URubella ekukhulelweni: kuyini, izinkinga ezingaba khona kanye nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa
• Imiphumela engaba khona ye-rubella
• Ungasho kanjani ukuthi ngabe ingane yakho ithintekile
• Yelashwa kanjani

I-Rubella yisifo esivame kakhulu ebuntwaneni ukuthi, lapho senzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, singadala ukungahleleki enganeni okufana ne-microcephaly, ukungezwa noma izinguquko emehlweni. Ngakho-ke, inhloso ukuthi owesifazane athole umuthi wokugomela omelene nesifo ngaphambi kokukhulelwa.

Umuthi wokugomela i-rubella uvame ukuthathwa ebuntwaneni, kepha abesifazane abangawutholi umuthi wokugoma noma umthamo wabo wokukhuthaza kufanele bagonywe ngaphambi kokukhulelwa. Ngemuva kokuthatha umuthi wokugoma owesifazane kufanele alinde okungenani inyanga eyodwa ukuze aqale ukuzama ukukhulelwa. Funda kabanzi ngomuthi wokugoma we-rubella.

I-Rubella yisifo esithathelwanayo esibangelwa igciwane lohlobo I-Rubivirus, okuvame ukudluliswa ngezimfihlo ezifana namathe, koxhumana nabo abaseduze nokuqabulana. Imvamisa izingane kanye nabantu abadala yibo abatheleleke kakhulu, okwandisa amathuba okuthola lesi sifo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu zeRubella ekukhulelweni ziyefana nalezo ezikhonjiswa yinoma ngubani oba nesifo:

• Ikhanda;
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha;
• Umkhuhlane ophansi uze ufike ku-38ºC;
• Ukukhwehlela nge-phlegm;
• Ubuhlungu obuhlangene;
• I-lymph evuvukile noma i-ganglia, ikakhulukazi eduze kwentamo;
• Amabala amancane abomvu ebusweni abese esabalala emzimbeni wonke bese ehlala cishe izinsuku ezintathu.

Izimpawu zingathatha izinsuku ezingama-21 ukuthi zivele, kepha ukudluliswa kwegciwane kungenzeka ezinsukwini eziyi-7 ngaphambi kokuqala kwezimpawu kuze kube yizinsuku eziyi-7 ngemuva kokuvela kwamabala abomvu esikhunjeni.

Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa

Kwezinye izimo, i-rubella ingahle ingabi nazimpawu futhi, ngakho-ke, ukuxilongwa kwayo kungaqinisekiswa kuphela ngokuba khona kwama-immunoglobulin. IgM noma i-IgG ekuhlolweni kwegazi.

Imiphumela engaba khona ye-rubella

Imiphumela ye-rubella ekukhulelweni ihlobene ne-rubella yokuzalwa, engaholela ekukhipheni isisu noma kokukhubazeka okungathi sína kwe-fetus okufana nalokhu:

• Izithulu;
• Izinguquko zamehlo ezifana nobumpumputhe, i-cataract, i-microphthalmia, i-glaucoma ne-retinopathy;
• Izinkinga zenhliziyo ezinjenge-pulmonary artery stenosis, i-ventricular septal defect, i-myocarditis
• Ukulimala kwesistimu efana ne-meningitis engapheli, i-vasculitis ne-calcification
• Ukuwohloka kwengqondo;
• I-Microcephaly;
• Okuphephuli;
• I-hemolytic anemia;
• Meningoencephalitis;
• Izinkinga zesibindi ezifana ne-fibrosis nokuguqulwa kweseli elikhulu lesibindi.

Lezi zinguquko zingenzeka lapho owesifazane ene-rubella ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma lapho ethola umuthi wokugomela i-rubella ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ingozi yokudluliselwa kwe-rubella enganeni inkulu esikhathini sokuqala sokukhulelwa futhi uma lokhu kwenzeka ingane kufanele izalwe nge-rubella yokuzalwa. Funda konke mayelana ne-rubella yokuzalwa.

Izinkinga ezinkulu ziyabonakala lapho ingane ithinteka ku-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa. Imvamisa, izinguquko embungwini ziyabonakala ezivivinyweni ezenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nangemva nje kokuzalwa, kepha ezinye izinguquko zingatholakala kuphela eminyakeni yokuqala emi-4 yempilo yengane. Ezinye zalezi zimpawu ezingatholakala kamuva yisifo sikashukela, i-panencephalitis ne-autism.

Bona ngendlela elula ukuthi yini i-microcephaly nokuthi ungayinakekela kanjani ingane enale nkinga ngokubuka ividiyo elandelayo:

Ungasho kanjani ukuthi ngabe ingane yakho ithintekile

Ukuthola ukuthi ngabe ingane ithintekile yini yigciwane le-rubella lapho umama wayo atheleleka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma uma umama athola umuthi wokugomela i-rubella ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukunakekelwa ngaphambi kokubeletha kanye nakho konke ukuhlolwa okudingekayo ukuhlola ukukhula kwezingane kufanele kwenziwe. nezicubu.

I-morphological ultrasound, evame ukwenziwa phakathi kwamaviki awu-18 kuya kwangu-22 okukhulelwa, ingakhombisa ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini ukungalungi kwenhliziyo noma ukulimala kobuchopho, noma kunjalo, ezinye izinguquko zingabonakala kuphela ngemuva kokuzalwa, njengesithulu, isibonelo.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-rubella yokuzalwa kungenziwa ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okukhomba ukuthi ama-antibodies e-IgM akhombisa ukuthi unalo i-rubivirus kuze kube unyaka owodwa ngemuva kokuzalwa. Lolu shintsho lungabonakala kuphela ngemuva kwenyanga yokuzalwa eyi-1 ngakho-ke, uma kunokusola, ukuhlolwa kufanele kuphindwe ngemuva kwalolu suku.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-Rubella ekukhulelweni kuqukethe ukulawula izimpawu owesifazane azizwayo ngoba alukho umuthi othize ongelapha i-rubella. Imvamisa, ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngemithi yokulawula imfiva nokunciphisa izinhlungu, njenge-paracetamol, ehambisana nokuphumula nokudla uketshezi kowesifazane okhulelwe.

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvikela ukuthi kube nokugoma kathathu kwegciwane lesimungumungwane, umqubuko kanye ne-rubella okungenani inyanga eyodwa ngaphambi kokukhulelwa. Kufanele futhi ugweme ukuba phakathi kwabantu abadlulisa lesi sifo noma izingane ezitheleleke nge-rubella.