I-Rheumatoid Arthritis namaDolo: Okufanele Ukwazi

-Delile

• I-RA ithinta kanjani amadolo
• Izimpawu
• Ukuxilongwa
• Ukuhlolwa komzimba
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
• Ukuhlola ukuhlolwa
• Ukwelashwa
• Amanye amakhambi
• Ukubonana nodokotela nini
• Okubalulekile

I-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) uhlobo lwesifo samathambo lapho amasosha akho omzimba ehlasela izicubu ezinempilo emajoyintini akho.

Imvamisa ithinta amalunga ezandleni nasezinyaweni, kepha ingathinta namadolo namanye amalunga. I-RA ivame ukulingana futhi. Isibonelo, lokhu kusho ukuthi womabili amadolo azothinteka.

Abantu baseMelika abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-1.5 bane-RA. Kepha amadolo akho kungenzeka angaqali ukukhombisa izimpawu ze-RA kuze kube kamuva, ngisho nangemva kweminyaka izimpawu ziqala ukuvela.

I-RA engalashwa ingadala ukuvuvukala okuhlala isikhathi eside futhi okuqhubekayo okungaholela ekulimaleni ngokuhlanganyela. Cishe amaphesenti angama-60 abantu abaneRA babika ukuthi abakwazi ukusebenza ngemuva kweminyaka eyishumi ngenxa yezimpawu zabo uma bengakutholi ukwelashwa.

Ake sibheke ukuthi i-RA ingawathinta kanjani amadolo akho, ukuthi ungazibona kanjani izimpawu, nokuthi ungathola kanjani ukuthi itholakele futhi yelashwa ngaphambi kokuba idale umonakalo.

I-RA ithinta kanjani amadolo

Ku-RA, amasosha akho omzimba ahlasela futhi alimaze ulwelwesi lwamajoyini ahlangene nezicubu ze-capsular ezizungeze ukuhlangana. Kuyafana ne-RA emadolweni akho:

1. Amaseli omzimba abhekise kulwelwesi lwe-synovial olugudla ukuhlangana kwamadolo. Lolu ulwelwesi luvikela uqwanga, imisipha nezinye izicubu zamadolo. Iphinde yenze uketshezi lwe-synovial, oluthambisa ukujoyina ukuvumela ukunyakaza okushelelayo.
2. Kuvuvukala ulwelwesi. Lokhu kubangela ubuhlungu bokuvuvukala kwezicubu. Ukunyakaza kwamadolo nakho kunqunyelwe njengoba ulwelwesi oluvuvukile luthatha isikhala esiningi endaweni yamadolo.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuvuvukala kungalimaza uqwanga nemisipha yamalunga emadolo. Lokhu kusiza idolo lakho lihambe futhi ligcine amathambo ekugayaneni.

Njengoba zilimala, uqwanga luyaphela futhi amathambo aqala ukududulana agayane. Lokhu kubangela ubuhlungu nokulimala kwamathambo.

Ukulimala kweRA nakho kuphakamisa ubungozi bokuphuka noma ukugqoka amathambo kalula. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima noma kungenzeki ukuhamba noma ukuma ngaphandle kobuhlungu noma ubuthakathaka.

Izimpawu

Uphawu oluphawuleka kakhulu lwe-RA ubumnene, ubuhlungu, noma ukungakhululeki okuba kubi kakhulu lapho ume, uhamba, noma uzivocavoca umzimba. Lokhu kwaziwa njenge-flare-up. Ingasuka ebuhlungwini obumnene, obushisayo kuya ebuhlungu obukhulu, obucijile.

Izimpawu ezivamile ze-RA emadolweni akho zifaka:

• imfudumalo ezungeze ilunga
• ukuqina noma ukukhiya ilunga, ikakhulukazi uma kubanda noma ekuseni
• ubuthakathaka noma ukungazinzi kwejoyini lapho ubeka isisindo kulo
• ubunzima bokuhambisa noma ukuqondisa ukuhlangana kwamadolo akho
• ukuqhuma, ukuchofoza, noma ukuqhuma kwemisindo lapho ukujoyina kuhamba

Ezinye izimpawu ze-RA ongazithola zihlanganisa:

• ukukhathala
• ukudikiza noma ukuba ndikindiki ezinyaweni noma eminweni
• umlomo owomile noma amehlo omile
• ukuvuvukala kweso
• ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla
• ukulahleka kwesisindo okungavamile

Ukuxilongwa

Nazi izindlela ezimbalwa udokotela wakho azokusebenzisa ukuthola i-RA emadolweni akho:

Ukuhlolwa komzimba

Ekuhlolweni komzimba, udokotela wakho angahambisa ngobumnene idolo lakho ukuze abone ukuthi ngabe yini ebangela noma yibuphi ubunzima noma ukuqina. Bangakucela ukuthi ubeke isisindo ejoyintini futhi ulalele ukugaya (i-crepitus) noma eminye imisindo engajwayelekile ejoyintini.

Bazobuza imibuzo ejwayelekile mayelana nezimpawu zakho kanye nomlando wezempilo nowezokwelapha, futhi.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi

Amaprotheni asebenza nge-C (CRP) noma i-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) angalinganisa amazinga ama-antibodies akhombisa ukuvuvukala emzimbeni wakho angasiza ukuxilonga i-RA.

Ukuhlola ukuhlolwa

Udokotela wakho kungenzeka asebenzise ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging ukuze abuke kangcono ukujoyina:

• Ama-X-ray angabonisa ukulimala okuphelele, ukungajwayelekile, noma izinguquko esimweni nasosayizi wesikhala esihlangene nesihlangene.
• Ama-MRIs ahlinzeka ngemininingwane enemininingwane, ye-3-D engaqinisekisa ukulimala kwamathambo noma izicubu ejoyintini.
• Ama-Ultrasound angabonisa uketshezi emadolweni nokuvuvukala.

Ukwelashwa

Ngokuya ngobunzima nokuqhubeka kwe-RA emadolweni akho, ungahle udinge kuphela imishanguzo ye-over-the-counter (OTC).

Ezimweni ezithuthukile, ungadinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze ubuyise ukuhamba noma ukunciphisa ubuhlungu nokuqina kokuhlangana kwamadolo akho.

Ukwelashwa kwe-RA okungadingi ukuhlinzwa kufaka phakathi:

• Ama-Corticosteroids. Udokotela wakho ujova ama-corticosteroids emadolweni ukuze asize ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu. Le mijovo ingeyesikhashana nje. Ungadinga ukuzithola njalo, imvamisa izikhathi ezimbalwa ngonyaka njengoba kudingeka.
• Ama-NSAID. Izidakamizwa ze-OTC nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs), njenge-naproxen noma ibuprofen, zinganciphisa ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala. Zitholakala cishe kunoma yisiphi isidakamizwa noma isitolo sokudla. Udokotela wakho angaphinde anikeze ama-NSAID anamandla, njengejeli le-diclofenac.
• Ama-DMARD. Imithi elwa nezifo elwa nezifo (i-DMARDs) inciphisa ukuvuvukala, okwenza izimpawu zibe nzima kakhulu futhi kunciphise ukuqala kweRA ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ama-DMARD abekwe ngokujwayelekile afaka phakathi i-hydroxychloroquine ne-methotrexate.
• I-Biologics. Uhlobo lwe-DMARD, i-biologics inciphisa ukuphendula kwamasosha akho omzimba ukunciphisa izimpawu ze-RA. Ama-biologics ajwayelekile afaka i-adalimumab ne-tocilizumab.

Izinketho zokuhlinzwa ze-RA zifaka:

• Ukulungisa imisipha noma imisipha elimele ingaqinisa idolo lakho ngokuhlanganyela futhi ulungise umonakalo ovela ekuvukeleni.
• Ukwakha kabusha amathambo emadolo noma izicubu ezihlangene (i-osteotomy) inganciphisa ubuhlungu ekulahlekeni kwe-cartilage nokugaya ithambo lamadolo.
• Kumiselela ukuhlangana kwamadolo ngeplastiki yokufakelwa noma insimbi yokufakelwa yensimbi ingabuyisa amandla nokuhamba kokujoyina. Lokhu kuyindlela ephumelele kakhulu - amaphesenti angama-85 amajoyinti afakwe esikhundleni asasebenza kahle ngemuva kweminyaka engama-20.
• Ukususa ulwelwesi lwe-synovial (i-synovectomy) ezungeze ukuhlangana kwamadolo kunganciphisa ubuhlungu obuvela ekuvuvukeni nasekunyakazeni, kepha akuvamile ukwenziwa namuhla.

Amanye amakhambi

Nazi ezinye izixazululo eziqinisekisiwe zasekhaya nezindlela yokuphila ongazama ngazo ukunciphisa izimpawu ze-RA emadolweni akho:

• Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila. Zama izivivinyo ezinomthelela ophansi njengokubhukuda noma i-tai chi ukususa ingcindezi emadolweni akho. Zivocavoce isikhathi esifushane ukunciphisa amathuba okuqhuma.
• Izinguquko zokudla. Zama ukudla okulwa nokuvuvukala noma izengezo zemvelo njenge-glucosamine, uwoyela wezinhlanzi, noma i-turmeric ukunciphisa izimpawu.
• Amakhambi asekhaya. Faka i-compress efudumele kujoyini ukusiza ukubuyisela ukuhamba okuthile futhi unciphise ukuvuvukala, ikakhulukazi ngokuhlangana ne-NSAID noma enye i-OTC pain reliever. njenge-acetaminophen.
• Amadivayisi okusiza. Zama ukufaka izicathulo ngokwezifiso noma ama-insoles. Ungasebenzisa futhi induku noma ugqoke amabhande okuqinisa amadolo ukunciphisa ingcindezi ezinhlangothini zamadolo akho ukuze kube lula ukuhamba.

Ukubonana nodokotela nini

Bheka udokotela wakho uma uhlangabezana nanoma ikuphi kokulandelayo okuhlobene namajoyinti akho amadolo:

• ukungakwazi ukuhamba noma ukwenza imisebenzi yakho ejwayelekile yansuku zonke ngenxa yobuhlungu obuhlangene noma ukuqina
• ubuhlungu obukhulu obukugcina up ebusuku noma okuthinta imizwa yakho yonke noma umbono wakho
• izimpawu eziphazamisa ikhwalithi yempilo yakho, njengokukuvimba ekwenzeni izinto ozithandayo noma ukubona abangane nomndeni

Funa ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nokuvuvukala okukhulu kwamadolo noma amalunga ashisayo, abuhlungu. Lokhu kungaphakamisa ukutheleleka okuyisisekelo okungaholela ekubhujisweni okuhlangene.

Okubalulekile

I-RA ingathinta amadolo akho njenganoma yiliphi elinye ilunga emzimbeni wakho futhi ibangele ubuhlungu, ukuqina, nokuvuvukala okungangena endleleni yokuphila kwakho kwansuku zonke.

Isihluthulelo ukuthola ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi futhi kaningi. Ilunga lingalimala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi likhawulele ukunyakaza kwakho, kwenze kube nzima ukuhamba noma ukuma.

Bona udokotela wakho uma ubuhlungu buphazamisa ikhwalithi yempilo yakho futhi kukwenze kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi eyisisekelo ebandakanya amadolo akho.