Imibuzo eyi-9 Mayelana neWaldenstrom Macroglobulinemia

-Delile

• 1. Ingabe i-Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia iyelapheka?
• 2. Ngabe iWaldenstrom macroglobulinemia ingangena ekuxolelweni?
• 3. Ingajwayelekile kangakanani i-Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia?
• 4. Ithuthuka kanjani iWaldenstrom macroglobulinemia?
• 5. Ngabe iWaldenstrom macroglobulinemia isebenza emindenini?
• 6. Yini ebangela iWaldenstrom macroglobulinemia?
• 7. Ungahlala isikhathi esingakanani ngeWaldenstrom macroglobulinemia?
• 8. Ngabe iWaldenstrom macroglobulinemia metastasize?
• 9. Yelashwa kanjani iWaldenstrom macroglobulinemia?
• Ukuthatha

I-Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) iyindlela engajwayelekile ye-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma ebonakala ngokukhiqiza ngokweqile amaseli egazi amhlophe angajwayelekile.

Luhlobo olukhula kancane lomdlavuza wamangqamuzana egazi oluthinta abantu abathathu kwabayisigidi esisodwa e-United States minyaka yonke, ngokwe-American Cancer Society.

I-WM kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa nangokuthi:

• Isifo sikaWaldenstrom
• i-lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma
• i-macroglobulinemia eyinhloko

Uma utholwe une-WM, ungaba nemibuzo eminingi ngalesi sifo. Ukufunda okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka ngomdlavuza nokuhlola izinketho zokwelashwa kungakusiza ukubhekana nalesi simo.

Nazi izimpendulo zemibuzo eyisishiyagalolunye engakusiza ukuthi uqonde kangcono i-WM.

1. Ingabe i-Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia iyelapheka?

I-WM okwamanje ayinalo ikhambi elaziwayo. Kodwa-ke, kunezinhlobonhlobo zokwelashwa ezitholakalayo ukukusiza ukuphatha izimpawu zakho.

Umbono wabantu abatholwe bene-WM uthuthukile ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Ososayensi baphinde bahlole imithi yokugoma ukusiza ukukhulisa amandla omzimba wokwenqaba lolu hlobo lomdlavuza nokuthuthukisa izindlela ezintsha zokwelashwa.

2. Ngabe iWaldenstrom macroglobulinemia ingangena ekuxolelweni?

Kukhona ithuba elincane lokuthi i-WM ingangena ekuxolelweni, kepha akujwayelekile. Odokotela babone kuphela ukukhululwa okuphelele kwalesi sifo kubantu abambalwa. Ukwelashwa kwamanje akuvimbeli ukubuyela emuva.

Yize ingekho idatha eningi kumanani entela, isifundo esisodwa esincane esivela ku-2016 sathola ukuthi nge-WM yangena ekuxolelweni okuphelele ngemuva kokuphathwa nge "R-CHOP regimen."

Uhlobo lwe-R-CHOP lubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwe:

• umabhebhana
• cyclophosphamide
• vincristine
• doxorubicin
• umabhebhana

Abanye ababambiqhaza abangama-31 bathole ukuxolelwa okuncane.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze ubone ukuthi ngabe le ndlela yokwelashwa, noma olunye uhlobo lwemithi, ikulungele yini wena.

3. Ingajwayelekile kangakanani i-Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia?

Odokotela bahlola abantu abangu-1 000 kuya ku-1,500 e-United States abane-WM unyaka ngamunye, ngokusho kwe-American Cancer Society. INational Organisation of Rare Disorders ikubheka njengesimo esingajwayelekile.

I-WM ivame ukuthinta abesilisa abaphindwe kabili kunabesifazane. Lesi sifo asijwayelekile kakhulu kubantu abamnyama kunasabelungu.

4. Ithuthuka kanjani iWaldenstrom macroglobulinemia?

I-WM ivame ukuthuthuka kancane kancane. Kwakha ukweqisa kwezinhlobo ezithile zamaseli amhlophe egazi abizwa ngama-lymphocyte B.

Lawa maseli enza ukugcwala kakhulu kwe-antibody ebizwa nge-immunoglobulin M (IgM), edala isimo sokuqina kwegazi esibizwa nge-hyperviscosity. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuthi izitho zakho nezicubu zakho zisebenze kahle.

Ukweqiwa kwama-lymphocyte B kungashiya igumbi elincane emnkantsheni wethambo ngamaseli egazi aphilile. Ungaba ne-anemia uma inani elibomvu lamaseli egazi lehla kakhulu.

Ukushoda kwamaseli ajwayelekile amhlophe egazi kungenza kube nzima emzimbeni wakho ukulwa nezinye izinhlobo zezifo. Amaplatelet akho nawo angahle alahle, okungaholela ekopheni nasekulimaleni.

Abanye abantu abanazo izimpawu iminyaka eminingana ngemuva kokuxilongwa.

Izimpawu zokuqala zifaka ukukhathala namandla aphansi ngenxa yokushoda kwegazi. Ungase futhi ube nokuncinza eminweni nasezinzwaneni nokopha emakhaleni nasezinsinini.

I-WM ingagcina ithinte izitho, okuholele ekuvuvukeni kwesibindi, ubende, nama-lymph node. Ukwelashwa okukhulu kwesifo nakho kungaholela ekuboneni okufiphele noma ezinkingeni zokugeleza kwegazi kuya ku-retina.

Umdlavuza ungagcina udale izimpawu ezinjengokushaywa unhlangothi ngenxa yokungahambi kahle kwegazi eliya ebuchosheni, kanye nezinkinga zenhliziyo nezinso.

5. Ngabe iWaldenstrom macroglobulinemia isebenza emindenini?

Ososayensi basaqhubeka nokufunda i-WM, kodwa bakholelwa ukuthi izakhi zofuzo ezizuzwa zingakhuphula amathuba abanye abantu okuthuthukisa lesi sifo.

Cishe amaphesenti angama-20 abantu abanalolu hlobo lomdlavuza basondelene kakhulu nomuntu one-WM noma esinye isifo esidala amaseli we-B angajwayelekile.

Iningi labantu okutholakala ukuthi line-WM alinawo umlando womndeni walesi sifo. Imvamisa kwenzeka njengomphumela wokuguquka kwamaseli, okungazuzwa njengefa, kukho konke ukuphila komuntu.

6. Yini ebangela iWaldenstrom macroglobulinemia?

Ososayensi kusamele bakhombe ngqo ukuthi yini ebangela i-WM. Ubufakazi bukhombisa ukuthi ukuxubana kwezakhi zofuzo, ezemvelo, kanye namagciwane kukho konke ukuphila komuntu kungaholela ekwakhekeni kwalesi sifo.

Ukuguqulwa kofuzo i-MYD88 kwenzeka kubantu abangamaphesenti angama-90 abane-Waldenstrom macroglobulinemiaemia, ngokusho kwe-International Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia Foundation (IWMF).

Olunye ucwaningo luthole ukuxhumana phakathi kwesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo C kanye ne-WM kwabanye (kodwa hhayi bonke) abanesifo.

Ukuchayeka ezintweni zesikhumba, zenjoloba, izincibilikisi, udayi, nopende nakho kungaba yinto kwezinye izimo ze-WM.Ucwaningo lokuthi yini ebanga iWM luyaqhubeka.

7. Ungahlala isikhathi esingakanani ngeWaldenstrom macroglobulinemia?

Ucwaningo lwakamuva lukhombisa ukuthi uhhafu wabantu abane-WM kulindeleke ukuthi baphile iminyaka eyi-14 kuya kwengu-16 ngemuva kokutholakala kwabo, ngokusho kwe-IWMF.

Umbono wakho ungahluka ngokuya nge:

• iminyaka yakho
• impilo yonke
• isifo siqhubekela phambili ngokushesha kangakanani

Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza, i-WM ayitholakali ngezigaba. Esikhundleni salokho, odokotela basebenzisa i-International Prognostic Scoring System yeWaldenstrom Macroglobulinemia (ISSWM) ukuhlola umbono wakho.

Lolu hlelo lubheka izinto ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi eyakho:

• ubudala
• izinga le-hemoglobin yegazi
• ukubalwa kweplatelet
• izinga le-beta-2 microglobulin
• ileveli ye-IgM eyodwa

Ngokuya ngezikolo zakho zalezi zinto ezinobungozi, udokotela wakho angakubeka eqenjini eliphansi, eliphakathi, noma elinobungozi obukhulu, elingakusiza uqonde kangcono umbono wakho.

Izinga lokusinda eliyiminyaka emihlanu labantu abaseqenjini elinobungozi obuncane lingamaphesenti angama-87, iqembu eliphakathi nendawo elinobungozi lingamaphesenti angama-68, kanti iqembu elisengozini enkulu lingamaphesenti angama-36, ngokusho kwe-American Cancer Society.

Lezi zibalo zisuselwa kwimininingwane evela kubantu abangama-600 abatholakala bene-WM futhi belashwa ngaphambi kukaJanuwari 2002.

Ukwelashwa okusha kunganikeza umbono wethemba.

8. Ngabe iWaldenstrom macroglobulinemia metastasize?

Yebo. I-WM ithinta izicubu ze-lymphatic, ezitholakala ezingxenyeni eziningi zomzimba. Ngesikhathi kutholakala ukuthi umuntu unalesi sifo, bese sitholakala egazini nasemnkantsheni wethambo.

Ingasakazeka kuma-lymph node, isibindi, nobende. Ezimweni ezingavamile, i-WM ingaphinde ifake isisu esiswini, indlala yegilo, isikhumba, amaphaphu namathumbu.

9. Yelashwa kanjani iWaldenstrom macroglobulinemia?

Ukwelashwa kwe-WM kuyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu futhi ngokuvamile akuqali uze ube nezimpawu zesifo. Abanye abantu kungenzeka bangadingi ukwelashwa kuze kube yiminyaka embalwa ngemuva kokutholakala kwabo.

Udokotela wakho angancoma ukuqala ukwelashwa uma izimo ezithile ezibangelwa umdlavuza zikhona, kufaka phakathi:

• isifo se-hyperviscosity
• i-anemia
• ukulimala kwemizwa
• Izinkinga zomzimba
• amyloidosis
• cryoglobulins

Kunezindlela zokwelashwa ezahlukahlukene ezokusiza ukuphatha izimpawu. Ukwelashwa okuvamile kwe-WM kufaka:

• umabhebhana
• ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali
• ukwelashwa okubhekiswe
• i-immunotherapy

Ezimweni ezingavamile, udokotela wakho angancoma ukwelashwa okungajwayelekile kangako:

• ukususwa kobende
• ukufakelwa kwe-stem cell
• ukwelashwa ngemisebe

Ukuthatha

Ukutholakala unomdlavuza ongajwayelekile njenge-WM kungaba yinto ekhathazayo.

Kodwa-ke, ukuthola imininingwane ezokusiza uqonde kangcono isimo sakho nezinketho zokwelashwa, kungakusiza ekuzweleni ngokuzethemba ngombono wakho.