Ukushisa Kwengulube: Ungayipheka Kanjani Ingulube Ngokuphepha

-Delile

• Ukukhathazeka kwezempilo ngengulube engadakiwe
• Ungalinganisa kanjani izinga lokushisa
• Imihlahlandlela yethempelesha
• Amanye amathiphu okuphepha kokudla kwengulube
• Okubalulekile

Ukupheka inyama ezingeni lokushisa elifanele kubalulekile uma kukhulunywa ngokuphepha kokudla.

Kubalulekile kokubili ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwezifo nokunciphisa ubungozi bokugula okubangelwa ukudla.

Ingulube ijwayele ukutheleleka, futhi ukushintsha imikhuba embonini yokudla kule minyaka eyishumi edlule kuholele ezinkombandlela ezintsha maqondana nokulungiswa kwengulube.

Nakhu ukuthi ungapheka kanjani ingulube ngokuphepha ukuvimbela imiphumela emibi engemihle kanye nezimpawu.

Ukukhathazeka kwezempilo ngengulube engadakiwe

I-Trichinella spiralis uhlobo lwesikelemu esiyisidalwa esitholakala ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezilwane ezidla omnivorous nezidlayo emhlabeni jikelele - kufaka nezingulube ().

Izilwane zingatheleleka ngemuva kokudla ezinye izilwane noma izinsalela zenyama eziqukethe lo gciwane.

Izikelemu zikhula emathunjini omgcini, bese zikhiqiza izibungu ezidlula egazini futhi zibhajwe emisipheni ().

Ukudla ingulube engaphekiwe enegciwane le- I-Trichinella spiralis kungaholela ku-trichinosis, ukutheleleka okubangela izimpawu ezifana nohudo, amajaqamba esiswini, ubuhlungu bemisipha nomkhuhlane.

Ngenhlanhla, ukwenziwa ngcono kwenhlanzeko, imithetho ephathelene nokulahlwa kukadoti, nezindlela zokuzivikela ezenzelwe ukuvikela ukutheleleka kuholele ekwehliseni okukhulu ekusabalaleni kwe-trichinosis eminyakeni engama-50 edlule (3).

Empeleni, kusuka ku-2008 kuya ku-2012, kuphela amacala ayi-15 abikwa minyaka yonke kumaCenter for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) - angaphansi kakhulu kunakuqala ().

Isibonelo, umbiko wango-1943 weNational Institute of Health walinganisela ukuthi amagciwane athelele cishe ama-16% wabantu base-U.S. (3).

Ngaphandle kokwehla kwesifo se-trichinosis, ukupheka okufanele kusabalulekile ekunciphiseni ubungozi bokutheleleka.

Ukupheka ingulube nakho kungavimbela ukugula okubangelwa ukudla okubangelwa amagciwane egciwane. Lokhu kufaka phakathi Salmonella, I-Campylobacter, IListeria, futhi Yersinia enterocolitica, okungadala umkhuhlane, amakhaza nokucindezeleka kokugaya ukudla ().

Ukudla ingulube ene-Trichinella spiralis kungadala i-trichinosis. Ngenkathi ukuthuthuka embonini yezokudla kunciphise ubungozi bokutheleleka, ukupheka kahle ingulube kusabalulekile ekuvikeleni ukugula okubangelwa ukudla.

Ungalinganisa kanjani izinga lokushisa

Ukusebenzisa i-digital thermometer yenyama kuyindlela elula nephumelela kunazo zonke yokukala izinga lokushisa nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ingulube iphekwe kuyo yonke indawo.

Qala ngokufaka i-thermometer enkabeni yenyama engxenyeni ejiyile, ngokuvamile ebanda kunazo zonke futhi eyokugcina ukupheka.

Qiniseka ukuthi i-thermometer ayithinti ithambo ukuthola ukufundwa okunemba kakhulu.

Ngokwengeziwe, qiniseka ukuthi uhlanza i-thermometer yakho ngamanzi anensipho ngaphambi nangemva kokusetshenziswa ngakunye.

Lapho ingulube isifinyelele izinga lokushisa olifunayo, yisuse emthonjeni wokushisa bese inyama iphumula okungenani imizuzu emithathu ngaphambi kokuyidweba noma ukuyidla.

Ngaphandle kwengulube yomhlaba, lezi zinyathelo zinconyelwa konke ukusikeka ukusiza ukubulala noma yimaphi amabhaktheriya futhi kuthuthukise ukuphepha kokudla okufanele ().

Imihlahlandlela yethempelesha

Ukupheka okulungile kungenye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokuvimbela i-trichinosis, ukutheleleka okubangelwa amagciwane I-Trichinella spiralis.

Esikhathini esedlule, kwakunconywa ukupheka inyama yengulube ezingeni lokushisa langaphakathi okungenani elingu-160 ° F (71 ° C) - kungakhathalekile ukusika - ukuvimbela ukutheleleka.

Kodwa-ke, ngonyaka we-2011, uMnyango Wezolimo wase-United States (USDA) uvuselele izincomo zawo ukukhombisa ukuthuthuka emikhubeni yokuphepha kokudla kanye nokwehla kwesifo se-trichinosis.

Manje sekunconywe ukupheka ama-steak engulube, ama-chops, kanye nokosa okungenani ku-145 ° F (63 ° C) - okuvumela inyama ukuthi igcine umswakama nokunambitheka kwayo ngaphandle kokuyomisa (6).

Izinyama zomzimba, inyama yengulube, kanye nemixube eyenziwe ngenyama yengulube kusamele iphekwe okungenani kube ngu-160 ° F (71 ° C).

I-USDA iphakamisa nokuthi kuvunyelwe inyama ukuthi ihlale okungenani imizuzu emithathu ngaphambi kokudliwa kwazo zonke izinhlobo zengulube ngaphandle kwengulube yomhlaba.

Nawa amazinga okushisa anconywayo okuphekwayo okusikwayo okumbalwa okuvame kakhulu kwengulube (6):

Ukupheka ingulube kahle kungaqeda ubungozi bokutheleleka. Inyama kufanele iphekwe emazingeni okushisa ayi-145-160 ° F (63-71 ° C) futhi ivunyelwe ukuphumula okungenani imizuzu emithathu ngaphambi kokudla.

Amanye amathiphu okuphepha kokudla kwengulube

Ngaphezu kokupheka ingulube kahle, kunezinye izinyathelo eziningi ongazithatha ukwenza ukuphepha kokudla okufanele lapho uphatha lolu hlobo lwenyama.

Okokuqala, ingulube eluhlaza nengaphekiwe ingagcinwa esiqandisini izinsuku ezingama-3-4 emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kuka-40 ° F (4 ° C).

Qinisekisa ukusonga ingulube uqinise futhi unciphise ukuvezwa emoyeni ukuvimbela inyama ukuthi ingomi.

Inyama eluhlaza nayo kufanele igcinwe eshalofini elingezansi lesiqandisi ukugwema ukudlulisela amagciwane kokunye ukudla.

Lapho upheka inyama yengulube, qiniseka ukuyilungisa endaweni ehlanzekile futhi usebenzise izitsha ezihlukile namabhodi okusika uma ulungisa okunye ukudla ngasikhathi sinye.

Gwema ukuvumela ukudla okuphekiwe noma ukudla okungadingi ukupheka ukuthi kuhlangane nenyama eluhlaza ukuvimbela ukungcoliswa okuphambene.

Ekugcineni, qiniseka ukuthi ugcina okusele esiqandisini ngokushesha futhi ungashiyi ingulube ekamelweni lokushisa isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora amabili ukuvikela ekukhuleni kwamagciwane.

Ngaphezu kokupheka ingulube kahle, ukuphatha kahle nokugcina kubalulekile ekulondolozeni ukuphepha kokudla.

Okubalulekile

Yize imihlahlandlela yokupheka ingulube ishintshile kule minyaka embalwa edlule, ukuzijwayeza ukuphepha kokudla kuhlala kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukugula okubangelwa ukudla.

Ukulandela imihlahlandlela enconyiwe yokupheka ingulube kunganciphisa ubungozi be-trichinosis, ukutheleleka okubangelwa ukudla ingulube engadakiwe engcoliswe I-Trichinella spiralis amagciwane.

I-USDA incoma ukuthi ingulube kufanele iphekwe ekushiseni kwangaphakathi okungu-145-160 ° F (63-71 ° C) - kuya ngesinqunyiwe - futhi kuvunyelwe ukuphumula okungenani imizuzu emithathu ngaphambi kokudla.

Ukuphathwa okufanele nokugcinwa nakho kuyisihluthulelo sokunciphisa ubungozi bokutheleleka ngamagciwane.