Amaqhuqhuva eRheumatoid: Ayini?

-Delile

• Babukeka kanjani?
• Kungani akha?
• Bakha kuphi?
• Ingabe zibuhlungu?
• Obani ngokuvamile abazitholayo?
• Ubaphatha kanjani?
• Ukubonana nodokotela nini
• Okubalulekile

I-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) yisifo sokuzilimaza komzimba lapho amasosha omzimba ehlasela ulwelwesi oluhlangene olwaziwa nge-synovium. Isimo singadala ukuthi kube namaqhuqhuva abuhlungu kulezi zingxenye zomzimba:

• izandla
• izinyawo
• izihlakala
• Izindololwane
• amaqakala
• izindawo umuntu angakwazi ukuzibona njalo, njengamaphaphu

Qhubeka ufunde ukuthola ukuthi la maqhuqhuva akha kanjani nanoma yimiphi imishanguzo engasiza.

Babukeka kanjani?

Amaqhuqhuva wesifo samathambo angaba ngosayizi kusuka kokuncane kakhulu (cishe amamilimitha amabili) ukuya kokukhulu (cishe amasentimitha amahlanu). Imvamisa zizungezile ngokuma, yize kungenzeka ukuthi zingaba nemingcele engajwayelekile.

Amaqhuqhuva ngokuvamile azizwa eqinile lapho ethinta futhi ngokuvamile ayahamba lapho ecindezelwa. Kwesinye isikhathi amaqhuqhuva angakha ukuxhumana nezicubu noma imisipha ngaphansi kwesikhumba futhi kungenzeka anganyakazi lapho ecindezelwa.

Amaqhuqhuva angaba nesisa ekuthinteni. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka lapho umuntu ebhekene ne-rheumatoid arthritis flare-up.

Amaqhuqhuva amakhulu kakhulu noma amaqhuqhuva ezindaweni ezithile angacindezela emithanjeni noma emithanjeni yegazi. Lokhu kungadala ukungaphatheki kahle futhi kuthinte amandla omuntu okuhambisa izandla, izinyawo, nokuningi.

Amaqhuqhuva ayahluka ngosayizi, ukuma, nendawo emzimbeni. Kwesinye isikhathi umuntu angaba nesigaxa esisodwa. Ngezinye izikhathi bangaba neqoqo lamaqhubu amancane.

Kungani akha?

Odokotela abazi ukuthi kungani amaqhuqhuva e-rheumatoid akha ngenxa yesifo samathambo. Imvamisa, umuntu uthola amaqhuqhuva e-rheumatoid lapho esene-RA iminyaka eminingana. Amaqhuqhuva akhiwe ngezinto ezilandelayo:

• I-Fibrin. Le yiprotheni ebamba iqhaza ekunqandeni igazi futhi ingavela ekulimaleni kwezicubu.
• Amaseli wokuvuvukala. I-rheumatoid arthritis ingadala ukuvuvukala emzimbeni okuholela ekwakhiweni kwamaqhuqhuva.
• Amaseli esikhumba afile. Amaseli esikhumba afile avela kumaprotheni asemzimbeni angakha kumaqhuqhuva.

Amaqhuqhuva angacishe afane nezinye izimo, njenge-epidermoid cysts, i-olecranon bursitis, ne-tophi ebangelwa yi-gout.

Bakha kuphi?

Amaqhubu wesifo samathambo angakha kulezi zindawo zomzimba ezilandelayo:

• emuva kwezithende
• Izindololwane
• iminwe
• amaqupha
• amaphaphu

Lezi zindawo imvamisa lapho kufakwa ingcindezi ezindaweni zomzimba noma ezungeze amalunga asetshenziswe kakhulu, njengezindololwane neminwe. Uma umuntu elele embhedeni, bangaba namaqhubu wesifo samathambo ku:

• ngemuva kwekhanda labo
• izithende
• i-sacrum
• ezinye izindawo zengcindezi

Ezimweni ezingavamile, amaqhuqhuva angakheka kwezinye izindawo, njengamehlo, amaphaphu, noma imicu yezwi. Lokhu kungaba nzima ukuthi udokotela akubone. Kodwa-ke, la maqhuqhuva angaphakathi angadala imiphumela emibi kakhulu, njengokuphefumula kanzima, uma i-nodule inkulu kakhulu ngosayizi.

Ingabe zibuhlungu?

Amaqhuqhuva e-rheumatoid arthritis awahlali ebuhlungu ngaso sonke isikhathi, yize kungaba njalo. Kwesinye isikhathi ukuvuvukala ngenxa yamaqhuqhuva kungadala isimo esibizwa nge-vasculitis. Lokhu ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi okuholela ezinhlungwini kumaqhuqhuva.

Obani ngokuvamile abazitholayo?

Izici eziningana zingakubeka engcupheni enkulu yokuthuthukisa amaqhuqhuva. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ucansi. Abesifazane basengozini enkulu yokuthola isifo samathambo kunamadoda.
• Isikhathi. Uma umuntu enesifo samathambo isikhathi eside, maningi amathuba okuthi azothuthukisa amaqhuqhuva.
• Ubunzima. Imvamisa, uma umuntu eba nesifo samathambo esibi kakhulu, maningi amathuba okuthi babe namaqhuqhuva.
• Isici se-rheumatoid. Abantu abanamazinga aphakeme we-rheumatoid factor egazini labo nabo banamathuba amaningi okuthola ama-nodules. Isici se-rheumatoid sisho amaprotheni asegazini ahlotshaniswa nokuphazamiseka kokuzimela komzimba, njenge-rheumatoid arthritis ne-Sjögren's syndrome.
• Ukubhema. Ngaphezu kwesifo samathambo esinzima kakhulu, ukubhema kungenye ingozi ebangelwa amaqhuqhuva e-rheumatoid.
• Izakhi zofuzo. Abantu abanezakhi zofuzo ezithile basengozini enkulu yokuthola isifo samathambo.

Ubaphatha kanjani?

Amaqhubu wesifo samathambo awadingi ukwelashwa ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kodwa-ke, uma zibangela ubuhlungu noma zivimbela ukunyakaza, udokotela wakho angancoma ukwelashwa.

Ukuthatha imishanguzo eyaziwa ngokuthi yimishanguzo yokuguqula isifo (i-DMARDs) kungasiza ekunciphiseni ubukhulu bamaqhubu athile e-rheumatoid.

Odokotela baxhumanise omunye umuthi wesifo samathambo, i-methotrexate, nokwandisa amathuba okuthi amaqhubu akhule. Lo muthi ucindezela amasosha omzimba. Uma amaqhuqhuva eyinkinga, udokotela wakho angancoma ukuthi ushintshe usuke kwi-methotrexate uye komunye umuthi, uma kunesidingo.

Kwesinye isikhathi imijovo ye-corticosteroids inganciphisa ukuvuvukala futhi yelaphe amaqhuqhuva e-rheumatoid. Uma lokhu kungasebenzi, udokotela wakho angancoma ukuthi ususe ngokuhlinzwa i-nodule noma ama-nodules. Noma kunjalo, amaqhuqhuva abuya kaningi ngemuva kokususwa kokuhlinzwa.

Ukubonana nodokotela nini

Amaqhuqhuva erheumatoid awahlali edala izinkinga. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi ezindaweni ezinengcindezi enkulu, njengezinyawo, isikhumba esingaphezu kwamaqhuqhuva singacasuka noma sitheleleke. Imiphumela ingaba ububomvu, ukuvuvukala, nokufudumala kumaqhuqhuva.

Amaqhubu athelelekile adinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Ama-antibiotic angadingeka ukwelapha ukutheleleka kwe-nodule.

Bheka udokotela wakho uma unezinhlungu ezinzima noma eziya ziba zimbi kunoma iziphi izigaxa ongase ube nazo noma amaqhuqhuva athinta kakhulu amandla akho okuhamba.

Amaqhuqhuva ngaphansi kwezinyawo nawo angenza kube nzima ukuhamba, kubangele ukungajwayelekile, noma kushintshe ukucindezeleka kwamanye amalunga, okuholela emadolweni, enqulwini, noma ezinhlungwini ezisezingeni eliphansi.

Okubalulekile

Amaqhubu wesifo samathambo angaba kusuka kokucasulayo kuya kobuhlungu. Ngenkathi zingadingi ukwelashwa, khuluma nodokotela wakho uma izimpawu zakho ziqala ukuba buhlungu noma unenkinga yokuhamba.