Okudingeka Ukwazi Ngomdlavuza Wesikhumba ku-Scalp

-Delile

• Izinhlobo zomdlavuza wesikhumba wesikhumba
• I-basal cell carcinoma
• I-squamous cell carcinoma
• I-Melanoma
• Ungabona kanjani ukuthi umdlavuza?
• I-basal cell carcinoma
• I-squamous cell carcinoma
• I-Melanoma
• Yini ebangela ukuthi umdlavuza wakheke ekhanda lakho?
• Ungakwazi yini ukuvimbela umdlavuza ekhanda?
• Utholakala kanjani umdlavuza wekhanda?
• Uphathwa kanjani umdlavuza ekhanda?
• Uyini umbono wabantu abanomdlavuza wesikhumba?
• I-basal cell carcinoma
• I-squamous cell carcinoma
• I-Melanoma
• Okubalulekile

Umdlavuza wesikhumba uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza futhi ungakhula noma kuphi esikhunjeni sakho. Kuvame kakhulu ezindaweni ezivame ukuvezwa yilanga, futhi isikhumba sakho sezinwele singenye yalezo. Cishe amaphesenti ayi-13 omdlavuza wesikhumba asekhanda.

Umdlavuza wesikhumba kungaba nzima ukuwubona ekhanda lakho, kodwa ungakhohlwa ukuhlola ikhanda lakho njengoba uhlola wonke umzimba wakho ukuthola ukukhula. Futhi uma uchitha isikhathi esiningi ngaphandle, kufanele uhlole isikhumba sakho sekhanda nawo wonke umzimba wakho njalo.

Izinhlobo zomdlavuza wesikhumba wesikhumba

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zomdlavuza wesikhumba, zonke ezingakhula ekhanda lakho. Zonke izinhlobo zomdlavuza wesikhumba ekhanda zivame kakhulu kwabesilisa.

I-basal cell carcinoma

Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza wesikhumba, i-basal cell carcinoma luvame kakhulu ekhanda nasentanyeni kunezinye izitho zomzimba. Ngokuya ngokubuyekezwa kwezifundo kwe-2018, ama-basal cell carcinomas ku-akhawunti ye-scalp aphakathi kwamaphesenti ama-2 no-18 wawo wonke ama-basal cell carcinomas.

I-squamous cell carcinoma

I-squamous cell carcinoma uhlobo lwesibili lomdlavuza wesikhumba ovame kakhulu. Kuvame kakhulu kubantu abanesikhumba esikhanyayo nasezindaweni zesikhumba ezivezwe kakhulu yilanga, kufaka phakathi isikhumba sasekhanda. Ama-squamous cell carcinomas ku-scalp akhawunti aphakathi kwamaphesenti amathathu kuya kwayisishiyagalombili awo wonke ama-squamous cell carcinomas.

I-Melanoma

Uhlobo olubulala kakhulu noluyivelakancane lomdlavuza wesikhumba, i-melanoma ivame ukuvela emvukuzaneni noma kokunye ukukhula kwesikhumba. I-Scalp melanomas account cishe yamaphesenti ama-3 kuye kwayi-5 awo wonke ama-melanoma.

Ungabona kanjani ukuthi umdlavuza?

Izimpawu zomdlavuza wesikhumba ekhanda lakho zincike ohlotsheni lomdlavuza wesikhumba.

I-basal cell carcinoma

Izimpawu zifaka:

• iqhubu elinombala wenyama, elimnyama esikhunjeni sakho
• isilonda esiyisicaba esikhunjeni sakho
• isilonda esigcina ukuphola bese sibuya

I-squamous cell carcinoma

• iqhubu eliqinile, elibomvu esikhunjeni sakho
• isiqeshana esinezikhala noma esigaxekile esikhunjeni sakho

I-Melanoma

• indawo enkulu ensundu esikhunjeni sakho engabukeka njengemvukuzane
• imvukuzane eguqula usayizi, umbala, noma ukuphuma kwegazi
• Khumbula "ABCDE":
  • Aukulinganisa: Ngabe izinhlangothi ezimbili zemvukuzane yakho zehlukile?
  • Bi-oda: Ngabe umngcele awujwayelekile noma ujantshile?
  • Ci-olor: Ingabe imvukuzane inombala owodwa noma iyahlukahluka kuyo yonke? I-melanoma ingaba mnyama, i-tan, i-brown, imhlophe, ibomvu, i-blue, noma inhlanganisela yanoma yini.
  • UDiameter: Ingabe imvukuzane ingaphezu kuka-6mm? Lokhu kuvamile nge-melanoma, kepha kungaba kuncane.
  • Evolving: Uke walubona ushintsho emvukuzaneni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, njengosayizi, ukuma, noma umbala?

Yini ebangela ukuthi umdlavuza wakheke ekhanda lakho?

Imbangela enkulu yazo zonke izinhlobo zomdlavuza wesikhumba ukuchayeka elangeni. Isikhumba sakho sezitho singesinye sezitho zomzimba wakho ezivezwe kakhulu yilanga, ikakhulukazi uma unempandla noma unezinwele ezondile. Lokho kusho ukuthi ingenye yezindawo ezivame kakhulu zomdlavuza wesikhumba.

Ezinye izimbangela zomdlavuza wesikhumba ekhanda lakho zibandakanya ukusebenzisa umbhede wokushuka futhi ube nokwelashwa ngemisebe ekhanda noma entanyeni.

Ungakwazi yini ukuvimbela umdlavuza ekhanda?

Indlela engcono yokuvikela umdlavuza wesikhumba ekhanda lakho ukuvikela isikhumba sakho lapho ungena elangeni:

• Thwala isigqoko noma okunye ukumboza ikhanda uma kungenzeka.
• Futha isikhumba selanga esikhumbeni sakho.

Ezinye izindlela zokusiza ukuvikela umdlavuza wesikhumba ekhanda lakho yilezi:

• Gwema ukusebenzisa imibhede yokushuka.
• Nciphisa isikhathi sakho elangeni.
• Hlola isikhumba sakho sekhanda njalo ukuze ubone noma yiziphi izindawo ezingaba nomdlavuza kusenesikhathi. Lokhu kungasiza ekunqandeni izilonda ezingaphambi kokuba zivele zibe ngumdlavuza noma ziyeke umdlavuza wesikhumba ukuthi ungasabalali. Ungasebenzisa isibuko ukubuka emuva nangaphezulu kwekhanda lakho kahle.

Utholakala kanjani umdlavuza wekhanda?

Ungaya kudokotela wakho uma ubona indawo esolisayo esikhunjeni sakho, noma udokotela angayibona ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwesikhumba. Akunandaba ukuthi indawo itholakala kanjani, ukuxilongwa komdlavuza wesikhumba kuzokwenzeka ngendlela efanayo.

Okokuqala, udokotela wakho uzokubuza ngomlando womndeni wakho womdlavuza, uma uchitha isikhathi esiningi elangeni, sebenzisa ukuvikelwa elangeni, futhi uma usebenzisa imibhede yokushuka. Uma uqaphele isilonda, udokotela wakho angakubuza ukuthi ngabe uqaphele noma yiziphi izinguquko ngokuhamba kwesikhathi noma uma ukukhula okusha.

Lapho-ke udokotela wakho uzokwenza ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba ukuze abukisise lesi silonda futhi anqume ukuthi ngabe udinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe. Bazobheka ubukhulu bayo, umbala, ukwakheka, nezinye izici.

Uma udokotela wakho ecabanga ukuthi kungaba umdlavuza wesikhumba ekhanda lakho, bazothatha i-biopsy, noma isampula encane, yokukhula kokuhlolwa. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungatshela udokotela wakho uma unomdlavuza, futhi uma unakho, hlobo luni. I-biopsy ingahle yenele ukususa ngokuphelele ukukhula okuncane komdlavuza, ikakhulukazi i-basal cell carcinoma.

Uma le ndawo inomdlavuza kodwa hhayi i-basal cell carcinoma, udokotela wakho angancoma ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukubona ukuthi kusakazekile yini. Lokhu kuvame ukufaka ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging kwama-lymph node ekhanda nasentanyeni yakho.

Uphathwa kanjani umdlavuza ekhanda?

Ukwelashwa okungenzeka komdlavuza wesikhumba ekhanda lakho kufaka:

• Ukuhlinzwa. Udokotela wakho uzosusa ukukhula komdlavuza kanye nesikhumba esithile esisizungezile, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi asuse wonke amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Lokhu kuvame ukwelashwa kokuqala kwe-melanoma. Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, ungadinga nokuhlinzwa okwakhiwa kabusha, njengokufakwa kwesikhumba.
• Mohs ukuhlinzwa. Lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa lusetshenziselwa umdlavuza wesikhumba omkhulu, ophindaphindiwe noma onzima ukwelashwa. Isetshenziselwa ukonga isikhumba ngangokunokwenzeka. Ekuhlinzweni kukaMohs, udokotela wakho uzosusa ungqimba lokukhula ngongqimba, ahlole ngayinye ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu, kuze kube yilapho kungekho maseli omdlavuza asele.
• Imisebe. Lokhu kungasetshenziswa njengokwelashwa kokuqala noma ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele.
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali. Uma umdlavuza wakho wesikhumba ungaphansi kwesikhumba kuphela, ungakwazi ukusebenzisa i-chemotherapy lotion ukuyelapha. Uma umdlavuza wakho usakazekile, ungadinga i-chemotherapy yendabuko.
• Kuyabanda. Isetshenziselwa umdlavuza ongangeni ngokujulile esikhunjeni sakho.
• Ukwelashwa kwe-Photodynamic. Uzothatha imithi ezokwenza amangqamuzana omdlavuza azwele ekukhanyeni. Ngemuva kwalokho udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa ama-lasers ukubulala amaseli.

Uyini umbono wabantu abanomdlavuza wesikhumba?

Umbono womdlavuza wesikhumba ekhanda lakho kuncike ohlotsheni oluthile lomdlavuza wesikhumba:

I-basal cell carcinoma

Ngokuvamile, i-basal cell carcinoma iyelapheka kakhulu - futhi kaningi iyelapheka - uma ibanjwe kusenesikhathi. Kodwa-ke, i-basal carcinoma ekhanda ngokuvamile kunzima ukwelapha kunamanye ama-basal cell carcinomas. Banamathuba amaningi okuthi baphinde babuye emuva kokwelashwa.

Izinga lokuphindaphinda kweminyaka emihlanu yesikhumba se-scalp basal cell carcinomas esiphathwe nge-curettage kanye ne-electrodeiccation - enye yezindlela zokwelashwa ezisetshenziswa kakhulu - cishe cishe ngamaphesenti ayisihlanu kuye kwangama-23 ngokuya ngokuthi yayinkulu kangakanani i-carcinoma.

I-squamous cell carcinoma

Isilinganiso seminyaka emihlanu sokusinda kwe-squamous cell carcinoma ekhanda kuyinto. Izinga lokusinda elingenayo inqubekela phambili yeminyaka emihlanu, lapho umdlavuza ungasabalali, lingamaphesenti angama-51.

Cishe amaphesenti ayi-11 anokuphindeka kwendawo (ekhanda) kuthi amaphesenti ayi-7 abe nokuphindeka kwesifunda (kuma-lymph node aseduze) kungakapheli iminyaka emihlanu.

I-Melanoma

I-Melanoma esikhumbeni ngokuvamile ine-prognosis ebi kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo ze-melanoma.

I-diagnostic ye-melanoma ekhanda yizinyanga eziyi-15.6, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinyanga ezingama-25.6 kwamanye ama-melanoma. Izinga lokusinda lokuphindaphinda kweminyaka emihlanu ye-melanoma esikhumbeni lingamaphesenti angama-45, uma kuqhathaniswa namaphesenti angama-62.9 kwamanye ama-melanoma.

Okubalulekile

Umdlavuza wesikhumba kungenzeka kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yesikhumba sakho, kufaka phakathi isikhumba sakho. Kungaba nzima ukubona ekhanda lakho, futhi imvamisa iba nesibikezelo esibi kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wesikhumba, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwenza okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka ukuvimbela umdlavuza wesikhumba ekhanda lakho.

Gwema ilanga ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi uthwale isigqoko noma uthwale ekhanda lapho uphuma elangeni.