Ungayidla Ingulube Ngokuvamile? Konke Odinga Ukukwazi

-Delile

• Ingabe ukudla ingulube engajwayelekile kuphephile?
• Izimpawu zokudla ingulube engcolisiwe
• Abantu abanobungozi obukhulu
• Izinguquko emikhubeni
• Izeluleko ezijwayelekile zokukugcina uphephile
• Okubalulekile

Yize izitsha ezingavuthiwe zengulube zikhona kwamanye amasiko, ukudla ingulube eluhlaza noma engaphekiwe kuyibhizinisi eliyingozi elingaveza imiphumela emibi futhi engemnandi.

Okunye ukudla, njengezinhlanzi ezithile kanye nokudla kwasolwandle, kungajatshulelwa kungaphekiwe lapho kulungiswe ngokuphepha - yize ingulube ingekho nakancane kulokhu kudla.

Lo mbhalo uhlola ubungozi nemiphumela emibi yokudla inyama yengulube eluhlaza noma engaphekiwe, futhi unikeze namathiphu okugcina uphilile.

Ingabe ukudla ingulube engajwayelekile kuphephile?

Ngokungafani ne-steak, engadliwa ngaphandle kokuba nsundu ngokuphelele ngaphakathi, ingulube enegazi (noma engajwayelekile) ngaphakathi akufanele idliwe.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inyama yengulube, evela ezingulubeni, ithambekele kumagciwane athile kanye nama-parasites abulawa lapho kuphekwa.

Ngakho-ke, lapho ingulube ingaphekiwe ize ifike ezingeni lokushisa elifanele, kunengozi yokuthi lawo mabhaktheriya nezinambuzane zizophila futhi zidliwe. Lokhu kungakugulisa kakhulu.

Isinambuzane esisodwa esitholakala engulubeni yi- I-Trichinella spiralis, isibungu esiyindilinga esidala isifo esaziwa nge-trichinosis, esaziwa nangokuthi i-trichinellosis. Ezinye izilwane, njengezimpisi, izingulube, amabhere, nama-walrus, nazo zingaba ngabathwali balesi sihlava (,).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudla inyama yengulube engajwayelekile noma engavuthiwe futhi kukubeka engcupheni yezikelemu ezithile, I-Taenia solium noma I-Taenia asiatica, ukufaka umgudu wakho wokugaya nokuzala kabusha. Lokhu kuholela ezifweni, njenge-taeniasis noma i-cysticercosis (,).

Ngakho-ke, ukudla ingulube engajwayelekile noma engaphekiwe akubhekwa njengokuphephile.

Ukwehlisa ubungozi bokuthola lezi zifo, kufanele njalo upheke inyama yakho yengulube ezingeni lokushisa elifanele.

Ukudla inyama yengulube eluhlaza noma engaphekiwe kungakugulisa kakhulu futhi kukubeka engcupheni yama-parasites afana ne-wormworms noma i-tapeworms. Lokhu kuvamise ukubulawa lapho kuphekwa - yingakho kubalulekile ukupheka ingulube yakho kahle.

Izimpawu zokudla ingulube engcolisiwe

Izimpawu ze-trichinosis zingavela kungakapheli izinsuku ezi-1 kuya kwezi-2 zokudla ingulube engcolile, engaphekiwe - kepha kungenzeka ingakhombisi kuze kube yisonto ngemuva kokungenisa ().

Lapho izibungu sezingene ohlelweni lwakho lokugaya ukudla bese ziqala ukuzala kabusha ngezinsuku ezi-5 kuya kwezi-7, ungahle uzwe ukucasuka kwamathumbu, okunezimpawu ezinjengokucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ukugabha, isifo sohudo, ukukhathala, kanye neziqubu zesisu ().

Ngemuva kwalokho, isonto kuya emasontweni ambalwa ngemuva kokungeniswa, izibungu ziqala ukuzicwilisa zibe yizindonga zemisipha namathumbu.

Kulesi sigaba, izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane omkhulu, ubuhlungu bemisipha, ukuzwela okulula, ukutheleleka kwamehlo, ukuvuvukala kobuso, ukuqubuka, ikhanda, nokugodla kuvamile ().

I-Trichinosis kwesinye isikhathi ingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu kakhulu, ezithinta inhliziyo noma ubuchopho. Yize lezi zinkinga zingavamile, zingabulala. Ngokwelashwa okwanele, iningi lizolulama kwi-trichinosis cishe emasontweni ayisishiyagalombili ().

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izifo ezihlobene ne-tapeworm ezifana ne-taeniasis noma i-cysticercosis zilukhuni ukuthola ukuthi ama-tapeworms awabangeli izimpawu ezisheshayo futhi kaningi awaziwa.

Izikelemu ze-tapeworm zingatholakala cishe ezinyangeni ezimbili kuya kwezingu-3 ngemuva kokungeniswa kwenyama engcolisiwe ngochungechunge lwamasampula endle.

Uma izimpawu ze-taeniasis zikhula, ngokuvamile zifaka:

• ukuncipha kwesisindo okungaqondakali
• izinkinga zokugaya ukudla
• ubuhlungu
• ukucasuka okuzungeze indawo yangasese
• ukuvinjelwa kwamathumbu

Kodwa-ke, uma ngokungazelelwe uhlaselwa yisifo sokuwa, lesi ngesinye sezimpawu ze-cysticercosis. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isisinjana esihambile siye kwezinye izindawo zomzimba njengobuchopho, iso, noma inhliziyo ().

Uma uhlangabezana nenye yalezi zimpawu, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Abantu abanobungozi obukhulu

Labo abanamasosha omzimba abekeke engcupheni kufanele baqaphele ikakhulukazi ngokulandela imihlahlandlela yokuphepha kokudla nokupheka inyama yengulube ezingeni lokushisa elifanele.

Lokhu kufaka phakathi labo abakhulelwe, abelashwa ngemdlavuza, noma ngemithi ethile ecindezela amasosha omzimba.

Ngokwengeziwe, abantu abaphila ne-HIV, i-AIDS, isifo sikashukela, noma labo abathole ukufakelwa izitho ezithile kufanele baqaphele ikakhulukazi ukuthi ukudla kwabo kuqhamukaphi nokuthi kulungiswa kahle.

Izimpawu ze-trichinosis zingafaka isicanucanu, amajaqamba esiswini, futhi, kamuva, izinhlungu zemisipha, ukuvuvukala kobuso, kanye nemfiva ephezulu. Izikelemu zesikhunta kungenzeka zingabangeli izimpawu kodwa zisengakugulisa futhi zize zibangele nokuquleka okungazelelwe.

Izinguquko emikhubeni

Ngenxa yemikhuba yezolimo ethuthukisiwe e-United States, Canada nase-Europe emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule, ukuthuthuka kwe-trichinosis sekuyivelakancane (,).

Empeleni, kusuka ngo-2011–2015, isilinganiso samacala ayi-16 we-trichinosis abikwa kumaCenter for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) e-United States unyaka nonyaka (,).

Ukulinganiselwa kwe-trichinosis emhlabeni wonke kukhulu kakhulu - ezimweni eziyi-10,000 unyaka ngamunye - iningi lisuka eChina naseNingizimu mpumalanga ye-Asia noma emazweni aseMpumalanga Yurophu (,).

Amacala we-tapeworm ahlobene nengulube kunzima ukuwaqonda, kodwa emhlabeni wonke kulinganiselwa ukuthi ukufa kwabantu abangama-28,000 ngonyaka kungabangelwa yilezi zinambuzane ().

Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi imikhuba e-United States isathuthuka.

Ngo-Okthoba 1, 2019, uMnyango Wezolimo wase-United States (i-USDA) umemezele ukuthi uzokwehlisa inani labahloli bawo esizeni futhi uvumele abakhiqizi bezingulube ukuthi bazihlole ngokwabo imikhiqizo yabo yengulube. Lezi zinyathelo ziqale ukusebenza ezinyangeni ezi-2 kamuva (8).

Phambilini, ngabahloli bakahulumeni kuphela abebenganquma ukuthi yimiphi imikhiqizo yengulube ebukeka iphephe ngokwanele ukuthi ingathengiselwa umphakathi (8).

Yize kusheshe kakhulu ukuqonda umphumela walolu shintsho olubalulekile, kungamela ukwenganyelwa okuncane. Ngakho-ke, ukupheka kahle ingulube yakho kuhlala kubalulekile.

Izinguquko emikhubeni yezolimo emashumini eminyaka adlule e-United States zenze inyama yengulube iphephe ukudliwa. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kusanda kushintsha, kuvumela ukwenganyelwa okuncane. Kunoma ikuphi, kusabalulekile ukugwema ukudla ingulube engadakiwe.

Izeluleko ezijwayelekile zokukugcina uphephile

Ngeke ukwazi ukusho ukuthi ingulube yakho ithelelekile yini Imiklamo ye-Trichinella noma ama-tapeworms engulube ngokuwabuka nje, ngoba lezi zibungu zincane ngosayizi. Ngakho-ke, isivikelo esihle kakhulu kwi-trichinosis ukupheka ingulube yakho kahle.

UTrichinae ubulawa ngo-137 ° F (58 ° C), kuyilapho amaqanda ezikelemu kanye nezibungu kubulawa phakathi kuka-122-149 ° F (50-65 ° C) (,,).

Ucwaningo oluthile lwathola ukuthi amaqanda nezikelemu zengulube zingabulawa emazingeni aphansi ka-122 ° F (50 ° C) wama-roast abhaka ngaphezulu kwemizuzu engu-15-20, kepha kudingeka amazinga aphezulu okushisa angaphezu kuka-149 ° F (65 ° C) izitsha ezinomxube wengulube womhlabathi (,).

E-United States, ochwepheshe batusa ukuba kuphekwe ingulube kuze kube yilapho izinga lokushisa layo langaphakathi lifinyelela ku-145 ° F (63 ° C) ngama-chops, ama-steaks, kanye nezinkalo. Ngenkomo yengulube, inyama yenyama, noma imixube yenyama yomhlabathi, pheka okungenani u-160 ° F (71 ° C) (11).

Noma ngabe ingulube yengulube noma yomhlabathi, kufanele uvumele inyama iphumule imizuzu emithathu ngaphambi kokudla. Lokhu kuvumela inyama ukuthi iqhubeke nokupheka futhi ikhuphuke emazingeni okushisa.

Uma iphekwe yafika ku-145 ° F (63 ° C), ungaqaphela ukuthi inyama emhlophe inokuthinta oku pink njengoba usika kuyo. Ngokweziqondiso ezibuyekeziwe ezivela ku-USDA, lokhu kuyamukeleka.

Kufanele usebenzise i-thermometer elinganisiwe ukuthatha izinga lokushisa lenyama yakho, bese ulandela imihlahlandlela yomkhiqizi.

Ukuphathwa kokudla okufanele nakho kubaluleke kakhulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuwashwa kwezandla kubalulekile ngenkathi upheka, njengokusebenzisa amanzi ahlanzekile okuphuza ukugeza izindawo zokusika, izitsha, noma izitsha.

Ungafunda ezinye izeluleko zokuphepha zokuphatha ukudla esizeni se-USDA.

Ukupheka ingulube yakho ezingeni lokushisa eliphephile kubalulekile ukugwema ukutheleleka. Ngenkathi izinkalo zengulube, ama-chops, nama-steaks kufanele kuphekwe ku-145 ° F (63 ° C), inyama yengulube kufanele ifinyelele okungenani ku-160 ° F (71 ° C). Vumela inyama yakho ukuthi iphumule imizuzu emithathu ngaphambi kokudla.

Okubalulekile

Ukudla ingulube eluhlaza noma engaphekiwe akuwona umqondo omuhle. Inyama ingaba nezimuncagazi, njengezibungu eziyisiyingi noma izikelemu.

Lokhu kungadala izifo ezitholakala ekudleni njenge-trichinosis noma i-taeniasis. Yize kuyivelakancane, i-trichinosis ingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu kwesinye isikhathi ezibulalayo. Labo abanamasosha omzimba abekeke engcupheni kufanele baqaphele ikakhulukazi.

Yize ukuthuthuka kwemikhuba yezolimo kwenze ukuthi izifo ezithile zingabi namathuba amancane, kuselulekwa ukuthi usebenzise ukuphathwa kokudla okufanele futhi upheke inyama yakho yengulube ezingeni lokushisa elinconyiwe.

Ngale ndlela, ungapheka inyama yengulube engemnandi nje kuphela kepha iphephile ukuyidla.