokuhlinzwa
• ukugqoka amasokisi okucindezela
• ukwelula imilenze yakho nokuphuza amanzi amaningi lapho usohambweni
• uthatha imishanguzo njengokuyalelwa ngudokotela wakho, okungafaka ababanciphisi begazi

Umbono

I-phlebitis engaphezulu ivame ukuphilisa ngaphandle kwemiphumela ehlala njalo.

I-DVT, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingasongela impilo futhi idinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi unezinto ezinobungozi zokuthuthukisa i-DVT nokuthi uthole ukunakekelwa okuvamile kwezokwelapha kudokotela wakho.

Uma uke wahlangabezana ne-DVT phambilini, ungahle uthambekele ekuhlangabezaneni nenye ngokuzayo. Ukuthatha izinyathelo ezisebenzayo kungasiza ekuvimbeleni i-DVT.