I-Pneumonitis: Izimpawu, Izinhlobo, nokuningi

-Delile

• Izimpawu ze-pneumonitis
• Izimbangela ze-pneumonitis
• Izici zobungozi be-pneumonitis
• Ukufuna usizo
• Ukuhlonza i-pneumonitis
• Ukwelashwa kwe-pneumonitis
• Izinkinga ze-pneumonitis
• Umbono

I-pneumonitis vs. pneumonia

Kokubili i-pneumonitis ne-pneumonia ngamagama asetshenziselwa ukuchaza ukuvuvukala emaphashini akho. Eqinisweni, inyumoniya uhlobo olulodwa lwe-pneumonitis. Uma udokotela wakho ekuxilonga nge-pneumonitis, imvamisa babhekisa ezimweni zamaphaphu ezivuthayo ngaphandle kwe-pneumonia.

I-pneumonia ukutheleleka okubangelwa amagciwane kanye namanye amagciwane. I-pneumonitis uhlobo lokuphendula okweqile. Kwenzeka lapho into efana nesikhunta noma amabhaktheriya icasula amasaka omoya emaphashini akho. Abantu abazwela kakhulu kulezi zinto bazoba nokuphendula. I-pneumonitis ibizwa nangokuthi i-hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

I-pneumonitis iyelapheka. Kodwa-ke, kungadala ukulimala unomphela nokulimala kwamaphaphu uma ungayibambi kusenesikhathi.

Izimpawu ze-pneumonitis

Izimpawu zokuqala zivamise ukuvela kungakapheli amahora amane kuya kwayisithupha ngemuva kokuphefumula entweni ecasulayo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-acute pneumonitis. Ungase uzizwe sengathi unomkhuhlane noma esinye isifo sokuphefumula, esinezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• imfiva
• Ukugodola
• ubuhlungu bemisipha noma bamalunga
• ikhanda

Uma ungadalulwanga kulokho futhi, izimpawu zakho kufanele zihambe zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa. Uma uqhubeka nokudalulwa, ungaba ne-pneumonitis engapheli, okuyisimo sesikhathi eside. Mayelana nabantu abane-pneumonitis bazothuthukisa ifomu elingapheli.

Izimpawu ze-pneumonitis engapheli zifaka:

• ukukhwehlela okomile
• ukuqina esifubeni sakho
• ukukhathala
• ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla
• ukuncipha kwesisindo ngokungenhloso

Izimbangela ze-pneumonitis

Ungathola i-pneumonitis lapho izinto oziphefumulayo zicasula amasaka omoya amancane, abizwa ngokuthi i-alveoli, emaphashini akho. Lapho uvezwa kwesinye salezi zinto, amasosha akho omzimba aphendula ngokukhiqiza ukuvuvukala. Amasaka akho omoya agcwalisa amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi kwesinye isikhathi uketshezi. Ukuvuvukala kwenza kube nzima ukuthi umoya-mpilo udlule kwi-alveoli ungene egazini lakho.

Izinto ezingadala i-pneumonitis zifaka:

• isikhunta
• amagciwane
• isikhunta
• amakhemikhali

Uzothola lezi zinto ku:

• uboya bezilwane
• izimpaphe zezinyoni noma ubulongwe
• ushizi ongcolile, amagilebhisi, ibhali nokunye ukudla
• izinkuni uthuli
• amabhavu ashisayo
• ama-humidifiers

Ezinye izimbangela ze-pneumonitis zifaka:

• imishanguzo ethile, kufaka phakathi ama-antibiotic, izidakamizwa ze-chemotherapy, nemithi yesigqi senhliziyo
• ukwelashwa ngemisebe esifubeni

Izici zobungozi be-pneumonitis

Usengozini enkulu ye-pneumonitis uma usebenza embonini lapho uchaye khona othulini oluqukethe izinto ezicasulayo. Isibonelo, abalimi bavame ukuvezwa okusanhlamvu, utshani, notshani okuqukethe isikhunta. Lapho i-pneumonitis ihlasela abalimi, kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa ngephaphu lomlimi.

Enye ingozi ukuvezwa isikhunta esingakhula kubhavu oshisayo, ama-humidifiers, ama-air conditioners kanye nezinhlelo zokushisa. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-hot tub lung lung noma i-humidifier lung.

Abantu abakule misebenzi elandelayo basengozini ye-pneumonitis:

• abaphathi bezinyoni nezinkukhu
• abasebenzi bezilwane
• abafuyi bezilwane
• amaprosesa okusanhlamvu nofulawa
• Abasiki bokhuni
• abasebenzi bokhuni
• abenzi bewayini
• abakhiqizi bepulasitiki
• elekthronikhi

Ngisho noma ungasebenzi kwenye yalezi zimboni, ungachayeka ekubunjweni nakwezinye izinto ezishukumisayo ekhaya lakho.

Ukuvezwa kwesinye salezi zinto akusho ukuthi nakanjani uzothola i-pneumonitis. Iningi labantu abadalulwayo alikaze libe nalesi simo.

Izakhi zakho zofuzo zidlala indima ebalulekile ekushukumiseni ukusabela kwakho. Abantu abanomlando womndeni we-pneumonitis maningi amathuba okuba bathuthukise lesi simo.

Ungathola i-pneumonitis nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, kufaka phakathi ubuntwana. Kodwa-ke, kuvame ukutholakala kubantu.

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza kungakhuphula nethuba lakho lokuthola i-pneumonitis. Abantu abathatha imishanguzo ethile yamakhemikhali noma abathola imisebe esifubeni basengozini enkulu.

Ukufuna usizo

Bheka udokotela wakho uma unezimpawu ze-pneumonitis, ikakhulukazi ukuphefumula. Ngokushesha lapho uqala ukugwema i-trigger yakho, maningi amathuba okuthi ube ukuhlehlisa lesi simo.

Ukuhlonza i-pneumonitis

Ukuze ubone ukuthi une-pneumonitis, vakashela udokotela wakho oyinhloko noma i-pulmonologist. Isazi se-pulmonologist yisazi eselapha izifo zamaphaphu. Udokotela wakho uzokubuza ukuthi yiziphi izinto okungenzeka ukuthi uvezwe kuzo emsebenzini noma ekhaya. Bazobe sebenza ukuhlolwa.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, udokotela wakho ulalela amaphaphu akho nge-stethoscope. Bangase bezwe ukuduma noma eminye imisindo engajwayelekile emaphashini akho.

Ungaba nokuhlolwa okukodwa noma okuningi ukuthola ukuthi une-pneumonitis:

• I-Oximetry isebenzisa into ebekwe emunweni wakho ukukala inani le-oxygen egazini lakho.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungakhomba amasosha omzimba asegazini lakho othulini, isikhunta, noma ezinye izinto. Futhi zingakhombisa ukuthi ngabe unamasosha omzimba asabela kanjani.
• I-X-ray yesifuba idala izithombe zamaphaphu akho ukusiza udokotela wakho ukuthi athole isibazi nomonakalo.
• I-CT iskena izithombe zamaphaphu akho ngezindlela eziningi ezahlukene. Ingakhombisa ukulimala emaphashini akho ngokuningiliziwe kune-X-ray.
• I-Spirometry ilinganisa amandla wokugeleza komoya wakho njengoba uphefumulela ngaphakathi nangaphandle.
• I-Bronchoscopy ifaka ithubhu elincanyana, eliguquguqukayo elinekhamera ekugcineni komunye amaphaphu akho ukuze kususwe amaseli ukuze ahlolwe. Udokotela wakho angasebenzisa futhi amanzi ukukhipha amaseli emaphashini akho. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlanza.
• I-Lung biopsy inqubo yokususa isampula lezicubu emaphashini akho. Kwenziwa ngenkathi ulele ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Isampula lezicubu lihlolwe izimpawu zesibazi nokuvuvukala.

Ukwelashwa kwe-pneumonitis

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuqeda izimpawu zakho ukugwema into ebangele. Uma usebenza ezungeze isikhunta noma izimpaphe zezinyoni, kungadingeka ukuthi ushintshe imisebenzi noma ugqoke imaski.

Izindlela zokwelapha ezilandelayo zinganciphisa izimpawu ze-pneumonitis, kepha ngeke ziselaphe lesi sifo:

• ICorticosteroids: IPrednisone (iRayos) nezinye izidakamizwa ze-steroid zehlisa ukuvuvukala emaphashini akho. Imiphumela emibi ibandakanya ukuzuza kwesisindo kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yokutheleleka, i-cataract, namathambo abuthakathaka (i-osteoporosis).
• Ukwelashwa kwe-oksijeni: Uma uphefumula kakhulu, ungaphefumula umoya-mpilo ngemaski noma ngama-prong ekhaleni lakho.
• Ama-Bronchodilators: Le mithi iphumuza izindlela zomoya ukukusiza uphefumule kalula.

Uma iphaphu lakho lonakele kakhulu kangangokuthi awukwazi ukuphefumula kahle ngisho nangemithi yokwelashwa, ungahle ulungele ukufakelwa amaphaphu. Kuzofanele ulinde ohlwini lokufakelwa izitho komnikeli ofanayo.

Izinkinga ze-pneumonitis

Ukuvuvukala okungapheli kungadala izibazi ekwakhekeni komoya emasakeni akho. Lezi zibazi zingenza amasaka omoya aqine kakhulu ukunwebeka ngokugcwele lapho uphefumula. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-pulmonary fibrosis.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isibazi singalimaza amaphaphu akho unomphela. I-pulmonary fibrosis nayo ingaholela ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo nokwehluleka ukuphefumula, okungasongela impilo.

Umbono

Kubalulekile ukwelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu uma une-pneumonitis. Uzophinda ufune ukukhomba nokugwema izinto ezizibangele. Lapho usunesibazi samaphaphu, awubuyiseki, kepha uma ubamba i-pneumonitis kusenesikhathi, ungayeka futhi uguqule isimo.