Ingabe ngisengozini yeCOPD?

-Delile

• Ukubhema
• Ukungcoliswa komoya
• Izintuli zomsebenzi namakhemikhali
• Izakhi zofuzo
• Ubudala
• Ukudla okudlela endlini
• Q:
• A:

I-COPD: Ngisengozini?

Ngokusho kweCenters of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), isifo esingamahlalakhona sokuphefumula, ikakhulu isifo esingelapheki sokuvimbela amaphaphu (COPD), siyimbangela yesithathu yokufa kwabantu e-United States. Lesi sifo sibulala abantu emhlabeni wonke unyaka nonyaka. Cishe abantu base-United States balaliswa ezibhedlela unyaka nonyaka ngenxa yeCOPD.

I-COPD ikhula kancane futhi ivame ukuba yimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ezigabeni zokuqala, umuntu one-COPD kungenzeka angabi nazimpawu. Ukuvimbela nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungasiza ekuvikeleni ukulimala okukhulu kwamaphaphu, izinkinga zokuphefumula, kanye nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo.

Isinyathelo sokuqala ukubona izingcuphe zakho zokuthuthukisa lesi sifo.

Ukubhema

Isici esiyinhloko sengozi yeCOPD ukubhema. Kubangela kufinyelela kumaphesenti angama-90 okufa kweCOPD, ngokusho kweAmerican Lung Association (ALA). Abantu ababhemayo kungenzeka ukuthi babulawe yi-COPD kunalabo abangakaze babheme.

Ukuvezwa intuthu kagwayi isikhathi eside kuyingozi. Uma uqhubeka ubhema futhi uma ubhema amaphakethe amaningi, iba nkulu ingozi yokuba nesifo. Ababhema amapayipi nababhema ugwayi nabo basengozini.

Ukuvezwa intuthu kagwayi nakho kwandisa ingozi yakho. Intuthu kagwayi efaka intuthu kagwayi ihlanganisa kokubili intuthu ebangelwa ugwayi ovuthayo nentuthu ekhishwa yilowo obhemayo.

Ukungcoliswa komoya

Ukubhema kuyisici esiyinhloko sengozi ye-COPD, kodwa akuyona kuphela. Ukungcola kwangaphakathi nangaphandle kungadala isimo lapho ukuvezwa kukhulu noma kuthatha isikhathi eside. Ukungcoliswa komoya kwangaphakathi kufaka phakathi izinto ezivela entuthwini kaphethiloli oqinile osetshenziselwa ukupheka nokushisa. Izibonelo zifaka izitofu zokhuni ezingenawo umoya, ukushisa okushisayo noma amalahle, noma ukupheka ngomlilo.

Ukuchayeka ekungcolisweni kwemvelo kungenye ingozi. Ikhwalithi yomoya yasendlini ibamba iqhaza ekuqhubekeni kweCOPD emazweni asathuthuka. Kepha ukungcoliswa komoya emadolobheni okufana nokungcola kwezimoto okuhambisana nomlilo kubeka engcupheni enkulu yezempilo emhlabeni jikelele.

Izintuli zomsebenzi namakhemikhali

Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside othulini lwezimboni, amakhemikhali, kanye namagesi kungacasula futhi kuvuthe imigwaqo yomoya namaphaphu. Lokhu kwandisa ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa i-COPD. Abantu abadalulwe ngothuli nemiphunga yamakhemikhali, njengabavukuzi bamalahle, abaphatha okusanhlamvu, nababunji bensimbi, banethuba elikhulu lokuthuthukisa i-COPD. Oyedwa e-United States uthole ukuthi ingxenyenamba yeCOPD ebhekiswe emsebenzini ilinganiselwa kumaphesenti ayi-19.2 isiyonke, namaphesenti angama-31.1 kulabo abangakaze babheme.

Izakhi zofuzo

Ezimweni ezingavamile, izici zofuzo zidala abantu abangakaze babheme noma babe nokuchayeka kwezinhlayiyana zesikhathi eside ukuthuthukisa i-COPD. Isifo sofuzo siholela ekushodeni kweprotheni alpha 1 (α_{1) –}i-antitrypsin (AAT).

Abantu baseMelika abalinganiselwa banokushoda kwe-AAT. Kepha bambalwa abantu abakwaziyo. Ngenkathi ukuntuleka kwe-AAT kungukuphela kwengozi yezakhi zofuzo ekhonjwe kahle ye-COPD, abacwaningi basola ukuthi kunezinye izakhi zofuzo eziningi ezihilelekile enqubeni yesifo.

Ubudala

I-COPD ivame kakhulu kubantu okungenani abaneminyaka engama-40 abanomlando wokubhema. Isigameko sanda ngokukhula. Akukho ongakwenza ngeminyaka yakho, kepha ungathatha izinyathelo zokuhlala uphilile. Uma unezici zobungozi be-COPD, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngazo nodokotela wakho.

Ukudla okudlela endlini

Khuluma nodokotela wakho nge-COPD uma ungaphezu kweminyaka engama-45, unamalungu omndeni analesi sifo, noma ungumuntu obhemayo manje noma owake wabhema. Ukutholwa kokuqala kwe-COPD kuyisihluthulelo sokwelashwa okuphumelelayo. Ukuyeka ukubhema ngokushesha okukhulu nakho kubalulekile.

Q:

Odokotela bayihlonza kanjani i-COPD?

A:

Uma udokotela esola ukuthi umuntu une-COPD, angasebenzisa izivivinyo eziningi ukuthola i-COPD. Udokotela angabheka i-radiography yesifuba ukuze afune izimpawu ze-COPD njenge-hyperinflation yamaphaphu noma ezinye izimpawu ezingafana ne-emphysema. Olunye lwezivivinyo eziwusizo kakhulu odokotela abangalusebenzisa ukuthola ukuthi i-COPD wukuhlolwa komsebenzi we-pulmonary okunje nge-spirometry. Udokotela angahlola ikhono lomuntu lokuhogela nokukhipha kahle nge-spirometry ezonquma ukuthi ngabe umuntu une-COPD nobukhulu besifo.