Izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-dyslexia (ezinganeni nakubantu abadala)

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko enganeni
• Izimpawu eziyinhloko kubantu abadala
• Amagama ajwayelekile nalokho okufakwa esikhundleni sezinhlamvu
• Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa

Izimpawu ze-dyslexia, ezibonakala njengobunzima bokubhala, ukukhuluma nokupela isipelingi, zivame ukubonakala ngesikhathi sokufunda ebuntwaneni, lapho ingane ingena esikoleni futhi ikhombisa ubunzima obukhulu ekufundeni.

Kodwa-ke, i-dyslexia nayo ingagcina itholakele lapho isikhulile, ikakhulukazi lapho ingane ingafundi esikoleni.

Yize i-dyslexia ingenalo ikhambi, kukhona ukwelashwa okusiza umuntu one-dyslexia ukuba anqobe, ngangokunokwenzeka nangamakhono akhe, ubunzima bokufunda, ukubhala nokupela isipelingi.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko enganeni

Izimpawu zokuqala ze-dyslexia zingavela ebuntwaneni, kufaka phakathi:

• Qala ukukhuluma kamuva;
• Ukubambezeleka entuthukweni yezimoto njengokukhasa, ukuhlala nokuhamba;
• Ingane ayiqondi ukuthi izwa ini;
• Kunzima ekufundeni ukugibela ibhayisikili elinamasondo amathathu;
• Kunzima ukujwayela isikole;
• Izinkinga zokulala;
• Ingane ingaba ne-hyperactive noma i-hypoactive;
• Ukukhala nokungahlaliseki noma ukuphazamiseka kaningi.

Kusukela eminyakeni yobudala engu-7, izimpawu ze-dyslexia zingaba:

• Ingane ithatha isikhathi eside ukwenza umsebenzi wesikole noma ingawenza ngokushesha kepha ngamaphutha amaningi;
• Kunzima ukufunda nokubhala, ukwakha, ukufaka noma ukushiya amagama;
• Kunzima ukuqonda imibhalo;
• Ingane ingashiya, ingeze, iguqule noma iguqule ukuhleleka nokuqondiswa kwezinhlamvu nezinhlamvu zamagama;
• Kunzima ukugxila;
• Ingane ayifuni ukufunda, ikakhulukazi ngokuzwakalayo;
• Ingane ayikuthandi ukuya esikoleni, ukuphathwa yisisu lapho iya esikoleni noma umkhuhlane ngezinsuku zokuhlolwa;
• Landela umugqa wombhalo ngeminwe yakho;
• Ingane ikhohlwa kalula lokho ekufundayo bese ilahleka esikhaleni nangesikhathi;
• Ukudideka phakathi kwesobunxele nesokudla, phezulu nangaphansi, ngaphambili nangemuva;
• Ingane inenkinga yokufunda amahora, ukulandelana nokubala, ukudinga iminwe;
• Ingane ayisithandi isikole, ukufunda, izibalo nokubhala;
• Kunzima ukupela amagama;
• Ukubhala okuhamba kancane, kunombhalo wesandla omubi futhi oyimpoqo.

Izingane ze-dyslexia nazo zivame ukuba nobunzima bebhayisikili, izinkinobho, ukubopha izintambo zezicathulo zazo, ukugcina ibhalansi nokuzivocavoca. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkinga zokukhuluma njengokushintsha kusuka ku-R uye ku-L nazo zingabangelwa yisifo esibizwa nge-Dyslalia. Ukuqonda kangcono ukuthi yini i-dyslalia nokuthi ilashwa kanjani.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko kubantu abadala

Izimpawu ze-dyslexia kubantu abadala, noma zingahle zingabi bikho zonke, zingaba:

• Thatha isikhathi eside ukufunda incwadi;
• Lapho ufunda, yeqa ukuphela kwamagama;
• Kunzima ukucabanga ukuthi ubhale ini;
• Kunzima ukwenza amanothi;
• Kunzima ukulandela okushiwo abanye nokulandelana;
• Kunzima ekubalweni kwengqondo nokuphathwa kwesikhathi;
• Ukwenqena ukubhala, isibonelo, imiyalezo;
• Kunzima ukuqonda kahle incazelo yombhalo;
• Udinga ukuphinda ufunde umbhalo ofanayo izikhathi eziningana ukuze uwuqonde;
• Kunzima ukubhala, kunamaphutha ekushintsheni izinhlamvu ukhohlwe noma ukudideka maqondana nezimpawu zokubhala nohlelo lolimi;
• Ukudida imiyalelo noma izinombolo zocingo, isibonelo;
• Kunzima ukuhlela, ukuhlela nokuphatha isikhathi noma imisebenzi.

Kodwa-ke, ngokujwayelekile, umuntu one-dyslexia uthanda kakhulu ukuxhumana, ukhuluma kahle futhi uyathandeka, enobungane kakhulu.

Amagama ajwayelekile nalokho okufakwa esikhundleni sezinhlamvu

Izingane eziningi ezine-dyslexia ziphambanisa izinhlamvu namagama ngokufana, futhi kujwayelekile ukubuyisela emuva izinhlamvu ngenkathi kubhalwa, njengokubhala 'me' esikhundleni sika 'in' noma 'd' esikhundleni sika 'b'. Etafuleni elingezansi sinikeza ngezibonelo eziningi:

Esinye isici okufanele sibhekwe ukuthi i-dyslexia inengxenye yomndeni, ngakho-ke ukusola kuyanda lapho omunye wabazali noma ogogo nomkhulu kutholakala ukuthi une-dyslexia phambilini.

Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa

Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umuntu une-dyslexia, kuyadingeka ukwenza izivivinyo ezithile okufanele ziphendulwe ngabazali, othisha nabantu abasondele enganeni. Isivivinyo siqukethe imibuzo eminingana mayelana nokuziphatha kwengane ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ezidlule futhi kumele ihlolwe ngudokotela wezengqondo ozonikeza nezinkomba zokuthi ingane kufanele ibhekwe kanjani.

Ngaphezu kokukhomba ukuthi ngabe ingane ine-dyslexia, kungadingeka ukuphendula eminye imibuzo ukuthola ukuthi, ngaphezu kwe-dyslexia, ingane inesinye isimo esifana ne-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, esikhona cishe isigamu samacala ye-dyslexia.