Isibindi sokuqina kwesibindi: kuyini, izimpawu, izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa
• Izimbangela ezingaba khona
• 1. Isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B no-C
• 2. Ukusetshenziswa kweziphuzo ezidakayo
• 3. Ukuphazamiseka komzimba
• 4. Isibindi esinamafutha
• 5. Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi
• 6. I-cholestasis engapheli
• Yelashwa kanjani

Isibindi sokuqina kwesibindi ukuvuvukala okungapheli kwesibindi okubonakala ngokwakhiwa kwamaqhuqhuva nezicubu ze-fibrotic, ezivimbela umsebenzi wesibindi.

Imvamisa i-cirrhosis ibhekwa njengesigaba esithuthukile sezinye izinkinga zesibindi, njenge-hepatitis noma i-steatosis, ngoba kuyadingeka ukuthi kube nokulimala okuvamile kokuvela kwesifo sokuqina kwesibindi. Ngaphezu kwalezi zinkinga, i-cirrhosis nayo ingakhula ngenxa yokuphuza ngokweqile, ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kweminye imithi futhi ngenxa yokutheleleka ngegciwane.

Isibindi sokuqina kwesibindi asinakhambi ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kuvame ukwenziwa ngezinguquko ekudleni, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemithi yokulawula ezinye zezimpawu. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukuhlinzekwa kokufakelwa kwesibindi kungadingeka.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Esigabeni sokuqala, i-cirrhosis imvamisa ayizibangeli izimpawu, noma kunjalo, njengoba izilonda zesibindi zanda, izimpawu ezinjengalezi:

• Ubuthakathaka nokukhathala ngokweqile;
• Ukugula okuvamile;
• Isicanucanu njalo;
• Ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla;
• Amabala abomvu esikhunjeni, anemithambo yesicabucabu encane;
• Ukwehla kwesisindo.

Ezimweni esezithuthuke kakhulu zesifo sokuqina kwesibindi, kujwayelekile ukubona izimpawu ezinjengesikhumba esiphuzi namehlo, isisu esivuvukile, umchamo omnyama kakhulu, izitulo ezimhlophe kanye nokunwaya umzimba wonke.

Lapho ukhomba noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingakhomba inkinga yesibindi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubonisana nodokotela wezifo zesibindi noma udokotela ojwayelekile, ngoba ukusheshe kwatholakala ukuxilongwa, kulula ukuthi ukwelashwa kube khona.

Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa

Ukuxilongwa kwesibindi sokuqina kwesibindi kuqala ngokuhlolwa kwezimpawu eziveziwe, kanye nendlela yokuphila yomuntu nomlando wezempilo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izivivinyo zaselabhorathri ezihlola ukusebenza kwesibindi, ukusebenza kwezinso kanye namandla okujiya nazo zivame uku-oda, kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-serological ukukhomba ukutheleleka ngegciwane.

Ukuhlolwa okuyinhloko kwelabhorethri okuyalelwa ngudokotela ukukalwa kwama-enzyme wesibindi i-TGO ne-TGP, aphakanyiswayo lapho isibindi sinezilonda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela uvame ukucela isilinganiso se-gamma-GT, nayo eyi-enzyme ekhiqizwa esibindini futhi okungenzeka ukuthi ukugxilwa kwayo kukhuphuke uma kunezinkinga zesibindi. Bona izivivinyo eziyinhloko ezihlola isibindi.

Udokotela angaphinda futhi acele ukwenziwa kokuhlolwa kwe-imaging okufana ne-computed tomography noma i-magnetic resonance imaging ukuze ahlole isibindi nesisu esiswini, kungenzeka ukuthi akhombe izifunda ezilimele futhi akhombise isidingo se-biopsy, ngokwesibonelo. I-biopsy yesibindi ayenziwa ngenhloso yokuxilongwa, kepha ukuthola ubunzima, ubukhulu nembangela ye-cirrhosis.

Izimbangela ezingaba khona

Izimbangela zesibindi sokuqina kwesibindi zingahlukahluka, kepha okuvame kakhulu yilezi:

1. Isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B no-C

I-Hepatitis B no-C yizifo ezibangelwa ikakhulu amagciwane futhi zidluliswa ngokuxhumana ngokocansi noma ngokwabelana ngezinto ezingcolile, njengezinaliti ezingcolisiwe, imijovo, izigaxa zemishini yokuzicwala noma imishini yokudweba. Lezi zinhlobo ze-hepatitis zithinta amangqamuzana wesibindi futhi uma ziyekwa zingelashwa zingadala ukuvuvukala okungapheli, okuholele ekuqineni kwesibindi. Funda kabanzi ngalolu hlobo lwe-hepatitis nokuthi ungaluvimbela kanjani.

2. Ukusetshenziswa kweziphuzo ezidakayo

Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kweziphuzo ezidakayo kungaba nemiphumela esheshayo emzimbeni, njengobunzima bokugcina ukulinganisela nokulahleka kokuxhumana. Kodwa-ke, uma ukusetshenziswa kwenziwa izinsuku eziningi ngesonto futhi ngenani elingaphezu kuka-60 g wotshwala ngosuku, emadodeni, noma ku-20 g, kwabesifazane, kungadala ukuqina kwesibindi.

3. Ukuphazamiseka komzimba

Ezinye izinkinga zomzimba zingaholela esibindini se-cirrhosis, njengesifo sikaWilson. Lesi sifo siyivelakancane, sinofuzo futhi asinakhambi futhi sibonakala ngokungakwazi komzimba ukuhlanganisa ithusi, ngokuqongelela ezithweni eziningana, ikakhulukazi ebuchosheni nasesibindi, okungadala umonakalo omkhulu kulezi zitho. Funda kabanzi mayelana nezimpawu zesifo sikaWilson.

4. Isibindi esinamafutha

Isibindi esinamafutha, esaziwa ngokwesayensi njengesibindi esinamafutha, yisimo lapho amanoni aqoqana khona esibindini ngenxa yemikhuba emibi yokudla. Lesi sifo asijwayele ukudala izimpawu futhi, isikhathi esiningi, sitholwa ngokungahleliwe. Kodwa-ke, uma singelashwa, isibindi esinamafutha singadala ukuvuvukala okungapheli kwesibindi, kwandise ubungozi bokuqina kwesibindi. Bona ukuthi yini ebangela ukuqoqana kwamafutha esibindini.

5. Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi

Eminye imishanguzo uma isetshenziswa ngokweqile futhi njalo ingadala ukuvuvukala kwesibindi, ngoba uma isiningi kakhulu emzimbeni, isibindi asikwazi ukugaya lezi zinto ngokushesha. Ezinye izibonelo zamakhambi angaholela esibindi i-cirrhosis yi-isoniazid, nitrofurantoin, amiodarone, methotrexate, chlorpromazine kanye ne-sodium diclofenac.

6. I-cholestasis engapheli

I-cholestasis engapheli yisimo lapho i-bile ingathwalwa khona isuswe esibindini iye engxenyeni yamathumbu, engaba ngenxa yokuvinjelwa kwamapayipi enyongo ngenxa yokuba khona kwezimila, amatshe e-gallbladder noma ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhiqizwa kwenyongo. I-cholestasis engapheli ingaholela esibindini sokuqina kwesibindi futhi ivame kakhulu kubantu abane-ulcerative colitis, okuyisifo samathumbu esivuthayo.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-cirrhosis kuyahluka ngokuya ngesizathu, futhi kungenziwa ngokumiswa komuthi noma kotshwala, ngokwesibonelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukugcina ukudla okwanele okubandakanya ukwengeza amavithamini, ngoba ngenxa yokukhubazeka kwesibindi, umuntu angaba nobunzima bokugaya amafutha kahle. Thola ukuthi ukudla kwe-cirrhosis kufanele kube njani.

Ngokuya ngezimpawu eziveziwe, i-hepatologist nayo inganquma ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile, njenge-diuretics, antihypertensives noma okhilimu besikhumba esilumayo, ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga lempilo yomuntu one-cirrhosis.

Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, lapho kunezilonda eziningi zesibindi, ukuphela kwendlela yokwelashwa kungaba ukufakelwa kwesibindi, okwenziwa ngokususa isibindi nge-cirrhosis nokubeka isibindi esinempilo kumnikeli ohambisanayo. Bona imininingwane eminingi ngezindlela eziyinhloko zokwelapha ukuqina kwesibindi.