Konke Odinga Ukukwazi Ngomkhuhlane Wesisu

-Delile

• Uyini Umkhuhlane Wesisu, Futhi Ubangelwa Yini?
• Izimpawu Zomkhuhlane Wesisu
• Ngabe I-Flu Yesisu Ixilongwa Futhi Iphathwe Kanjani?
• Umkhuhlane Wesisu Uyathathelana Isikhathi Eside Kangakanani?
• Ukuvimbela Umkhuhlane Wesisu
• Buyekeza kwe-

Umkhuhlane wesisu ungesinye salezo zifo eziza ngamandla futhi ngokushesha. Umzuzu owodwa uzizwa ukahle, futhi ngokulandelayo ulwa nezimpawu zomkhuhlane wesisu ezinjengokucanuzela kwenhliziyo nobuhlungu besisu obugijimela endlini yangasese ngokwethuka njalo ngemizuzu embalwa. Uma uke walwa nalezi zinkinga zokugaya ukudla, uyazi ukuthi zingakwenza uzizwe uqonde-dabukisayo-njengalapho uba nomkhuhlane ojwayelekile.

Kodwa yize umkhuhlane nomkhuhlane wesisu ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukutheleleka ngegciwane, lezi zimo zombili empeleni azihlangene, kusho isazi se-gastroenterologist uSamantha Nazareth, MD Umkhuhlane wesisu uvame ukubangelwa elinye lamagciwane amathathu: i-norovirus , i-rotavirus, noma i-adenovirus. (Kwesinye isikhathi umkhuhlane wesisu ungumphumela wokutheleleka kwamagciwane esikhundleni segciwane — ikakhulukazi kuzo zonke izimbangela kancane.) Umkhuhlane, ngakolunye uhlangothi, uvame ukubangelwa iqoqo lamagciwane ahlukile athinta uhlelo lokuphefumula, kufaka phakathi ikhala, umphimbo namaphaphu, kuchaza uDkt. Nazareth.

Nakhu konke odinga ukukwazi ngomkhuhlane wesisu, kufaka phakathi ukuthi ubangelwa yini, utholakala kanjani, uhlala isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi welashwa kanjani, ukuze ubuyele ekuzizweni kangcono njenge-ASAP. (Okwamanje, bheka lezi zindawo ezinamagciwane amakhulu ejimini ezingakugulisa.)

Uyini Umkhuhlane Wesisu, Futhi Ubangelwa Yini?

Umkhuhlane wesisu (owaziwa ngokweqile ngokuthi i-gastroenteritis) yisimo esidalwa ibhaktheriya noma igciwane eliholela ekuvuvukeni komgudu wokugaya ukudla, kusho uCarolyn Newberry, MD, ongudokotela wesisu eNewYork-Presbyterian naseWeill Cornell Medicine. "I-Gastroenteritis ibhekisela ekuvuvukeni okujwayelekile okwenzeka nalesi simo," uyanezela.

I-Gastroenteritis imvamisa ingumphumela welinye lamagciwane amathathu ahlukene, wonke "athelelana kakhulu," kusho uDkt. Nazareth (yingakho umkhuhlane wesisu uhamba njengomlilo wequbula ezindaweni ezinjengezikole noma amahhovisi). Okokuqala, kune-norovirus, evame ukusabalala ngokudla noma ngamanzi angcolile kodwa futhi ingadluliselwa ngokuthintana nomuntu onaleli gciwane noma indawo engaphezulu, uyachaza. "Lena ivame kakhulu kuyo yonke iminyaka e-U.S.," kunezela uDkt. Nazareth, ephawula ukuthi "igciwane elivamile ozwa ngalo emikhunjini yokuhamba." (Okuhlobene: Ungashesha Kanjani Ukubamba Isifo Endizeni — Futhi Kufanele Ukhathazeke Kangakanani?)

Kukhona futhi i-rotavirus, evame ukutholakala ezinganeni nasebancane futhi edala isifo sohudo esinamandla, nokuhlanza, kusho uDkt Nazareth. Ngenhlanhla, leli gciwane elithile livinjelwe kakhulu ngomuthi wokugoma we-rotavirus (ovame ukunikezwa ngemithamo emibili noma emithathu, cishe ezinyangeni ezi-2-6, ngokusho kweCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC).

Isizathu esingajwayelekile kakhulu somkhuhlane wesisu yi-adenovirus, kusho uDkt. Nazareth. Okuningi ngalolo kancane. (Okuhlobene: Ingabe Kufanele Ngikhathazeke Nge-Adenovirus?)

Lapho umkhuhlane wesisuakuyona okubangelwa igciwane, lokho kusho ukuthi ukutheleleka ngamagciwane kungenzeka kusolwe, kuchaza uDkt. Newberry. Njengamagciwane, ukutheleleka kwamagciwane nakho kungadala ukuvuvukala emgodini wamathumbu futhi kukushiye nezinkinga zokugaya ukudla. "Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane kufanele kuphenywe kubantu abangabi ngcono emva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa benomkhuhlane wesisu," kusho uDkt. Newberry.

Izimpawu Zomkhuhlane Wesisu

Kungakhathalekile ukuthi iyini imbangela, izimpawu zesifo somkhuhlane wesisu zifaka phakathi isifo sohudo, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza nokuqaqamba kwesisu. Bobabili uDkt. Nazareth kanye noDkt. Newberry bathi lezi zimpawu zivame ukuvela phakathi nosuku noma ezimbili zokuchayeka kubhaktheriya noma igciwane. Eqinisweni, uDkt. Newberry uphawula ukuthi kokunye, izimpawu zomkhuhlane wesisu zingaqala ngokushesha nje emahoreni ambalwa ngemuva kokuchayeka kuleligciwane noma kubhaktheriya, ikakhulukazi uma uxhumana nomuntu onegciwane (ngokungafani nendawo engenwe yileli gciwane noma ukudla).

"Izimpawu ze-norovirus ne-rotavirus ziyefana (uhudo, ukuhlanza, ubuhlungu besisu, isicanucanu) kanti ukwelashwa kuyafana: gwema ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni," kunezela uDkt Nazareth. Ngokuqondene ne-adenovirus, noma mancane amathuba okuthi uyibambe, igciwane linohlu olubanzi lwezimpawu. Ngaphezu kwezimpawu ezijwayelekile zomkhuhlane wesisu sohudo, ukuhlanza, ubuhlungu besisu, nesicanucanu, i-adenovirus nayo ingadala i-bronchitis, i-pneumonia, nomphimbo, uyachaza.

Izindaba ezimnandi: Izimpawu zomkhuhlane wesisu, noma ngabe zingumphumela wegciwane noma ukutheleleka kwamagciwane, imvamisa akuyona inkinga enkulu, kusho uDkt. Nazareth. "Amagciwane ajwayele ukuzikhawulela, okusho ukuthi umuntu angalwa nawo ngesikhathi uma amasosha omzimba ephilile futhi engathikamezeki (ngezinye izifo noma ngemithi)," kuchaza yena.

Noma kunjalo, kukhona ezinye "ifulegi elibomvu" izimpawu zomkhuhlane wesisu okufanele uziqaphele. "Impela igazi liyifulegi elibomvu, kusuka ngapha nangapha," kusho uDkt. Nazareth. Uma uhlanza igazi noma uhudo olunegazi, uncoma ukuthi ufune ukwelashwa nge-ASAP ngaphambi kokuba izimpawu zomkhuhlane wesisu zakho zibe zimbi kakhulu. (Okuhlobene: Ukudla okungu-7 Ukunciphisa Isisu Esicasulayo)

Uma unemfiva ephezulu (ngaphezu kuka-100.4 degrees Fahrenheit), lokho futhi kuyisibonakaliso sokufuna ukwelashwa ngokushesha, kuphawula uDkt. Nazareth. "Into enkulu kakhulu ethumela abantu ekunakekelweni okuphuthumayo noma ku-ER ukungakwazi ukugcina noma yikuphi uketshezi phansi, okuholela ekuphelelweni ngamanzi emzimbeni, kanye nezimpawu ezifana nesiyezi, ubuthakathaka, nekhanda elincane," kuchaza yena.

Uyazibuza ukuthi umkhuhlane wesisu uhlala isikhathi esingakanani? Sekukonke, izimpawu zivame ukuhlala izinsuku ezimbalwa, nakuba kuvamile ukuba zihlale isikhathi esingangesonto, kusho uDkt. Nazareth. Futhi, uma izimpawu zomkhuhlane wesisu zingazixazululi zodwa ngemuva kwesonto, bobabili ochwepheshe basikisela ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuthola ukuthi unesifo se-bacterial, esingadinga ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic.

Ngabe I-Flu Yesisu Ixilongwa Futhi Iphathwe Kanjani?

Uma ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lokho olwa nakho, empeleni, i-gastroenteritis, udokotela wakho wokunakekela oyinhloko angakuxilonga ngokusekelwe ezimpawu zomkhuhlane wesisu kuphela (kufaka phakathi ukuqala kwesicanucanu, ukuhlanza, uhudo, futhi kwesinye isikhathi umkhuhlane), uthi UDkt Newberry. “Kukhona nokuhlola okungenziwa esitulweni okungakhomba izinhlobo ezithile zezifo ezidala lesi simo (okuhlanganisa amagciwane namagciwane),” uyanezela. (Kuhlobene: Isizathu esingu-1 Sokuhlola Inombolo Yakho 2)

Ngenkathi umzimba wakho ukwazi ukulwa negciwane uwedwa ngesikhathi, ukuphumula, noketshezi oluningi, ukutheleleka kwamagciwane kuvame ukudlala ngokuhlukile, kusho uDkt. Newberry. Umehluko omkhulu ukuthi izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane azikwazi ukuzimela zodwa, okusho ukuthi udokotela wakho cishe uzokunika ama-antibiotic, kusho uDkt. Newberry. Ukuze kucace, ama-antibiotics ngeke asebenze esimweni sokutheleleka ngegciwane; bazosiza kuphela ngegciwane, uyaphawula.

Ngokuvamile, uma kungenjalo abantu abadala abaphile kahle bazokwazi ukulwa nomkhuhlane wesisu ngokuphumula ngokwanele kanye “noketshezi, uketshezi, noketshezi oluningi,” kusho uDkt. Nazareth. "Abanye abantu badinga ukuya ku-ER ukuze bathole uketshezi olufakwa emthanjeni (IV) ngoba abakwazi nje ukugcina uketshezi luphansi. Labo asebevele banamasosha omzimba athintekayo (njengokuthi uthatha imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba." kwezinye izimo) badinga ukubonana nodokotela njengoba bengase bagule kakhulu." (Okuhlobene: Amathiphu angu-4 Okugwema Ukuphelelwa Umzimba Kulobu Busika)

Ngaphezu kokulayisha uketshezi, bobabili uDkt. Nazareth kanye noDkt. Newberry batusa ukuthi kushintshwe ama-electrolyte alahlekile ngokuphuza i-Gatorade. I-Pedialyte nayo ingasetshenziselwa ukulwa nokuphela kwamanzi, kusho uDkt. Newberry. "I-Ginger ingenye ikhambi lemvelo lokucanuzela kwenhliziyo. I-Imodium ingasetshenziswa futhi ukuphatha isifo sohudo," uphakamisa.(Okuhlobene: Umhlahlandlela Wakho Ophelele Weziphuzo Zezemidlalo)

Uma usuzizwe usudle ngokwanele ukuba ungadla, uDkt. Nazareth uncoma ukuthi uqale ngokudla okungenamikhono — izinto ezifana nobhanana, irayisi, isinkwa, inkukhu engenasikhumba / ebhakwe. (Nakhu okunye ukudla ongakudla uma ulwa nomkhuhlane wesisu.)

Uma izimpawu zakho zomkhuhlane wesisu zihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto, noma uma isimo sakho siba sibi, bobabili ochwepheshe bathi kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho we-ASAP ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unamanzi afanele nokuthi azikho ezinye izingqinamba zezempilo ezidlalayo.

Umkhuhlane Wesisu Uyathathelana Isikhathi Eside Kangakanani?

Ngeshwa, umkhuhlane wesisu unjalongokwedlulele iyathathelana futhi ihlala injalo kuze kuxazululwe izimpawu. “Ngokujwayelekile idlula ngokuhlangana noketshezi lomzimba olungcolile, okuhlanganisa amahlanzo namandle,” kusho uDkt Nazareth. "Ukugabha okungcolisiwe kungagudluza [kuhlakazeke emoyeni] bese kungena emlonyeni womunye umuntu."

Ungathola nomkhuhlane wesisu emanzini angcolile noma i-shellfish, kwengeza uDkt. Laba bagxeki basolwandle "yizihlungi zokuhluza", okusho ukuthi bazondla ngokuhlunga amanzi olwandle ngemizimba yabo, ngokusho koMnyango wezeMpilo eWashington State. Ngakho-ke, uma izinhlayiya ezibanga umkhuhlane wesisu zintanta kulawo manzi olwandle, i-shellfish ingaqoqa futhi ithwale lezo zinhlayiya zisuka olwandle ziye epuletini lakho.

“[Umkhuhlane wesisu] nawo ungadluliswa ngokuhlanganyela ukudla nezitsha nomuntu onaleli gciwane,” kuchaza uDkt Nazareth. "Noma ngabe uthinta indawo enegciwane noma ukudla kwakho kugadla ngobuningi noma izinhlayiya ezinesifo, ungatheleleka."

Uma wehla nomkhuhlane wesisu, ngokuqinisekile uzofuna ukuhlala ekhaya kuze kube yilapho izimpawu zakho sezixazululiwe ngokugcwele (okungukuthi izinsuku ezimbalwa noma, okungenani, isonto) ukuze ugweme ukuwudlulisela kwabanye, kuchaza uDkt. "Ungalungiseli abanye ukudla, futhi ugcine izingane ezigulayo kude nalapho kuphathwa khona ukudla," uyanezela. "Geza ngokucophelela imifino nezithelo, futhi unakekele ngemifino eluhlaza kanye nama-oyster aluhlaza, okuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nalokhu kuqubuka."

Uzophinde ufune ukuba ngaphezulu kwemikhuba yakho yenhlanzeko lapho unesifo somkhuhlane wesisu: Geza izandla zakho njalo, gcina ibanga lakho kude nabanye lapho kungenzeka khona, futhi uzame ukungabelani ngezinto zakho nabanye kuze kube yilapho izimpawu zomkhuhlane wesisu sezihambile , kusho uDkt Newberry. (Okuhlobene: Izindlela Eziyisi-6 Zokuhlanza Indawo Yakho Njengochwepheshe Begciwane)

Ukuvimbela Umkhuhlane Wesisu

Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi umkhuhlane wesisu uyathathelana kakhulu, kungase kubonakale kungenakwenzeka ukugwema ukuwuthola ngesikhathi esithile. Kodwa qiniseka, laphokukhona izindlela zokuzivikela ongazithatha ukusiza ukunciphisa ingozi yakho yokubanjwa umkhuhlane wesisu.

“Ukudla ukudla okufanele, ukuphumula ngokwanele, nokuhlala ungenawo amanzi amaningi kuyizindlela ezivamile zokuzivikela ekungenweni izifo,” kusikisela uDkt. Newberry. "Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugeza izandla ngaphambi kokudla noma ngemuva kokuchayeka ezindaweni zomphakathi (kufaka phakathi izindlu zangasese, izinto zokuhamba zomphakathi, njll.) Kungakusiza ugweme ukusabalala kwamagciwane angadala ukugula."

Buyekeza kwe-