I-pneumonia ye-Viral: kuyini, izimpawu eziyinhloko nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu ze-pneumonia yegciwane
• Ungasho kanjani ukuthi ingane yakho ine-pneumonia
• Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa
• Yelashwa kanjani
• Ungakuvimbela kanjani

I-viral pneumonia wuhlobo lokutheleleka emaphashini oludala ukuvuvukala kohlelo lokuphefumula futhi luholele ekubonakaleni kwezimpawu ezithile, ezinjengomkhuhlane, ukuphefumula okuncane nokukhwehlela, okuya ngokuya kuba kubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lolu hlobo lwe-pneumonia lwenzeka kaningi kubantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, njengezingane nasebekhulile, ikakhulukazi.

Amagciwane amakhulu adala lolu hlobo lwe-pneumonia amagciwane adala imikhuhlane nemikhuhlane, njenge Umkhuhlanethayipha A, B noma C, I-H1N1, i-H5N1 kanye ne-coronavirus entsha ka-2019 (i-COVID-19) ngaphezu kokunye njengegciwane le-parainfluenza, igciwane lokuphefumula le-syncytial kanye ne-adenovirus, ngokwesibonelo, elingathwalwa ngamathe noma ngamaconsi emfihlo okuphefumula amiswe emoyeni umuntu otheleleke komunye.

Yize amagciwane ahlobene ne-pneumonia yegciwane edluliswa kalula esuka komunye umuntu aye komunye, umuntu akabi nayo i-pneumonia ngaso sonke isikhathi, uvame ukuba nezimpawu zomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane, ngoba amasosha omzimba akwazi ukulwa naleli gciwane. Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe ingozi yokuba ne-pneumonia ingekho phezulu, kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuzivikela, njengokugwema ukuxhumana okuseduze nomuntu ogulayo nokuba nemikhuba emihle yenhlanzeko ngokugeza izandla njalo.

Izimpawu ze-pneumonia yegciwane

Izimpawu ze-pneumonia yegciwane zingavela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuthintana naleli gciwane, futhi ziba zimbi ngokuhamba kwezinsuku, izimpawu nezimpawu eziyinhloko yilezi:

• Ukukhwehlela okomile, eguquka ukukhwehlela nge-phlegm ecacile, emhlophe noma ebomvu;
• Ubuhlungu besifuba nobunzima ekuphefumuleni;
• Imfiva kuze kufike ku-39ºC;
• Umphimbo obuhlungu noma ngendlebe;
• I-Rhinitis noma i-conjunctivitis, ezingahambisana nezimpawu.

Kubantu asebekhulile, izimpawu ze-pneumonia zingabandakanya nokudideka kwengqondo, ukukhathala ngokweqile nokungathandi ukudla, noma ngabe awukho umkhuhlane. Ezinsaneni noma ezinganeni, kujwayelekile futhi ukuthi kube nokuphefumula okusheshayo okwenza ukuthi amaphiko ekhaleni avuleke kakhulu.

I-pneumonia yegciwane ihlukile kwi-pneumonia yebhaktheriya ngoba imvamisa iba nokuqala okungazelelwe, ikhiqize i-phlegm esobala kakhulu noma emhlophe, ngaphezu kokuba nezinye izimpawu zokutheleleka ngegciwane, njengokucinana kwamakhala, i-sinusitis, ukucasuka kwamehlo nokuthimula, ngokwesibonelo, noma kunjalo , kungaba nzima ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezinhlobo ezimbili zokutheleleka, ngaphandle kokuhlolwa. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi udokotela enze izivivinyo ukukhomba i-causative agent ye-pneumonia, ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kwe-pneumonia kusebenza ngempumelelo ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ungasho kanjani ukuthi ingane yakho ine-pneumonia

Endabeni yezinsana, abazali bangasola inyumoniya lapho izimpawu zomkhuhlane ezivezwa yingane zihamba kancane ukudlula noma ziba zimbi isonto lonke, njengomkhuhlane ongapheli, ukukhwehlela okungapheli, ukungathandi ukudla, ukuphefumula ngokushesha nobunzima bokuphefumula, isibonelo. isibonelo.

Kubalulekile ukuthi ingane iyiswe kudokotela wezingane ukuze kwenziwe ukuhlolwa nokuthi ukuxilongwa kuphothulwe, kuqalwe ukwelashwa okufanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukunakekelwa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwengane, njenge:

• Ukuhogela isisombululo sikasawoti izikhathi ezimbili noma ezintathu ngosuku noma ngokwemiyalo kadokotela wezingane;
• Khuthaza ingane ukuthi incelise noma idle, unikeze izithelo, ubisi lwebele noma ifomula;
• Nikeza ingane amanzi;
• Gqokisa ingane ngokwesimo sokushisa, ugweme izinguquko ezingazelelwe ekushiseni;
• Gwema ukusebenzisa amakhambi okukhwehlela angakhonjisiwe ngudokotela wezingane, ngoba angasiza ekuqongeleleni kwezimfihlo emaphashini.

Ezimweni ezibucayi kakhulu, lapho ingane ingafuni ukudla, iphefumula kanzima noma iba nomkhuhlane ongaphezu kuka-39ºC, udokotela wezingane angancoma ukulaliswa esibhedlela ukuze kutholakale umoya-mpilo, kwenziwe umuthi emthanjeni futhi kutholakale i-serum ngenkathi ingakwazi ukondla.

Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa

Ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwalesi sifo, udokotela angacela amasampula oketshezi lokuphefumula emakhaleni nasemphinjeni, ukuze ahlaziywe elabhorethri, okufanele iqoqwe, ngokufanele, ngosuku lwesithathu lwalesi sifo, kodwa olungaqoqwa Usuku lwesi-7 ngemuva kokuqala kwezimpawu, ukukhomba igciwane.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlolwa okufana nesifuba se-X-ray kusetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukubandakanyeka kwamaphaphu, nokuhlolwa kwegazi, okufana nokubalwa kwegazi kanye namagesi emithambo yegazi, ukuhlola i-oxygenation yegazi, futhi ngaleyo ndlela kubhekwe ubukhulu nobukhulu besifo. Kunoma ikuphi i-pneumonia esolwayo, kungakuhle ukuthi uthintane nodokotela ojwayelekile noma udokotela wezingane noma i-pulmonologist, noma uye egumbini labezimo eziphuthumayo, ukuqala ukwelashwa okufanele nokuvimbela lesi sifo ukuthi singabi sibi kakhulu.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kokutheleleka ngegciwane kuqondiswa udokotela, futhi kufanele kwenziwe ngemikhombandlela ethile efana nale:

• Ukuphumula ekhaya, ukugwema ukuya esikoleni noma emsebenzini;
• I-hydration enhle, enamanzi, itiye, amanzi kakhukhunathi noma ujusi wemvelo;
• Ukudla okulula, ukugwema ukudla okunamafutha.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwelapha i-pneumonia yegciwane noma umkhuhlane obangelwa amagciwane e-H1N1, H5N1 noma i-coronavirus entsha (i-COVID-19), kubantu abasengozini enkulu yokuthola inyumoniya, njengasebekhulile nezingane, kufaka phakathi ukusetshenziswa kwe-antiviral izidakamizwa, ezibekwe ngudokotela ojwayelekile noma i-pulmonologist, njenge-Oseltamivir, iZanamivir neRibavirin, ngokwesibonelo.

Ukwelashwa kungenziwa ekhaya, kepha lapho umuntu ekhombisa izimpawu zokuqina, njengobunzima bokuphefumula, i-oxygenation ephansi yegazi, ukudideka kwengqondo noma izinguquko ekusebenzeni kwezinso, ngokwesibonelo, ukwelashwa kungadingeka ukwenza imithi umthambo nokusetshenziswa kwe-oxygen mask. Thola imininingwane eminingi mayelana nokuthi ukwelashwa kwe-pneumonia yegciwane kufanele kube kanjani.

Ungakuvimbela kanjani

Ukuvikela ukutheleleka ngegciwane kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina izandla zakho zihlanzekile, ugeza noma usebenzisa ijeli yotshwala, noma nini lapho uvakashela izindawo zomphakathi, ngebhasi, izinxanxathela zezitolo kanye nezimakethe, ngaphezu kokugwema ukwabelana ngezinto zomuntu siqu, njengokusika nezibuko.

Umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane, osetshenziswa minyaka yonke, uyindlela ebalulekile yokuvikela ukutheleleka ngezinhlobo eziyinhloko zamagciwane.

Bona ividiyo elandelayo yokuthi ungazigeza kanjani izandla zakho kahle ukugwema ukutheleleka ngegciwane: