Ukuvezwa Kwemisebe

-Delile

• Isifinyezo
• Iyini imisebe?
• Yini imithombo yokuchayeka emisebeni?
• Iyini imiphumela yezempilo yokuvezwa yimisebe?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ukugula okunamandla ngemisebe?
• Ukuvuleleka kwemisebe kungavinjelwa kanjani?

Isifinyezo

Iyini imisebe?

Imisebe ingamandla. Ihamba ngendlela yamagagasi amandla noma izinhlayiya zejubane. Imisebe ingenzeka ngokwemvelo noma yenziwe ngumuntu. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili:

• Imisebe engeyona ionizing, okubandakanya amaza omsakazo, omakhalekhukhwini, ama-microwaves, imisebe ye-infrared nokukhanya okubonakalayo
• Imisebe ye-Ionizing, okubandakanya imisebe ye-ultraviolet, i-radon, i-x-ray, nemisebe ye-gamma

Yini imithombo yokuchayeka emisebeni?

Imisebe engemuva isizungezile ngaso sonke isikhathi. Iningi lalo lenzeka ngokwemvelo kusuka kumaminerali. Lawa amaminerali akhipha imisebe esemhlabathini, enhlabathini, emanzini, nasemizimbeni yethu. Imisebe engemuva nayo ingaqhamuka emkhathini naselangeni. Eminye imithombo yenziwe ngabantu, njenge-x-ray, ukwelashwa ngemisebe yokwelapha umdlavuza, nezintambo zikagesi.

Iyini imiphumela yezempilo yokuvezwa yimisebe?

Imisebe ibilokhu isizungezile kuyo yonke imvelo yethu. Ngakho-ke imizimba yethu yakhelwe ukubhekana namazinga aphansi esivezwa kuwo nsuku zonke. Kodwa imisebe eminingi ingalimaza izicubu ngokushintsha ukwakheka kweseli nokulimaza i-DNA. Lokhu kungadala izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo, kubandakanya umdlavuza.

Inani lomonakalo elingavezwa yimisebe kuncike ezintweni eziningana, kufaka phakathi

• Uhlobo lwemisebe
• Umthamo (inani) wemisebe
• Uvezwe kanjani, njengokuthintana nesikhumba, ukugwinya noma ukukuphefumulela, noma ukuba nemisebe kudlula emzimbeni wakho
• Lapho imisebe igxila khona emzimbeni nokuthi ihlala isikhathi esingakanani lapho
• Uzwela kangakanani umzimba emisebeni. Umbungu usengozini enkulu emiphumeleni yemisebe. Izinsana, izingane, abantu abadala asebekhulile, abesifazane abakhulelwe, kanye nabantu abanamasosha omzimba abucayi basengozini enkulu emiphumeleni yezempilo kunabantu abadala abaphilile.

Ukuvezwa yimisebe eminingi ngesikhathi esifushane, njengasesimweni esiphuthumayo semisebe, kungadala ukusha kwesikhumba. Kungase futhi kuholele ku-acute radiation syndrome (i-ARS, noma "ukugula ngemisebe"). Izimpawu ze-ARS zifaka phakathi ikhanda nokuhuda. Imvamisa ziqala kungakapheli amahora. Lezo zimpawu zizophela futhi umuntu abonakale enempilo isikhashana. Kodwa-ke bazophinde bagule futhi. Basheshe bagule futhi, banaziphi izimpawu, nokuthi bagula kangakanani kuncike enanini lemisebe abayitholile. Kwezinye izimo, i-ARS ibangela ukufa ezinsukwini noma emasontweni alandelayo.

Ukuchayeka emazingeni aphansi emisebe emvelweni akubangeli imiphumela yezempilo ngokushesha. Kepha kungakhuphula kancane ingozi yakho yomdlavuza.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ukugula okunamandla ngemisebe?

Ngaphambi kokuba baqale ukwelashwa, ochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwezempilo badinga ukuthola ukuthi ingakanani imisebe emzimbeni wakho. Bazobuza ngezimpawu zakho, benze ukuhlolwa kwegazi, futhi bangasebenzisa idivayisi ekala imisebe. Bazama futhi ukuthola eminye imininingwane ngokuvezwa, njengokuthi kwakuyimisebe enjani, wawukude kangakanani nomthombo wemisebe, nokuthi wavezwa isikhathi esingakanani.

Ukwelashwa kugxile ekwehliseni nasekwelapheni izifo, ukuvimbela ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi, nokwelapha ukulimala nokusha. Abanye abantu bangadinga ukwelashwa okusiza umnkantsha ukubuyisa ukusebenza kwawo. Uma ngabe uvezwe ezinhlotsheni ezithile zemisebe, umhlinzeki wakho angakunika ukwelashwa okunqanda noma kususe ukungcola okungaphakathi komzimba wakho. Ungase futhi uthole ukwelashwa ngezimpawu zakho.

Ukuvuleleka kwemisebe kungavinjelwa kanjani?

Kunezinyathelo ongazithatha ukuvimbela noma ukunciphisa ukuvezwa ngemisebe:

• Uma umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo encoma ukuhlolwa okusebenzisa imisebe, buza ngezingozi nezinzuzo zayo. Kwezinye izimo, ungahle ube nokuhlolwa okwehlukile okungasebenzisi imisebe. Kepha uma udinga isivivinyo esisebenzisa imisebe, yenza ucwaningo ezikhungweni ze-imaging zendawo. Thola eyodwa ezobheka futhi isebenzise amasu ukunciphisa imithamo abayinikeza iziguli.
• Nciphisa ukuchayeka kwemisebe kagesi kusuka kuselula yakho. Ngalesi sikhathi, ubufakazi besayensi abutholanga ukuxhumana phakathi kokusetshenziswa komakhalekhukhwini nezinkinga zempilo kubantu. Ucwaningo oluningi luyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe. Kepha uma usenezinkinga, unganciphisa isikhathi osichitha ocingweni lwakho. Ungasebenzisa futhi imodi yesipikha noma ihedsethi ukubeka ibanga elide phakathi kwekhanda lakho neselula.
• Uma uhlala endlini, hlola amazinga ama-radon, futhi uma udinga, thola uhlelo lokunciphisa i-radon.
• Ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo semisebe, ngena ngaphakathi esakhiweni ukuze ukhosele. Hlala ngaphakathi, wonke amawindi neminyango ivaliwe. Hlala ubukele futhi ulandela izeluleko zabaphenduli bezimo eziphuthumayo nezikhulu.

Isikhungo Sokuvikelwa Kwezemvelo