I-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: kuyini, izimpawu nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu ze-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
• Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani
• Ukwelashwa kwe-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
• Ukuqagela uma kwenzeka i-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

I-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma wuhlobo lomdlavuza oluthinta ama-lymph node, lukhuthaze ukwanda kwawo, futhi luthinta kakhulu amaseli okuvikela uhlobo B. Izimpawu zalesi sifo zivela njengoba amasosha omzimba eba buthakathaka, lapho kuvela izimpawu ezifana nokujuluka ebusuku, umkhuhlane kanye nesikhumba esilumayo, isibonelo, noma kunjalo kungaba khona ezinye izimpawu kuye ngokuthi umdlavuza ukhula kuphi.

Kubalulekile ukuthi lolu hlobo lwe-lymphoma lukhonjwe ezigabeni zokuqala, njengoba kungenzeka ukuvimbela ukusabalala kwesimila futhi ngaleyo ndlela kube nethuba elikhulu lokwelashwa. Ukwelashwa kufanele kuqondiswe yi-oncologist, okungenziwa nge-radiotherapy, i-chemotherapy noma ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-monoclonal.

Izimpawu ze-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

Ezimweni eziningi, i-lymphoma ayibangeli noma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo, itholakala kuphela ngezigaba ezithuthuke kakhulu ngenxa yezinguquko emnkantsheni wethambo, ophazamisa ngqo ukukhiqizwa kwamaseli egazi aphilile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu ze-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma zingahluka ngokuya ngokuthi ikhula kuphi emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile, izimpawu eziyinhloko ezihlobene ne-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma yilezi:

Ukwanda kwama-lymph node, okwaziwa nangokuthi i-lingua, ikakhulukazi entanyeni, ngemuva kwezindlebe, emakhwapheni nasemgodini;

• Ukushoda kwegazi;
• Ukukhathala ngokweqile;
• Imfiva;
• Ukuntuleka kwamandla okwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke;
• Umjuluko wasebusuku;
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza;
• Isikhumba esilumayo;
• Ukuvuvukala ebusweni noma emzimbeni;
• Ukwehla kwesisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu esisobala;
• Ukopha okulula;
• Ukuvela kwemivimbo emzimbeni;
• Ukuqunjelwa nokuqaqamba kwesisu;
• Ukuzwa isisu esigcwele ngemuva kokudla ukudla okuncane.

Kubalulekile ukuthi umuntu abonane nodokotela ojwayelekile ngokushesha nje lapho eqaphela ukuvela kwamaqhubu, ikakhulukazi uma ephelezelwa ezinye izimpawu, ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi kwenziwe izivivinyo ezingaqinisekisa ukuxilongwa futhi, ngaleyo ndlela, ziqale kakhulu ukwelashwa okufanele, okukhuthaza izinga lempilo.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma kufanele kwenziwe ngudokotela ojwayelekile bese kwenziwa i-oncologist ngokuhlola izimpawu ezethulwe ngumuntu nokuhlola umlando womuntu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, kuyanconywa futhi ukuthi kwenziwe ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ama-biopsies, ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging, njenge-tomography, ukuhlolwa kwezifo ezithathelwana ngocansi, njenge-HIV ne-hepatitis B, ne-myelogram.

Lezi zivivinyo zisebenza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi sikhona lesi sifo nokuhlonza uhlobo lwesimila kanye nesigaba saso, esibalulekile ekukhetheni ukwelashwa.

Ukwelashwa kwe-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

Ukwelashwa kwe-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma kufanele kwenziwe ngokuyalelwa yi-oncologist futhi kuyahluka ngokuya ngohlobo nesigaba se-lymphoma, nokuhlinzwa nokusetshenziswa kwemithi enciphisa ukwanda kwesimila, kukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana egazi nokwenza ngcono umuntu izinga lempilo.

Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kwalolu hlobo lwe-lymphoma kwenziwa ngenhlanganisela yamakhemikhali, i-radiotherapy kanye ne-immunotherapy, lapho ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezisebenza ngenhloso yokumisa ukwanda kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza, okukhuthaza ukuqedwa kwesimila nokwanda komkhiqizo amaseli wokuvikela umzimba.

Izikhathi ze-Chemotherapy zihlala isilinganiso samahora ama-4, lapho umuntu ethola khona imishanguzo yomlomo nokujova, kepha-ke, lapho i-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma inzima kakhulu, ingahle ihlotshaniswe nezikhathi ze-radiotherapy esizeni se-lymphoma ukukhuthaza ukuqedwa kwesisu. Kokubili i-chemo ne-radiotherapy kungadala imiphumela emibi efana nesicanucanu nokulahleka kwezinwele.

Ngokungeziwe ekwelashweni okukhonjiswe yi-oncologist, kubalulekile ukuthi umuntu agcine indlela yokuphila enempilo, azijwayeze ukuzivocavoca umzimba njalo futhi abe nokudla okunempilo futhi okunempilo, okufanele kuqondiswe ngongoti wezokudla.

Ukuqagela uma kwenzeka i-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

Isibikezelo uma kwenzeka i-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma ihlukile kakhulu, ngoba kuya ngezici eziningana ezinjengehlobo lesimila umuntu analo, isigaba salo, isimo sempilo yomuntu ngamunye, uhlobo lokwelashwa okwenziwe nokuthi nini kwaqalwa.

Izinga lokusinda lalolu hlobo lwesimila liphezulu kepha liyahlukahluka ngokuya nge:

• Ubudala: uma umuntu emdala, maningi amathuba okuthi kungabikho ukwelashwa;
• Isigaxa sesimila: lapho singaphezu kuka-10 cm, sibi ngokwengeziwe amathuba okwelashwa.

Ngakho-ke, abantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-60 ubudala, abanamathumba angaphezu kuka-10 cm mancane amathuba okuthi belapheke futhi bangafa cishe eminyakeni emihlanu.