Imithi yomfutho wegazi ophakeme: Izinhlobo ze-6 ezisetshenziswe kakhulu nemiphumela emibi

-Delile

• 4. Ama-vasodilator aqondile
• 5. Izivimbeli zesiteshi seCalcium
• 6. Izivimbeli ze-Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)
• Imiphumela emibi engaba khona
• Uzoyeka nini ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezinomfutho wegazi ophezulu
• Izinketho zekhambi lasekhaya lomfutho wegazi ophakeme
• Izindlela zokwelapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme lapho ukhulelwe

Izidakamizwa ezinomfutho wegazi ophakeme, ezibizwa ngokuthi imishanguzo yokulwa nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, zikhonjiswa ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi nokuwugcina ungaphansi kolawulo, ngamanani angaphansi kuka-14 kuya ku-9 (140 x 90 mmHg), njengoba umfutho wegazi ophakeme ungadala izinkinga ezifana nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo , i-angina, izinkinga zezinso noma isifo sohlangothi, isibonelo.

Kunezinhlobonhlobo zemithi engasetshenziselwa ukwelapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme, njenge-diuretics, i-adrenergic blockers noma i-vasodilators, ngokwesibonelo, okufanele ikhonjiswe ngudokotela wenhliziyo ngamunye ngokobukhulu besifo noma ngengcuphe yezinkinga. Kwezinye izimo, la makhambi angasetshenziswa ngokuhlangana.

Imithi yomfutho wegazi ophakeme kufanele ihlale ikhonjiswa ngudokotela wenhliziyo futhi kufanele kwenziwe ukwelashwa okujwayelekile ukubheka ukuthi ngabe ukwelashwa kunciphisa umfutho wegazi yini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela kufanele futhi akhombise ukwehla kokusetshenziswa kasawoti kanye nokwenza umkhuba wokuvivinya umzimba, njengokuhamba, ngokwesibonelo, okungenani ama-3 ngesonto ukusiza ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi.

4. Ama-vasodilator aqondile

Ama-vasodilator aqondile akhuthaza ukukhululeka kwemithambo yegazi, ibavimbele ekungeneni, okwenza igazi ligijime kalula ngemithambo futhi inhliziyo ayidingi ukusebenzisa amandla amaningi ukupompa igazi emzimbeni, ngakho-ke, ziyasiza ukwehlisa igazi ingcindezi. Ama-vasodilator amakhulu akhonjiswa odokotela yi-hydralazine ne-minoxidil.

I-Minoxidil isetshenziswa ngomlomo ukwelapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme ongathuthuki neminye imishanguzo futhi uvame ukusetshenziswa ngokuhlangana ne-diuretic noma i-beta-blocker. Leli khambi linomphumela ohlangothini wokwandisa inani lezinwele emzimbeni futhi, ngakho-ke, kuboniswa nodokotela besikhumba ekwelapheni ukulahleka kwezinwele kanye nempandla, kepha-ke, kulezi zimo, ukusetshenziswa kuyisihloko, nesixazululo se-minoxidil ngqo ekhanda.

5. Izivimbeli zesiteshi seCalcium

Ama-calcium channel blocker anciphisa umfutho wegazi ngoba avimbela i-calcium ukuthi ingene kumaseli enhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, okuvumela imithambo yegazi ukuba iphumule futhi ivuleke, okwenza ngcono ukugeleza kwegazi emzimbeni futhi kunciphise umzamo wenhliziyo wokumpompa igazi.

Izidakamizwa eziyinhloko kulesi sigaba semithi eqeda umfutho wegazi ophezulu yi-amlodipine, i-nifedipine, i-felodipine, i-nitrendipine, i-manidipine, i-lercanidipine, i-levanlodipine, i-lacidipine, i-isradipine, i-nisoldipine ne-nimodipine.

Abanye abavimba isiteshi se-calcium, njenge-verapamil ne-diltiazem, banenzuzo eyengeziwe yokwehlisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, okunganciphisa umfutho wegazi, kudambise izinhlungu zesifuba futhi kulawule ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile.

6. Izivimbeli ze-Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)

Izivimbeli ze-enzyme eguqula i-angiotensin zivimbela ukukhiqizwa kwe-angiotensin, i-hormone ebangela ukuthi imithambo yegazi inciphe futhi inyuse umfutho wegazi, iphoqe inhliziyo ukuthi isebenze kanzima. Ngokuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kwale hormone, lesi sigaba semithi yokulwa nomfutho wegazi ophezulu sisiza ukukhulula imithambo nemithambo yegazi futhi sinciphise umfutho wegazi.

Ama-inhibitors amakhulu we-enzyme eguqula i-angiotensin yi-captopril, i-enalapril, i-ramipril ne-lisinopril, engadala ukukhwehlela okomile njengomphumela oseceleni.

Esinye isigaba semithi esinemiphumela efana nale, kepha ngaphandle komthelela ohlangothini wokukhwehlela owomile, abaphikisana ne-angiotensin receptor abanciphisa umfutho wegazi ngokuvimbela imiphumela ye-hormone angiotensin, futhi kufaka phakathi izidakamizwa losartan, valsartan, candesartan kanye ne-telmisartan.

Imiphumela emibi engaba khona

Imiphumela engemihle yemithi yomfutho wegazi ophakeme ifaka isiyezi, ukugcinwa koketshezi, ushintsho ekushayeni kwenhliziyo, ikhanda, ukuhlanza, isicanucanu, ukujuluka noma ukungabi namandla. Lapho ubona noma iyiphi yale miphumela, udokotela wenhliziyo kufanele aziswe ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukunciphisa umthamo womuthi noma ukuwushintshanisa ngomunye.

Izindlela zokwelapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme azikhuluphele, kepha ezinye zingadala ukuvuvukala, futhi kulezi zimo, udokotela wenhliziyo angancoma nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa.

Uzoyeka nini ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezinomfutho wegazi ophezulu

Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ukulawula umfutho wegazi ophezulu ezimweni eziningi kugcinwa impilo yonke, ngoba umfutho wegazi ophakeme uyisifo esingelapheki, kanti ukwelashwa kubalulekile ukunciphisa ubungozi bezinkinga ezifana nokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, i-aneurysm noma ukwehluleka kwezinso, isibonelo.

Le mithi kufanele iphuzwe ngokwesincomo sikadokotela wenhliziyo, okufanele futhi aqondise umuntu ukuthi agcine idayari ebhala amanothi ngomfutho wegazi olinganiswa ekhaya. Funda ukuthi ulinganisa kanjani umfutho wegazi ekhaya.

Izinketho zekhambi lasekhaya lomfutho wegazi ophakeme

Ikhambi elihle lasekhaya lomfutho wegazi ophakeme ijusi lewolintshi, njengoba i-orange inothe nge-potassium esiza ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi, ngaphezu kokuba nama-antioxidants asiza ukugcina imithambo yegazi iphilile futhi ivikela izifo ezifana ne-atherosclerosis, isifo senhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi, isibonelo . Kodwa-ke, umuntu kufanele agweme ijusi lamagilebhisi noma isithelo segilebhisi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngezidakamizwa ezinomfutho wegazi ophakeme, njengoba lesi sithelo singanciphisa ukusebenza kwe-enzyme ebhekele ukuxubusha lezi zidakamizwa, ezingadala ukwanda kwemiphumela emibi noma ukudakwa.

Enye indlela enhle yekhambi lemvelo lomfutho wegazi ophakeme ijusi kalamula negalikhi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, vele ususe wonke ujusi kusuka kulamula ama-3, gaya ama-clove ayi-2 kagalikhi, ufake ujusi, ama-clove egalikhi neglasi elilodwa lamanzi ku-blender, hlanganisa kahle, thambisa ukunambitha nokuphuza emini, phakathi kokudla kwekhefu. Bheka ezinye izinketho ngamakhambi asekhaya wehigh blood.

Buka le vidiyo nesazi sokudla uTatiana Zanin ngamathiphu okusiza ukulawula umfutho wegazi ophezulu:

Izindlela zokwelapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme lapho ukhulelwe

Amakhambi omfutho wegazi ophakeme ekukhulelweni, ongaqokwa ngudokotela wenhliziyo, ngokwesibonelo yi-methyldopa noma i-hydralazine.

Endabeni yabesifazane asebevele benengcindezi ephezulu yegazi ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, udokotela wenhliziyo kufanele athathe indawo yemithi ebikade isetshenziselwa imishanguzo ekhishwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, engalethi zinkinga enganeni.