Ungayisingatha Kanjani Inkinga Yesifo Sickle

-Delile

• Yini inkinga yenkinga yeseli?
• Yini ebangela inkinga yenkinga yeseli?
• Yelashwa kanjani inkinga yeseli yesikela?
• Ukwelashwa kwasekhaya
• Ukwelashwa
• Ngazi kanjani ukuthi ngiyobona nini udokotela?
• Ngabe izinkinga zeseli lesikela zingavikeleka?
• Okubalulekile

Yini inkinga yenkinga yeseli?

Isifo se-Sickle cell (SCD) yisifo esibomvu esizuzwe njengefa (RBC). Kungumphumela wokuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo odala ama-RBC angalungile.

I-SCD ithola igama layo kusukela ekwakhekeni kwama-RBCs, okufana nethuluzi lepulazi elibizwa ngokuthi isikela. Imvamisa, ama-RBC abunjwe njengama-disc.

Ama-RBCs athutha umoya-mpilo ezithweni nasemzimbeni wakho. I-SCD yenza kube nzima ngama-RBC ukuthwala umoya-mpilo owenele. Amaseli agulayo nawo angabanjwa emithanjeni yakho yegazi, okuvimbela ukuhamba kwegazi ezithweni zakho. Lokhu kungadala isimo esibuhlungu esaziwa njenge-sickle cell crisis.

Ubuhlungu obuvela enkingeni yeseli yesikela buvame ukuzwakala ku:

• isifuba
• izingalo
• imilenze
• iminwe
• izinzwane

Inkinga yeseli yesikela ingaqala ngokuzumayo futhi ihlale izinsuku. Ubuhlungu obuvela enkingeni enkulu bungaphikelela amasonto kuya ezinyangeni.

Ngaphandle kokwelashwa okufanele, inkinga yeseli lesikela ingaholela ezinkingeni ezingaba yingozi, kufaka phakathi ukulimala komzimba nokulahleka kombono.

Yini ebangela inkinga yenkinga yeseli?

Ochwepheshe abaziqondi ngokugcwele izizathu ezibangela inkinga yenkinga yeseli. Kepha bayazi ukuthi kufaka ukuxhumana okuxakile phakathi kwama-RBCs, i-endothelium (amaseli afaka imithambo yegazi), amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, nama-platelets. Lezi zinkinga zivame ukwenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo.

Ubuhlungu benzeka lapho amaseli aguliswayo enamathela emthanjeni wegazi, evimba ukuhamba kwegazi. Lokhu kwesinye isikhathi kubizwa ngokuthi yi-sickling.

Ukugula kungadalwa yizimo ezihambisana namazinga aphansi e-oksijini, ukwanda kwe-asidi yegazi, noma ivolumu ephansi yegazi.

Izimbangela ezivamile zokubangela inkinga yesikela zifaka:

• ukushintsha okungazelelwe kokushisa, okungenza imithambo yegazi ibe mincane
• ukuvivinya umzimba kanzima noma ngokweqile, ngenxa yokushoda komoya-mpilo
• ukoma, ngenxa yevolumu yegazi ephansi
• izifo
• ukucindezeleka
• ukuphakama okuphezulu, ngenxa yokugxila kwe-oxygen ephansi emoyeni
• utshwala
• ukubhema
• ukukhulelwa
• ezinye izimo zezokwelapha, njengesifo sikashukela

Akukwazi njalo ukwazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangele inkinga ethile yamaseli erhengqa. Izikhathi eziningi, kunezimbangela ezingaphezu kwesisodwa.

Yelashwa kanjani inkinga yeseli yesikela?

Akuzona zonke izinkinga zeseli lesikela ezidinga uhambo oluya kudokotela. Kodwa uma ukwelashwa kwasekhaya kungabonakali kusebenza, kubalulekile ukulandela udokotela ukugwema noma yiziphi ezinye izinkinga.

Ukwelashwa kwasekhaya

Ezinye izinkinga zeseli lesikela zingalawuleka ngokudambisa izinhlungu okungaphezulu kwekhawunta, njenge:

• i-acetaminophen (iTylenol)
• i-aspirin
• ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)
• i-naproxen sodium (i-Aleve)

Ezinye izindlela zokuphatha ubuhlungu obuncane ekhaya zifaka:

• amapayipi wokushisa
• ukuphuza amanzi amaningi
• okugeza okufudumele
• ukuphumula
• ukubhucungwa umzimba

Ukwelashwa

Uma unezinhlungu ezinzima noma ukwelashwa kwasekhaya kungasebenzi, bonana nodokotela ngokushesha okukhulu. Kungenzeka baqale ngokuhlola noma iziphi izimpawu zokutheleleka okuyisisekelo noma ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi okungenzeka kubangele inkinga.

Okulandelayo, bazokubuza imibuzo ethile ukuthola umbono ongcono wezinga lakho lobuhlungu. Ngokuya ngezinga lakho lobuhlungu, kungenzeka bakunikeze umuthi othile wokusiza.

Izinketho zobuhlungu obuphakathi kuya kokuphakathi zifaka:

• izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID), njenge-ibuprofen
• i-codeine, iyodwa noma ihlanganiswe ne-acetaminophen (iTylenol)
• i-oxycodone (i-Oxaydo, i-Roxicodone, i-OxyContin)

Izinketho zobuhlungu obunzima kakhulu zifaka:

• i-morphine (i-Duramorph)
• i-hydromorphone (iDilaudid, Exalgo)
• i-meperidine (Demerol)

Ngokuya ngezimpawu zakho, udokotela wakho angakunika futhi uketshezi olufakwa emithanjeni. Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, ungadinga ukumpontshelwa igazi.

Ngazi kanjani ukuthi ngiyobona nini udokotela?

Inkinga yeseli yesikela kufanele ilashwe ngokushesha ukugwema izingqinamba zesikhathi eside. Kubalulekile ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi uyazi ukuthi ungabiza bani nokuthi uye kuphi ukuze uthole ukwelashwa ngoba inkinga yeseli yesikela ingafika ngokuzumayo.

Ngaphambi kokuba ube nenkinga yezinhlungu, khuluma nodokotela wakho ojwayelekile ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi imininingwane ekwirekhodi lakho lezokwelapha (EMR) iyabuyekezwa. Gcina ikhophi ephrintiwe yohlelo lwakho lokulawulwa kobuhlungu nohlu lwayo yonke imithi yakho ozohamba nayo uye esibhedlela.

Kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelashwa khona manjalo uma une-SCD kanye nezinye zalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:

• ubuhlungu obungachazeki, obukhulu emhlane, emadolweni, emilenzeni, ezingalweni, esifubeni noma esiswini
• umkhuhlane ongaphezu kuka-101 ° F (38 ° C)
• ubuhlungu obukhulu obungachazeki
• isiyezi
• intamo elukhuni
• ukuphefumula kanzima
• ikhanda elibi kakhulu
• isikhumba noma izindebe eziphaphathekile
• ukwakhiwa okubuhlungu okuhlala ngaphezu kwamahora amane
• ubuthakathaka kolunye noma zombili izinhlangothi zomzimba
• ukushintsha kombono kungazelelwe
• ukudideka noma ukukhuluma okungaqondakali
• ukuvuvukala okungazelelwe esiswini, ezandleni, noma ezinyaweni
• umbala ophuzi esikhunjeni noma kumhlophe kwamehlo
• ukudlikiza

Uma uvakashela umnyango ophuthumayo, qiniseka ukwenza okulandelayo:

• Yazisa abasebenzi ngokushesha ukuthi une-SCD.
• Nikeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha nohlu lwayo yonke imithi oyiphuzayo.
• Cela umhlengikazi noma udokotela ukuthi abheke i-EMR yakho.
• Nikeza abasebenzi imininingwane yakho yokuxhumana kadokotela ejwayelekile.

Ngabe izinkinga zeseli lesikela zingavikeleka?

Angeke uvikele njalo inkinga yenkinga yesikela, kepha izinguquko ezithile zendlela yokuphila zingasiza ukunciphisa ubungozi bakho.

Nazi ezinye izindlela zokusiza ukwehlisa ubungozi bokuba nenkinga yeseli yesikela:

• Thatha yonke imithi enconywe ngudokotela wakho.
• Zama ukuphuza izingilazi zamanzi ezingaba yishumi ngosuku, engeza ngaphezulu uma kushisa noma ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca umzimba.
• Namathela ekusebenziseni okulula noma okulinganiselayo, ugweme noma yini ekhandlayo noma eyeqisayo.
• Gqoka ngokufudumele lapho kubanda, bese uphatha ungqimba olwengeziwe uma kwenzeka kwenzeka kanjalo.
• Nciphisa isikhathi esichithwa ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu.
• Gwema ukukhuphuka kwentaba noma ukundiza egumbini elingafakwanga amandla (izindiza ezingezona ezentengiso) ngaphezulu kwamamitha ayi-10 000.
• Geza izandla zakho kaningi ukugwema ukutheleleka.
• Thola yonke imigomo enconywayo, kufaka phakathi ukugoma komkhuhlane.
• Thatha isithasiselo se-folic acid, esidinga umongo wethambo lakho ukwenza ama-RBC amasha.
• Nakekela futhi uphathe ukucindezeleka.
• Gwema ukubhema.

Okubalulekile

Inkinga yeseli yesikela ingaba buhlungu kakhulu. Ngenkathi ubuhlungu obuncane bungelashwa ekhaya, ubuhlungu obukhulu kakhulu kuyisibonakaliso okufanele ubone udokotela. Uma ingalashwa, inkinga ebucayi yeseli lesikela inganciphisa izitho, njengezinso, isibindi, amaphaphu, nobende, egazini nomoya-mpilo.