Ingabe Umbulali We-Roundup Weed (Glyphosate) Akulungile Kuwe?

-Delile

• Kuyini Roundup (Glyphosate)?
• I-Roundup neGlyphosate Ingahluka
• I-Roundup Ihlanganiswe Nomdlavuza
• I-Roundup Ingathinta Igciwane Lakho Lesisu
• Eminye Imiphumela Yezempilo Emibi yeRoundup neGlyphosate
• Yikuphi Ukudla Okuqukethe I-Roundup / Glyphosate?
• Ingabe Kufanele Ugweme Lokhu Kudla?

I-Roundup ingomunye wababulali bokhula abathandwa kakhulu emhlabeni.

Isetshenziswa ngabalimi nabaninikhaya ngokufanayo, emasimini, otshanini nasezivandeni.

Izifundo eziningi zithi iRoundup iphephile futhi inemvelo.

Kodwa-ke, olunye ucwaningo luye lwaluxhumanisa nezinkinga ezinkulu zezempilo njengomdlavuza.

Lo mbhalo ubheka ngokuningiliziwe i-Roundup nemiphumela yayo yezempilo.

Kuyini Roundup (Glyphosate)?

I-Roundup i-herbicide ethandwa kakhulu, noma i-killer killer. Ikhiqizwa yi-biotech giant Monsanto, futhi yaqala ukwethulwa yibo ngo-1974.

Lo mbulali wokhula uvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwezolimo. Iphinde isetshenziswe imboni yamahlathi, amadolobha kanye nabanini bemizi abazimele.

Isithako esiyinhloko ku-Roundup yi-glyphosate, ikhompiyutha enesakhiwo samangqamuzana esifana ne-amino acid glycine. IGlyphosate nayo iyasetshenziswa kweminye imithi eminingi yokubulala ukhula.

I-Roundup i-herbicide engakhethi, okusho ukuthi izobulala izitshalo eziningi ezihlangana nazo.

Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kukhuphuke kakhulu ngemuva kokulungiswa kwezakhi zofuzo, izilimo ze-glyphosate-resistant ("Roundup ready") zakhiwe, njengobhontshisi, ummbila ne-canola ().

IGlyphosate ibulala izitshalo ngokuvimbela indlela ye-metabolic ebizwa ngokuthi i-shikimate pathway. Le ndlela ibaluleke kakhulu ezitshalweni nakwezinye izinto ezincane, kepha ayikho kubantu (,).

Kodwa-ke, uhlelo lokugaya lomuntu lunezinto ezincane ezisebenzisa le ndlela.

URoundup ungumbulali wokhula odumile. Isithako esisebenzayo, i-glyphosate, siyatholakala nakweminye imithi eminingi yokubulala ukhula. Ibulala izitshalo ngokuphazamisa indlela ethile yokwakheka komzimba.

I-Roundup neGlyphosate Ingahluka

I-Roundup yisihloko esiphikisana kakhulu kulezi zinsuku. Olunye ucwaningo luthi isithako esisebenzayo, i-glyphosate, kungenzeka sengeze ingozi yezifo eziningi (,).

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sekuyisikhathi eside i-Roundup ibhekwa njengemithi yokubulala ukhula ephephe kunazo zonke etholakala emakethe ().

Noma kunjalo, i-Roundup iqukethe okungaphezu nje kwe-glyphosate. Iqukethe nezinye izithako eziningi, ezisiza ukuyenza ibe ngumbulali onamandla wokhula. Ezinye zalezi zithako zingaze zigcinwe ziyimfihlo ngumenzi futhi zibizwe ngama-inert ().

Ucwaningo oluningi luye lwathola ukuthi i-Roundup inobuthi obukhulu kakhulu kumaseli abantu kune-glyphosate (,,,,).

Ngakho-ke, izifundo ezibonisa ukuphepha kwe-glyphosate ehlukanisiwe kungenzeka zingasebenzi kuyo yonke ingxube ye-Roundup, eyinhlanganisela yamakhemikhali amaningi.

I-Roundup ixhunyaniswe nezifo eziningi, kepha isabhekwa njenge-herbicide ephephile yizinhlangano eziningi. Iqukethe ezinye izithako eziningi ezingaba nobuthi obukhulu kune-glyphosate iyodwa.

I-Roundup Ihlanganiswe Nomdlavuza

Ngo-2015, iWorld Health Organisation (WHO) yamemezela i-glyphosate njenge- “mhlawumbe i-carcinogenic kubantu” ().

Kalula nje, lokhu kusho ukuthi i-glyphosate inamandla okudala umdlavuza. Le nhlangano isekele isiphetho sayo ezifundweni zokubuka, izifundo zezilwane kanye nezifundo zokuhlola amashubhu.

Ngenkathi izifundo zamagundane nezamagundane zixhumanisa i-glyphosate nezicubu, kunobufakazi obunqunyelwe bomuntu obutholakalayo (,).

Izifundo ezitholakala ikakhulu zifaka abalimi nabantu abasebenza nomuthi wokubulala ukhula.

Okumbalwa kwalokhu kuxhumanisa i-glyphosate ne-non-Hodgkin lymphoma, umdlavuza ovela kumaseli amhlophe egazi abizwa ngama-lymphocyte, ayingxenye yesistimu yomzimba (,,).

Kodwa-ke, ezinye izifundo eziningana azitholanga ukuxhumana. Ucwaningo olulodwa olukhulu lwabalimi abangaphezu kwama-57,000 alutholanga ukuxhumana phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwe-glyphosate ne-lymphoma ().

Ukubuyekezwa okubili kwakamuva akuphindanga kwathola ukuhlangana phakathi kwe-glyphosate nomdlavuza, yize kufanele kushiwo ukuthi abanye babalobi banezibopho zezezimali neMonsanto (,).

Ukuvuselelwa kwakamuva ngalolu daba kuvela ku-European Union Food Safety Authority (EFSA), ephethe ngokuthi i-glyphosate ayinakubangela ukulimala kwe-DNA noma umdlavuza (21).

Kodwa-ke, i-EFSA ibheke izifundo ze-glyphosate kuphela, kuyilapho i-WHO ibheka izifundo kuzo zombili i-glyphosate ehlukile nemikhiqizo equkethe i-glyphosate njengesithako, njenge-Roundup.

Ezinye izifundo zixhumanise i-glyphosate nomdlavuza othile, kanti ezinye azitholanga ukuxhumana. Imiphumela ye-glyphosate ehlukanisiwe ingahluka kumikhiqizo equkethe i-glyphosate njengesinye sezithako eziningi.

I-Roundup Ingathinta Igciwane Lakho Lesisu

Kunamakhulu ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamagciwane emathunjini akho, iningi lawo okungama-bacteria ().

Amanye awo amabhaktheriya anobungani, futhi abaluleke ngendlela emangalisayo empilweni yakho ().

I-Roundup ingawathinta kabi la mabhaktheriya. Ibhloka umgwaqo obukeka kahle, obalulekile kuzo zombili izitshalo kanye nezilwanyana ezincane ().

Ezifundweni zezilwane, i-glyphosate nayo itholakele ukuthi iphazamise ama-bacteria asizayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amagciwane ayingozi abonakala emelana kakhulu ne-glyphosate (,).

I-athikili eyodwa ethole ukunakwa okuningi kwi-inthanethi yaze yafaka nombono wokuthi i-glyphosate eRoundup inecala lokwanda kokuzwela kwe-gluten nesifo se-celiac emhlabeni jikelele).

Kodwa-ke, lokhu kudinga ukutadishwa okuningi ngaphambi kokuba kufinyelelwe esiphethweni.

IGlyphosate iphazamisa indlela ebaluleke kakhulu kubhaktheriya abanobungane ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla.

Eminye Imiphumela Yezempilo Emibi yeRoundup neGlyphosate

Izibuyekezo eziningi zikhona ngemiphumela yezempilo ye-Roundup neminye imikhiqizo equkethe i-glyphosate.

Kodwa-ke, babika okutholakele okungqubuzanayo.

Abanye babo bathi i-glyphosate ingaba nemiphumela emibi kwezempilo futhi ibambe iqhaza ezifweni eziningi (,,).

Abanye babika ukuthi i-glyphosate ayixhunyanisiwe nanoma yiziphi izimo zempilo ezibucayi (,,).

Lokhu kungahluka ngokuya ngesibalo sabantu. Isibonelo, abalimi nabantu abasebenza eduze nale mikhiqizo babonakala besengozini enkulu yemiphumela emibi.

Izinsalela zeGlyphosate zitholakale egazini nasemchameni wabasebenzi basepulazini, ikakhulukazi labo abangawasebenzisi amagilavu ​​().

Ucwaningo olulodwa lwabasebenzi bezolimo abasebenzisa imikhiqizo ye-glyphosate laze labika nezinkinga zokukhulelwa ().

Olunye ucwaningo luye lwaveza ukuthi i-glyphosate okungenani ingabhekana nengxenye yesifo esingapheliyo sezinso kubasebenzi basepulazini eSri Lanka ().

Le miphumela idinga ukufundwa ngokuqhubekayo. Futhi khumbula ukuthi izifundo zabalimi abasebenza eduze nomuthi wokubulala ukhula kungenzeka zingasebenzi kubantu abawutholayo ngokulandela inani lokudla.

Izifundo zibika okutholakele okuphikisanayo ngemiphumela yezempilo yeRoundup. Abalimi abasebenza eduze nombulali wokhula babonakala besengozini enkulu.

Yikuphi Ukudla Okuqukethe I-Roundup / Glyphosate?

Ukudla okuyinhloko okuqukethe i-glyphosate kuguqulwa kofuzo (GM), izitshalo ezingamelana ne-glyphosate, ezifana nommbila, ubhontshisi, i-canola, i-alfalfa noshukela ().

Ucwaningo oluthile lwakamuva luthole ukuthi wonke amasampula we-soya ayi-10 aguqulwe izakhi zofuzo ahloliwe aqukethe amazinga aphezulu ezinsalela ze-glyphosate ().

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amasampula avela kosoya ojwayelekile futhi okhuliswe ngokomzimba awanazo izinsalela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo eziningi zokhula manje sezimelana ne-glyphosate, okudala ukuthi kufuthwe i-Roundup eyengeziwe ezitshalweni ().

Izinsalela ze-Roundup ne-glyphosate zitholakala ikakhulu ezitshalweni ezishintshwe izakhi zofuzo, kufaka phakathi ummbila, isoya, i-canola, i-alfalfa noshukela.

Ingabe Kufanele Ugweme Lokhu Kudla?

Kungenzeka ukuthi uxhumane neRoundup uma uhlala noma usebenza eduze kwepulazi.

Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ukuxhumana ngqo neRoundup kungadala izingqinamba zezempilo, kufaka phakathi ingozi enkulu yokuthola umdlavuza obizwa nge-non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Uma usebenza noRoundup noma imikhiqizo efanayo, ke qiniseka ukuthi ugqoka amagilavu ​​bese uthatha ezinye izinyathelo ukunciphisa ukubonakala kwakho.

Kodwa-ke, i-glyphosate ekudleni kungenye indaba. Imiphumela yezempilo yalezi zimali ezilandelwayo kuseseyimpikiswano.

Kungenzeka ukuthi kungadala ukulimala, kepha akuboniswanga ngokuphelele ocwaningweni.