Izixazululo Eziphezulu eziyi-10 Zesikele nokuthi Ungazithatha kanjani

-Delile

• 1. I-Albendazole
• 2. UMebendazole
• 3. INitazoxanide
• 4. I-Piperazine
• 5. IPirantel
• 6. Ivermectin
• 7. Thiabendazole
• 8. ISecnidazole
• 9. IMetronidazole
• 10. IPraziquantel
• Ubani okungafanele asebenzise umuthi ngezikelemu
• Izinketho zokuzenzela izibungu
• Ungakugwema kanjani ukungcoliswa futhi

Ukwelashwa ngamakhambi ezikelemu kwenziwa ngomthamo owodwa, kepha kungakhonjiswa nemithi yezinsuku ezi-3, 5 noma ngaphezulu, ehluka ngohlobo lomuthi noma isibungu okufanele silwe.

Amakhambi ezikelemu kufanele athathwe njalo ngokusho kwesincomo sikadokotela futhi kuvamise ukukhonjiswa lapho kutholakala izikelemu lapho kuhlolwa indle noma lapho kusolwa ukutheleleka ngezimpawu ezifana nendlala eyeqile, ukwehla kwesisindo esinzima noma izinguquko emathunjini omgwaqo, ngokwesibonelo. Bheka izimpawu eziyinhloko zezikelemu.

Izindlela zokwelapha ezisetshenzisiwe nezenzo zazo ngohlobo ngalunye lwezibungu ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

1. I-Albendazole

I-Albendazole ngumuthi osetshenziswa kabanzi, njengoba ulwa nezimuncagazi zamathumbu, njenge-Ascariasis, iTrichocephaliasis, i-Enterobiasis (i-oxyuriasis), iHookworm, iStrongyloidiasis, iTeniasis neGiardiasis. Isenzo sayo siqukethe ukwehlisa ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana nezicubu zemisundu kanye neprotozoa, okudala ukufa kwalezi zinambuzane.

Isetshenziswa kanjani: imvamisa, umthamo osetshenziswa we-Albendazole ungama-400 mg, ngomthamo owodwa, ekwelapheni abantu abadala nezingane ezingaphezu kweminyaka emibili, ngokusho kwepheshana lephakheji. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, ukusetshenziswa kungalulekwa udokotela isikhathi eside, njengezinsuku ezi-3 ezimeni zeStrongyloidiasis neTeniasis, noma izinsuku ezi-5, ezimweni zeGiardiasis, ngokwesibonelo.

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile: ubuhlungu besisu, ikhanda elibuhlungu, isiyezi, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, isifuba nokuphakama emazingeni ama-enzyme wesibindi.

2. UMebendazole

Lo muthi usetshenziselwa ukwelapha izinhlobo eziningi zezikelemu, ngoba uqeda imisebenzi yamaseli abhekele amandla ezinambuzane, okwenza ukufa kwezikelemu okubanga izifo ezifana ne-Enterobiasis (oxyuriasis), Ascariasis, Trichocephaliasis, Echinococcosis, Hookworm kanye I-Teniasis.

Isetshenziswa kanjani: umthamo onconyiwe, ngokusho kokufakwa kwephakeji, ngu-100 mg, kabili ngosuku, izinsuku ezi-3, noma njengokuyalelwa ngudokotela, kwabantu abadala nezingane ezingaphezu kweminyaka emibili. Umthamo wokwelapha ngempumelelo i-Teniasis kubantu abadala, ungaba yi-200 mg, kabili ngosuku, izinsuku ezintathu.

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile: ikhanda, isiyezi, ukulahleka kwezinwele, ukungaphatheki kahle esiswini, umkhuhlane, ukubomvu kwesikhumba, izinguquko kumaseli egazi nokuphakama kwamazinga enzyme yesibindi.

3. INitazoxanide

Waziwa nangokuthi igama lokuhweba u-Annita, lo muthi ungenye esebenza kahle kakhulu ekulweni nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezikelemu kanye ne-protozoa, njengoba usebenza ngokuvimbela ama-enzyme amaseli abalulekile empilweni yama-parasites, phakathi kwawo i-Enterobiasis (oxyuriasis), I-Ascariasis, iStrongyloidiasis, isifo seHookworm, iTrichocephaliasis, iTeniasis neHymenolepiasis, Amebiasis, Giardiasis, Cryptosporidiasis, Blastocytosis, Balantidiasis ne-Isosporiasis.

Isetshenziswa kanjani: ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuvame ukwenziwa ngomthamo we-500mg, njalo ngamahora we-12, ngezinsuku ezi-3. Umthamo ezinganeni ezingaphezu konyaka owodwa ungu-0.375 ml (7.5 mg) wesisombululo somlomo nge-kg yesisindo, njalo emahoreni ayi-12, izinsuku ezi-3, njengoba kushiwo kufakwa kwephakeji, noma njengokuyalelwa ngudokotela.

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile: umchamo oluhlaza okotshani, ubuhlungu besisu, uhudo, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ikhanda elibuhlungu, amazinga aphezulu e-enzyme yesibindi kanye ne-anemia.

4. I-Piperazine

Kungumbulali owusizo wokwelapha i-Ascariasis ne-Enterobiasis (i-oxyuriasis), futhi usebenza ngokuvimba ukusabela kwemisipha, kubangele ukukhubazeka, ukuze kuqedwe besaphila ngumzimba.

Isetshenziswa kanjani: umthamo onconywayo walo muthi uqondiswa udokotela, futhi, ngokusho kwephakeji, ukwelapha i-Enterobiasis kungama-65 mg ngekhilogremu ngayinye, ngosuku, izinsuku eziyi-7, kubantu abadala nezingane. Endabeni ye-Ascariasis, umthamo ngu-3.5 g, izinsuku ezimbili, kubantu abadala kanye no-75 mg ngekhilogremu yesisindo, izinsuku ezimbili, ezinganeni.

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile: isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, ubuhlungu besisu, ubomvu, isifuba nesiyezi.

5. IPirantel

I-anti-parasitic esebenza futhi ngokukhubaza izibungu, ezixoshwa ziphila ngokunyakaza kwamathumbu, zilusizo ukulwa nezifo ezifana ne-hookworm, ascariasis ne-enterobiasis (oxyuriasis).

Isetshenziswa kanjani: isilinganiso esinconywe yipheshana lephakeji singu-11 mg ngekhilogremu yesisindo, ngomthamo omkhulu ongu-1 g, ngomthamo owodwa, kubantu abadala nezingane, kanti ukwelashwa kungaphindwa ngemuva kwamasonto amabili ukuqinisekisa ukwelashwa kwe-Enterobiasis.

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile: ukungabi nesifiso sokudla, amajaqamba nobuhlungu besisu, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isiyezi, ukozela nokuphathwa ikhanda.

6. Ivermectin

Ivermectin ilusizo kakhulu ekwelapheni izibungu ezibanga iStrongyloidiasis, Onchocerciasis, Filariasis, Scabies and Pediculosis, okuyizintwala, futhi zibulala lezi zinambuzane ngokuguqula ukwakheka kwamaseli akho emisipha kanye nezinzwa.

Isetshenziswa kanjani: ngokusho kwepheshana lephakheji, umthamo onconywayo walo muthi ngu-200 mcg ngekhilogremu yesisindo, kanye ngosuku, noma ngokweseluleko sezokwelapha, kubantu abadala nezingane ezingaphezu kwesisindo esingu-15 kg.

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile: uhudo, ukuzwa ukugula, ukuhlanza, ubuthakathaka, ubuhlungu besisu, ukungathandi ukudla, ukuqunjelwa, isiyezi, ukozela, ukuthuthumela, isifuba.

7. Thiabendazole

Futhi ngumuthi owusizo ekuqedeni izibungu, usetshenziselwa ukwelapha iStrongyloidiasis, i-Cutaneous Larva migrans kanye neVisceral Larva migrans (toxocariasis), njengoba ivimbela ama-enzyme amaseli ezibungu, abangela ukufa kwawo.

Isetshenziswa kanjani: umthamo onconyiwe ungahluka ngokuya ngesibonakaliso sezokwelapha, kepha umthamo we-50 mg wekhilogremu ngayinye yesisindo (esiphezulu esingu-3 g) uvamise ukwelulekwa, isilinganiso esisodwa, sabantu abadala nezingane, futhi kungathatha izinsuku ezimbalwa zokwelashwa ukuqeda i-visceral Izibungu ezifudukayo.

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile: isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, umlomo owomile, isifo sohudo, ukwehla kwesisindo, ubuhlungu besisu, ubuhlungu besisu, ukukhathala nesiyezi.

8. ISecnidazole

ISecnidazole yisidakamizwa esiphazamisa i-DNA ye-protozoa, sidale ukufa kwabo, futhi sisetshenziswa kakhulu ekwelapheni i-amebiasis ne-giardiasis.

Isetshenziswa kanjani: umthamo onconyiwe walo muthi ngu-2 g, umthamo owodwa, noma ngokweseluleko sezokwelapha, kubantu abadala. Ezinganeni, umthamo ungama-30 mg ngekhilogremu ngayinye, ngaphandle kokudlula umthamo ophakeme ka-2 g. Leli remedy kufanele lithathwe ngoketshezi oluncane, okungcono emva kokudla kwakusihlwa.

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile: isicanucanu, ubuhlungu esiswini, ushintsho ekunambithekeni, ngokunambitheka kwensimbi, ukuvuvukala kolimi nolwelwesi lwamafinyila emlonyeni, kwehla enanini lamaseli amhlophe egazi, isiyezi.

9. IMetronidazole

Iyimithi elwa namagciwane ewusizo ezinhlotsheni eziningana zamagciwane, kodwa-ke, inesenzo esikhulu sokulwa ne-protozoa ebanga izifo zamathumbu ezifana ne-Amebiasis neGiardiasis, esebenza ngokuphazamisa i-DNA yama-bacteria ne-protozoa, okwenza ukufa kwabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibuye isetshenziselwe kabanzi ezinye izinhlobo zezifo ze-protozoal, ezinjengezifo zangasese zeGardnerella vaginalis neTrichomoniasis.

Isetshenziswa kanjani: ngokusho kwepheshana lephakheji, ukusetshenziswa okunconywayo ukwelapha iGiardiasis kungu-250 mg, kathathu ngosuku, izinsuku ezi-5, kanti, ukwelapha i-Amebiasis, kunconywa ukuthatha ama-500 mg, amahlandla ama-4 ngosuku, izinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kwayi-10 izinsuku, okufanele ziqondiswe udokotela.

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile: ubuhlungu besisu, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, i-mucositis yomlomo, ushintsho ekunambithekeni okunjengokunambitheka kwensimbi, isiyezi, ikhanda elibuhlungu, isifuba.

10. IPraziquantel

I-antiparasitic esebenza ukwelapha izifo ezifana neSchistosomiasis, Teniasis kanye neCysticercosis, esebenza ukubanga ukukhubazeka kwesibungu, okubulawa isenzo sokuzivikela komzimba.

Isetshenziswa kanjani: ukwelapha i-schistosomiasis kubantu abadala nasezingane ezingaphezu kweminyaka engu-4, ukwelulekwa ngemithamo emi-2 kuye kwemithathu ye-20 mg nge-kg yesisindo ngosuku olulodwa. Ukwelapha i-Teniasis, kunconyelwa u-5 kuya ku-10 mg ngekhilogremu yesisindo, kumthamo owodwa naku-Cysticercosis, 50 mg / kg ngosuku, ihlukaniswe ngemithamo emi-3 yansuku zonke, izinsuku eziyi-14, ngokusho kwephakeji.

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile: ubuhlungu besisu, ukuzwa ukugula, ukuhlanza, ikhanda elibuhlungu, isiyezi, ubuthakathaka kanye nesifuba.

Kwezinye izimo, kungenzeka futhi ukuthi inani nenani lezinsuku zokusetshenziswa kwalezi zidakamizwa okukhulunywe ngazo ngenhla lizohluka, ngokusho kwesibonakaliso sokwelashwa, uma kunezici ezithile ekwelapheni umuntu ngamunye, njengokutholakala kokuzivikela komzimba okhubazekile, njengoba kwenzeka kubantu abane-AIDS, noma uma ukutheleleka okubangelwa yizikelemu kubucayi kakhulu, njengasesimweni se-hyperinfection noma ukutheleleka kwezitho ezingaphandle kwamathumbu, isibonelo.

Ubani okungafanele asebenzise umuthi ngezikelemu

Ngokuvamile, amakhambi ezikelemu akufanele asetshenziswe yizingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kwemibili ubudala, abesifazane abakhulelwe nabesifazane abancelisayo, ngaphandle kwalapho belulekwa ngudokotela. Kufanele ufunde ngokucophelela okufakiwe kwephakeji, ngoba umuthi ngamunye ungaba nokuphikisana okuhlukile.

Izinketho zokuzenzela izibungu

Kukhona izinketho zamakhambi emvelo ezingasiza ukulwa nezibungu, kepha akufanele neze zithathe indawo yokwelashwa okuholwa ngudokotela, kuyizinketho ezihambisanayo kuphela.

Ezinye izibonelo ukudla imbewu yamathanga, imbewu kapopo noma ukuphuza upelepermint nobisi, isibonelo, kepha abukho ubufakazi besayensi bokusebenza kwala makhambi asekhaya okwelashwa. Bheka imininingwane ngezindlela zokwelapha ekhaya ngezikelemu.

Ungakugwema kanjani ukungcoliswa futhi

Izikelemu zihlala zikhona, emanzini angalashwa, emhlabathini ngisho nasekudleni okungagezwanga kahle. Ngakho-ke, ukuvikela ekungenweni yizikelemu, kubalulekile ukulandela izeluleko ezinjengalezi:

• Gcina izandla zakho zihlanzekile, uzigeze ngensipho namanzi, ngemuva kokusebenzisa izindlu zangasese noma uvakashele izindawo zomphakathi;
• Gwema ukuluma izipikili;
• Gwema ukuhamba ungafake zicathulo, ikakhulukazi emhlabathini onothuli nodaka;
• Ungaphuzi amanzi angahlungwa kahle noma abilisiwe;
• Geza futhi uhlanze amasaladi nezithelo ngaphambi kokudla. Bona indlela elula yokugeza imifino yakho ngaphambi kokudla.

Bona nezinye izinketho zalokho okufanele ukwenze ukwelapha nokuthi ungazivikela kanjani ezikelemeni, kuvidiyo elandelayo: