Izifo Ezigulisa Iseli

-Delile

• Isifinyezo
• Siyini isifo se-sickle cell (SCD)?
• Yini ebangela i-sickle cell disease (SCD)?
• Ubani osengozini yesifo se-sickle cell (SCD)?
• Ziyini izimpawu zesifo se-sickle cell (SCD)?
• Sitholakala kanjani isifo se-sickle cell disease (SCD)?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-sickle cell disease (SCD)?

Isifinyezo

Siyini isifo se-sickle cell (SCD)?

Isifo se-Sickle cell (SCD) siyiqembu lezinkinga ezibomvu ezizuzwe njengefa. Uma une-SCD, kunenkinga nge-hemoglobin yakho. IHemoglobin yiprotheni enamaseli abomvu egazi athwala umoya-mpilo emzimbeni wonke. Nge-SCD, i-hemoglobin yakha izinduku eziqinile ngaphakathi kwamaseli abomvu egazi. Lokhu kuguqula ukwakheka kwamaseli abomvu egazi. Amaseli kufanele abe njenge-disc, kepha lokhu kuwashintsha abe umumo wocezwana, noma isikela.

Amaseli amise okwesikela awanakuguquguquka futhi awakwazi ukushintsha ukuma kalula. Eziningi zazo ziyaqhekeka lapho zihamba emithanjeni yakho yegazi. Amaseli amasikela ngokuvamile ahlala ezinsukwini eziyi-10 kuya kwezingama-20, esikhundleni sezinsuku ezijwayelekile ezingama-90 kuye kwezingu-120. Umzimba wakho ungaba nenkinga yokwenza amaseli amasha anele ukuthatha indawo yalawo olahlekile. Ngenxa yalokhu, ungahle ungabi namaseli abomvu ngokwanele. Lesi yisimo esibizwa nge-anemia, futhi singakwenza uzizwe ukhathele.

Amaseli amise okwesikela nawo anganamathela ezindongeni zemikhumbi, kubangele ukuvimba okunciphisa noma okumise ukuhamba kwegazi. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, umoya-mpilo awukwazi ukufinyelela ezicutshini eziseduze. Ukushoda komoya-mpilo kungadala ukuhlaselwa kobuhlungu obungazelelwe, obunzima, obubizwa ngezinhlungu. Lokhu kuhlasela kungenzeka ngaphandle kwesixwayiso. Uma uthola eyodwa, kungadingeka ukuthi uye esibhedlela ukuze uthole ukwelashwa.

Yini ebangela i-sickle cell disease (SCD)?

Isizathu se-SCD yisakhi sofuzo esinesici, esibizwa ngokuthi isikela yesakhi sofuzo. Abantu abanalesi sifo bazalwa benezakhi zofuzo zeseli ezimbili, eyodwa evela kumzali ngamunye.

Uma uzalwa unofuzo lweseli elilodwa lesikela, ibizwa ngokuthi isikela yeseli. Abantu abanesici se-sickle cell bavame ukuba nempilo, kepha bangaludlulisela kuhlobo lwabo olungafanele.

Ubani osengozini yesifo se-sickle cell (SCD)?

E-United States, iningi labantu abane-SCD ngabantu base-Afrika baseMelika:

• Cishe izingane ezi-1 kwezingu-13 zase-Afrika zaseMelika zizalwa zinezici ze-sickle cell
• Cishe ingane eyodwa kwezingu-365 ezimnyama izalwa inesifo se-sickle cell

I-SCD ibuye ithinte abanye abantu abavela e-Hispanic, eningizimu ye-Europe, e-Middle East, noma e-Asia Indian.

Ziyini izimpawu zesifo se-sickle cell (SCD)?

Abantu abane-SCD baqala ukuba nezimpawu zesifo phakathi nonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, imvamisa bezungeza izinyanga ezinhlanu ubudala. Izimpawu zokuqala ze-SCD zingafaka

• Ukuvuvukala kobuhlungu kwezandla nezinyawo
• Ukukhathala noma ukukhathazeka okuvela ku-anemia
• Umbala ophuzi wesikhumba (i-jaundice) noma abamhlophe bamehlo (icterus)

Imiphumela ye-SCD iyahluka kumuntu nomuntu futhi ingashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Iningi lezibonakaliso nezimpawu ze-SCD zihlobene nezinkinga zesifo. Kungabandakanya ubuhlungu obukhulu, i-anemia, ukulimala komzimba, kanye nokutheleleka.

Sitholakala kanjani isifo se-sickle cell disease (SCD)?

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungakhombisa ukuthi une-SCD noma isici se-sickle cell. Zonke izifundazwe manje zivivinya izingane ezisanda kuzalwa njengengxenye yezinhlelo zazo zokuhlola, ngakho-ke ukwelashwa kungaqala kusenesikhathi.

Abantu abacabanga ngokuba nezingane bangahlolwa ukuze bathole ukuthi kungenzeka kangakanani ukuthi izingane zabo zibe ne-SCD.

Odokotela bangahlola futhi i-SCD ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwengane. Lokho kuhlolwa kusebenzisa isampula le-amniotic fluid (uketshezi olusesakeni oluzungeze ingane) noma izicubu ezithathwe ku-placenta (isitho esiletha umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba enganeni).

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-sickle cell disease (SCD)?

Ukuphela kokwelapha kwe-SCD umnkantsha noma ukufakelwa kwe-stem cell. Ngoba lokhu kufakelwa kuyingozi futhi kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu, kuvame ukusetshenziswa kuphela ezinganeni ezine-SCD enamandla. Ukuze ukufakelwa kusebenze, umnkantsha wethambo kufanele ube ngumdlalo osondelene. Imvamisa, onikela kakhulu ngumfowethu noma udade.

Kunezindlela zokwelapha ezingasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu, zinciphise izinkinga, futhi zelule impilo:

• Ama-antibiotic ukuzama ukuvimbela ukutheleleka ezinganeni ezincane
• Ukudambisa izinhlungu kobuhlungu obunzima noma obungapheli
• I-Hydroxyurea, umuthi okhonjisiwe ukunciphisa noma ukuvimbela izinkinga eziningana ze-SCD. Kwandisa inani le-hemoglobin ye-fetus egazini. Lo muthi awulungele wonke umuntu; khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo mayelana nokuthi kufanele uyithathe yini. Lo muthi awuphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
• Ukugonywa kwengane ukuvikela izifo
• Ukumpontshelwa igazi ngenxa yokushoda kwegazi okunzima. Uma uke waba nezinkinga ezithile ezibucayi, njengesifo sohlangothi, ungaba nokumpontshelwa igazi ukuze uvimbele ezinye izinkinga.

Kukhona ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zezinkinga ezithile.

Ukuze uhlale uphilile ngangokunokwenzeka, qiniseka ukuthi uthola ukunakekelwa okuvamile kwezempilo, uphile impilo enempilo, futhi ugweme izimo ezingadala inkinga yobuhlungu.

I-NIH: I-National Heart, Lung, ne-Blood Institute

• Ukusuka e-Afrika kuye e-U.S. Ukufuna Kwabesifazane Abasebasha Ukwelashwa Kwezifo Zesifo Sokugula
• Ingabe Ukwelashwa Kutholakala Kabanzi Kwezifo Zesifo Sokugula Kuseduze?
• Indlela eya ethembeni lesifo seSickle Cell
• Isifo Sezifo Sokugula: Okufanele Ukwazi
• Isinyathelo Ngaphakathi kwegatsha le-Sickle Cell le-NIH
• Kungani uJordin Spark Afuna Abantu Abaningi Ukuba Bakhulume Ngezifo Zesifo Sokugula