Ungayivimbela Kanjani i-HIV Kwabesilisa Abalala Nabesilisa: Ukusebenzisa Amakhondomu, Ukuhlola, Nokuningi

-Delile

• Ukwaziswa
• I-HIV
• Ezinye izifo zocansi
• Hlola
• Thatha izinyathelo zokuzivikela
• Sebenzisa amakhondomu nezinto zokuthambisa
• Qonda ubungozi ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zocansi
• Goma
• Gwema izimo ezithile zomphakathi
• Yazi isimo sozakwethu
• Ukuthatha

Ukuvimbela i-HIV

Ukwazi izingozi ezihambisana nokuya ocansini nokukhetha izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuvimbela kubalulekile njalo. Ingozi yokuthola igciwane lesandulela ngculaza nezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STI) inkulu kwabesilisa abalala nabesilisa kunabanye abantu.

Ingcuphe yokuthola igciwane lesandulela ngculaza kanye nezinye izifo ezithathelana ngokocansi iyancipha ngokwaziswa, ukuhlolwa njalo, nokuthatha izinyathelo zokuzivikela kocansi, njengokusebenzisa amakhondomu.

Ukwaziswa

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ubungozi bokuzibandakanya kwezocansi namanye amadoda ukuvikela ekutholeni i-HIV.

Ngenxa yokwanda kwegciwane lesandulela ngculaza phakathi kwabesilisa abalala nabesilisa, maningi amathuba okuthi la madoda azohlangana nomlingani one-HIV uma kuqhathaniswa nabanye abantu. Noma kunjalo, ukudluliswa kwegciwane lesandulela ngculaza kungenzeka ngaphandle kobulili.

I-HIV

Ngokusho kwalokhu, amaphesenti angama-70 okutheleleka nge-HIV okusha e-United States kwenzeka phakathi kwamadoda alala nabesilisa. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke lawa madoda abona ukuthi bathole leli gciwane - i-CDC ithi oyedwa kwabayisithupha akazi lutho.

I-HIV yisimo sempilo esingalapheki esingadluliselwa ngomsebenzi wezocansi noma ngezinaliti ezabiwe. Amadoda asebudlelwaneni bezocansi namanye amadoda angachayeka kwi-HIV ngokusebenzisa:

• igazi
• isidoda
• uketshezi lwangaphambi kwesidoda
• uketshezi olungunxande

Ukuchayeka ku-HIV kwenzeka lapho uthintana noketshezi oluseduze nolwelwesi lwamafinyila. Lezi zitholakala ngaphakathi kwe-rectum, ipipi, nomlomo.

Abantu abaphila negciwane lesandulela ngculaza bangakwazi ukuphatha isimo sabo ngemishanguzo yokudambisa igciwane ethathwa nsuku zonke. kukhombisile ukuthi umuntu onamathela ekwelashweni ngezidambisigciwane wehlisa igciwane emazingeni angabonakali egazini lakhe, ngakho-ke akakwazi ukudlulisela i-HIV kumlingani wakhe ngesikhathi socansi.

Abantu abanomlingani one-HIV bangakhetha ukusebenzisa imishanguzo efana ne-pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) ukunciphisa amathuba abo okuthola igciwane. Lo muthi ubuye unconyelwe labo abake benza ucansi olungenakhondomu noma abane-STI ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ezedlule. I-PrEP kufanele ithathwe nsuku zonke ukuze isebenze kahle.

Kukhona nemithi ephuthumayo umuntu angayiphuza uma echayeka kwi-HIV - isibonelo, uhlangabezane nokungasebenzi kwekhondomu noma wabelane ngenaliti nomuntu one-HIV. Lo muthi waziwa njenge-post-exposure prophylaxis, noma i-PEP. I-PEP kufanele iqalwe kungakapheli amahora angama-72 wokuchayeka. Lo muthi uyefana nokwelashwa ngezidambisigciwane, ngakho-ke kufanele uthathwe ngendlela efanayo, kungaba kanye noma kabili ngosuku.

Ezinye izifo zocansi

Ngaphezu kwegciwane lesandulela ngculaza, ezinye izifo zocansi zingadluliselwa phakathi kwabalingani ocansini ngokuya ocansini noma ngokuthintana kwesikhumba ezizungeze izitho zangasese. Kokubili isidoda negazi nakho kungadlulisa izifo zocansi.

Kunama-STI amaningi, onke anezici ezahlukahlukene. Izimpawu kungenzeka zingabi khona ngaso sonke isikhathi, okwenza kube nzima ukwazi ukuthi umuntu usengenwe nini yi-STI.

Ama-STI afaka phakathi:

• chlamydia
• gonorrhea
• i-herpes
• i-hepatitis B ne-hepatitis C
• i-human papillomavirus (HPV)
• ugcunsula

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzoxoxa ngenkambo engcono yokwelapha i-STI. Ukuphatha i-STI kuyehluka kuye ngesimo. Ukuba ne-STI engalashwa kungabeka umuntu engcupheni enkulu yokuthola i-HIV.

Hlola

Kubalulekile kwabesilisa abaya ocansini namanye amadoda ukuthi bahlolwe kaningi i-HIV nezinye izifo zocansi. Lokhu kuzobasiza ukuthi bagcine impilo yabo futhi bagweme ukudlulisa noma yiziphi zalezi zimo kumlingani ocansini.

Iziphakamiso zincoma ukuhlolelwa i-STI njalo futhi okungenani kanye ngonyaka nge-HIV. Inhlangano iphinde ikhuthaze noma ngubani ohlanganyela ezenzweni zocansi engcupheni yokuchayeka ukuze ahlolwe kaningi.

Ukwelashwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokutholakala ukuthi unanoma iyiphi i-STI kungavimbela noma kunciphise ubungozi bokuyidlulisela kwabanye.

Thatha izinyathelo zokuzivikela

Ulwazi nge-HIV lungasiza ekuqondiseni ukukhetha kwezocansi, kodwa futhi kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuzivikela ukugwema ukuthola i-HIV noma enye i-STI ngesikhathi socansi.

Izindlela zokuzivikela zifaka:

• ukugqoka amakhondomu nokusebenzisa izinto zokuthambisa
• ukuqonda ubungozi ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zocansi
• ukuvikela kuma-STI athile ngokugoma
• ukugwema izimo ezingaholela ekukhetheni okubi kwezocansi
• ukwazi isimo sozakwethu
• ukuthatha i-PrEP

I-PrEP manje inconywa yi-US Preventive Services Task Force kubo bonke abantu abasengozini enkulu ye-HIV.

Sebenzisa amakhondomu nezinto zokuthambisa

Amakhondomu nezithambisi kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukudluliswa kwe-HIV.

Amakhondomu asiza ukuvimbela ukudluliswa kwegciwane lesandulela ngculaza kanye nezinye izifo zocansi ngokuvimbela ukushintshana kwamanzi oketshezi noma ukuxhumana kwesikhumba nesikhumba. Amakhondomu enziwe ngezinto zokwenziwa ezifana ne-latex athembekile kakhulu. Amanye amakhondomu okwenziwa ayatholakala kulabo abanezinkinga ze-latex.

Izinto zokuthambisa zivimbela amakhondomu ekuqhekekeni noma ekusebenzeni kabi. Sebenzisa kuphela izinto zokugcoba ezenziwe ngamanzi noma nge-silicone. Ukusebenzisa i-Vaseline, i-lotion, noma ezinye izinto ezenziwe ngamafutha njengezinto zokugcoba kungaholela ekuqhekekeni kwekhondomu. Gwema izinto zokugcoba nge-nonoxynol-9. Lesi sithako singacasula i-anus futhi sandise amathuba okuthola i-HIV.

Qonda ubungozi ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zocansi

Ukwazi ubungozi ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zocansi kubaluleke kakhulu kulabo abathintekayo ekutholeni i-HIV. Khumbula ukuthi amanye ama-STI angadluliselwa ngezinhlobo eziningi zocansi, kufaka phakathi ucansi lwendunu nolomlomo nezinye ezingabandakanyi uketshezi lomzimba.

Kubantu abangenayo i-HIV, ukuba phezulu (umlingani ofakayo) ngesikhathi socansi lwendunu kunganciphisa amathuba okuthola i-HIV. Kunobungozi obuncane bokudlulisa i-HIV ngocansi lomlomo, kodwa lokhu akusebenzi kwezinye izifo zocansi. Yize i-HIV ingenakudluliselwa ezenzweni zocansi ezingabandakanyi uketshezi lomzimba, ezinye izifo zocansi ezithathelanayo zingakwazi.

Goma

Ukuthola imigomo yokulwa nezifo zocansi njenge-hepatitis A no-B ne-HPV nakho kuyindlela yokuvimbela. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wezempilo ngale mithi yokugoma. Ukugonyelwa i-HPV kuyatholakala kwabesilisa abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-26, noma ngabe amanye amaqembu ancoma ukugoma kuze kufike eminyakeni engama-40.

Gwema izimo ezithile zomphakathi

Kubalulekile ukugwema izimo ezithile zomphakathi, noma okungenani uqaphele ikakhulukazi. Ukudakwa ukuphuza utshwala noma ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa kungaholela ekwenzeni izinqumo ezingezinhle zocansi.

Yazi isimo sozakwethu

Abantu abazi isimo somlingani wabo bangehlisa amathuba abo okuthola i-HIV noma amanye ama-STI. Ukuhlolwa ngaphambi kokuya ocansini nakho kungasiza kulokhu. Amakhithi wokuhlola ekhaya ayindlela enhle yokuthola imiphumela esheshayo.

Ukuthatha

Abesilisa abalala nabesilisa basengozini enkulu yokuthola i-HIV, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi bazi izingozi zokwenza ucansi ezingafaki izindlela zokuvimbela ukudluliswa kwe-HIV. Ukuhlola njalo izifo ezithathelana ngokocansi kanye nezindlela zokuzivikela ngesikhathi socansi nakho kungasiza ekugcineni impilo yezocansi.